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Last update 08 May 2025

Periodontal Attachment Loss

Last update 08 May 2025

Basic Info

Synonyms

Attachment Loss, Periodontal, Loss, Periodontal Attachment, Periodontal Attachment Loss

+ [3]

Introduction

Loss or destruction of periodontal tissue caused by periodontitis or other destructive periodontal diseases or by injury during instrumentation. Attachment refers to the periodontal ligament which attaches to the alveolar bone. It has been hypothesized that treatment of the underlying periodontal disease and the seeding of periodontal ligament cells enable the creating of new attachment.

Drugs associated with Periodontal Attachment Loss

Trafermin

Target

FGFRs

Mechanism

FGFRs stimulants

Active Org.

Kaken Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.

Originator Org.

Kaken Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.

Active Indication

Periodontitis [+2]

Inactive Indication

Alveolar Bone Loss [+2]

Drug Highest PhaseApproved

First Approval Ctry. / Loc.

Japan

First Approval Date04 Apr 2001

Clinical Trials associated with Periodontal Attachment Loss

NCT06522438

/ Not yet recruitingNot Applicable

Early Healing Dynamics and Microbial Changes Following the Use of a Novel Thermosensitive Gel With Hyaluronic Acid and Octenidine as an Adjunct to Non-surgical Periodontal Treatment

This parallel-group, pilot study will test the hypothesis that the adjunctive use of a thermosensitive gel containing Hyaluronic Acid (HA) and Octenidine to non-surgical periodontal treatment (NSPT) will be able to modulate the early wound healing events. This will be assessed through the expression of specific gingival crevicular fluid markers, as well as by changes in gingival blood flow (assessed by laser speckle contrast imaging), bacterial load, soft tissues contour, clinical parameters and patient-reported outcomes.
The study will involve up to 26 patients and will take place at the Centre for Oral Clinical Research (COCR), at the Institute of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London under The Royal London Dental Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust. Patients will be randomised to receive either NSPT alone or NSPT+ HA and Octenidine gel, and will be followed up to 3 months after treatment.
The study will consist of 7- 8 visits.

Start Date01 Sep 2025

Sponsor / Collaborator

Queen Mary University of London

CTRI/2025/04/084485

/ Not yet recruitingNot ApplicableIIT

Comparative evaluation of injectable platelet rich fibrin versus chlorhexidine gel as local drug delivery in the treatment of chronic periodontitis: a randomized controlled trial - NIL

Start Date20 Apr 2025

Sponsor / Collaborator-

NCT06803576

/ Enrolling by invitationNot ApplicableIIT

Clinical and Microbiological Parameters of Success Following the Application of Osseointegrated Dental Implants. a 10-year Retrospective Study

Aim: the aim of this retrospective study is to present long-term data (10+ years of functional loading) on the success and survival of ZimVie (3i) implants. Data from a patient pool of a private periodontal office will be used to reexamine patients with at least 10 years of loading of their dental implants.
Parameters to be examined are bone loss, biologic and prosthetic complications, as well as Patient Reported Outcomes (PROMs) to analyze patient satisfaction with dental implant treatment

Start Date01 Jan 2025

Sponsor / Collaborator

Aristotle University of Thessaloniki

100 Clinical Results associated with Periodontal Attachment Loss

100 Translational Medicine associated with Periodontal Attachment Loss

0 Patents (Medical) associated with Periodontal Attachment Loss

243

Literatures (Medical) associated with Periodontal Attachment Loss

31 Dec 2025·Redox Report

Hyperhomocysteinaemia aggravates periodontitis by suppressing the Nrf2/HO-1 signalling pathway

Article

Author: Wang, Xiaoxue ; Dai, Fang ; Yang, Kaiqiang ; Song, Li ; He, Chenjiang ; Long, Ting ; Jiang, Meixiu ; Hu, Yichen ; Li, Li ; Chen, Yeke ; Yang, Xinbo ; Yang, Yuting

Periodontitis, a common dental illness, causes periodontal tissue inflammation and irreversible bone loss, inevitably resulting in tooth loss. Hyperhomocysteinaemia (HHcy), defined as blood total homocysteine (Hcy) levels greater than 15 µmol/L, is linked to increased cardiovascular disease risk. Mounting evidence indicates a connection between HHcy and periodontitis; however, the underlying processes remain unknown. Herein, we explored the mechanisms by which HHcy exacerbates periodontal tissue inflammation and osteoclast formation. In an animal model of periodontitis treated with HHcy, periodontal attachment loss was aggravated, and both systemic and gingival tissue inflammation levels tended to increase; additionally, antioxidant-related proteins were suppressed and expressed at low levels, whereas oxidative damage-related protein expression increased. In RAW264.7 cells treated with LPS or LPS + Hcy, the LPS + Hcy group presented increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) fluorescence intensity, and Nrf2/HO-1 signalling pathway suppression was associated with inflammatory cytokine (TNF-α) expression. In monocyte osteoclasts treated with Rankl or Rankl + Hcy, the Rankl + Hcy group presented Nrf2/HO-1 signalling pathway suppression, an increase in osteoclast-related proteins (NFATc-1 and CTSK), and a more pronounced osteoclastic phenotype. Therefore, HHcy may exacerbate inflammation severity and osteoclast generation in periodontitis by promoting ROS production and inhibiting the Nrf2/HO-1 signalling pathway.

