tinea cruris

Groin injuries are common in soccer players and often involve adductor muscle strains. The Copenhagen Adduction Exercise (CAE) is a targeted intervention whose effectiveness in rehabilitation for these injuries warrants investigation.

To investigate the impact of a rehabilitation program, which includes the CAE, on eccentric hip adduction (EHAD) strength, hip joint range of motion (ROM), self-reported disability, and pain among soccer players with adductor-related groin pain. It was hypothesized that the addition of CAE to the rehabilitation program would yield greater improvements.

Employing a randomized controlled trial with a two-group parallel design, thirty male soccer players with a mean age of 26.4 ± 3.9 years were randomized into an intervention group (IG) including CAE (n = 15) and a control group (CG) without CAE (n = 15), based on a power analysis to ensure 80% power to detect significant differences. Both groups engaged in their respective rehabilitation programs twice a week for eight weeks. The primary outcome measured was EHAD strength, while secondary outcomes included hip joint ROM, self-reported disability measured by the Copenhagen Hip and Groin Outcome Score (HAGOS), and pain levels.

Significant improvements within groups were observed across all measures (p < 0.001). The IG demonstrated a greater increase in EHAD strength (Mean Difference [MD] = 0.29 Nm/kg, 95% Confidence Interval [CI] [0.11, 0.46]), a more pronounced reduction in pain (MD = -0.97, 95% CI [-1.72, -0.21]), and betterment in all HAGOS subscale scores compared to the CG. There were no significant between-group differences in hip joint ROM.

Incorporating the CAE into rehabilitation programs significantly improves EHAD strength, decreases pain scores, and reduces self-reported disability in soccer players with adductor-related groin pain.

ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT05589623.

Complete genome sequences from two Trichophyton indotineae isolates were obtained from a 23-year-old male presenting with tinea cruris after an overseas recreational water exposure and from a 53-year-old female patient with unknown travel history. Analysis of the squalene epoxidase gene and the cyp51 gene family showed an absence of mutations, correlating with phenotypic drug susceptibility. The Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) distance between both isolates was 92. Within the T. indotineae cluster SNPs ranged from 7 to 182, suggesting a high genetic relatedness with other South Asian isolates. This study suggests that the prevalence of T. indotineae is under-reported and more widespread than previously thought.

Hereditary angioedema with normal C1-INH (HAE-nC1-INH) is a rare genetic disease with similar phenotype to HAE-C1-INH, but different genetic background. Currently six subtypes are recognized, based on the underlying mutations. Several aspects need further clarification.

To assess clinical features of patients with genetically characterized HAE-nC1-INH, from the North of Portugal.

Retrospective assessment of clinical data from all patients with HAE-nC1-INH followed at a HAE Reference Center.

Forty-one patients were identified, four with no family history. The FXII-mutation Thr328Lys (38 carriers) was the most prevalent. Three new potentially disease causing variants linked to HAE-nC1-INH were identified (c.529+4A&gt;G:FXII; Cys248*:Kininogen-1; Arg261His:Plasminogen). The HAE-FXII cohort included 82% females and 71.8% symptomatic patients. Penetrance rate was significantly higher in females (81.3% vs 28.6; p=0.012). A hormonal influence was observed in 96.2% of the symptomatic females, although 62.5% remained symptomatic after oral estrogens withdrawal. Trauma and dental procedures were frequent triggers (82.6% and 45.5%, respectively). Main locations were facial (described by 96%), lips (82.1%) and eyelids (64.3%). One patient reported erythema marginatum as prodrome. Plasma derived C1-INH was effective as short-term prophylaxis in all treated patients, but only in 80% as on demand treatment. Icatibant was effectively used on demand in 9 patients, but with relapses in five (57%).

We described the first Portuguese series of patients with HAE-nC1-INH genetically characterized. Differences with others may contribute to improve current unmet needs and raise awareness of this rare disease. We highlight the identification of 3 new variants(additional molecular studies are ongoing) and the first report of erythema marginatum in HAE-n-C1INH.