10 Mar 2025·ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering

Locally Delivered Hydrogel with Sustained Release of Flavonol Compound Kaempferol Mitigates Inflammatory Progression of Periodontitis and Enhances the Gut Microflora Composition in Rats

Article

Author: Li, Ningli ; Xu, Xiaoran ; Li, Yingying ; Xian, Cory J. ; Zhai, Yuankun ; Feng, Miaomiao ; Yang, Mingzhen ; Li, Tiejun ; Zhang, Yonghong

OBJECTIVEThis study aimed to investigate the effects of a sustained-release composite containing gelatin methacryloyl (Gel) and kaempferol (Ka, K) on experimental periodontitis symptoms in rats.METHODSForty 6-week-old male rats were randomly assigned to four treatment groups in a specific pathogen-free (SPF) environment: Control group (C), periodontitis model group (M), Gel alone group (G), and Gel_Ka composite-treated group (G_K). Treatment effects on the periodontal status of bilateral maxillary second molars in each rat group were assessed by micro-CT imaging and histology. Immunohistochemistry staining was employed to examine the effects on expression levels of inflammatory factors IL-6 and MMP9 (associated with M1 macrophages) and of the anti-inflammatory factor CD206 (associated with M2 macrophages). Additionally, treatment effects on oral and intestinal microbial communities were analyzed through 16S rDNA sequencing.RESULTSLocal injection treatment with the G_K composite hydrogel effectively suppressed alveolar bone resorption and reduced periodontal attachment loss and inflammation infiltration in rats with periodontitis. It reduced the expression of inflammatory factors MMP9 and IL-6 but increased the anti-inflammatory factor CD206, and it also increased the abundance of gut microbial communities producing short-chain fatty acids.CONCLUSIONLocal treatment with the sustained-release G_K hydrogel composite demonstrates a substantial antiperiodontitis effect in rats by locally attenuating inflammation and is associated with enhancing the microbial composition of intestinal flora, thus aiding in mitigating the inflammatory progression of experimental periodontitis.

13 Jan 2025·The Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice

Tissue-invasive Pathogens in Periodontitis Patients and Their Correlation with Pro-inflammatory Markers: An Analytical Case-control Study

Article

Author: Appukuttan, Devapriya ; Victor, Dhayanand J ; Anandan, Nirmala S ; Venkatassalapathy, Santosh

AIMTissue-invasive bacteria have been proposed to be a crucial factor in the etiopathogenesis of periodontitis, with the probable interaction of tissue-invasive bacteria with the innate immune response through inflammasomes, perpetuating periodontal attachment loss. This study aims to reveal the correlation between such tissue-invasive bacteria in upregulating inflammasomes and pro-inflammatory cytokines.MATERIALS AND METHODSThis study recruited a total of 10 patients with stage III/IV and grade C periodontitis based on the bone loss to age ratio. Patient sites were grouped into group I: healthy sites with no clinical attachment loss (CAL); group II (mild-to-moderate): 1-4 mm of CAL; group III: severe (≥ 5 mm of CAL). Tissue samples were collected in these sites during periodontal flap surgery and assessed for both the bacterial genomic DNA and assessed for the upregulation of pro-inflammatory markers NOD-like receptor - Pyrin domain containing protein 3 (NLRP3), Human AIM2, Human Pro-TNFα, Human Pro-IL-1β, Human Pro-IL 6 and Human glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) genes.RESULTSThe levels of NLRP3, AIM2, and pro-inflammatory cytokine levels were all higher in the severe sites when compared with the other two sites. The tissue invasive bacterial phylotypes in these sites were thereafter compared with the levels of the pro-inflammatory markers in the various groups. The fold changes in the pro-inflammatory markers evaluated in this study all hovered around 1, indicating not much difference in the upregulation of these markers of inflammation. Statistically, significant correlation between bacterial phenotypes in the healthy sites group and the pro-interleukin-6 (IL-6) cytokine expression was observed (r = 0.68; p < 0.04).CONCLUSIONSThis study has highlighted the presence of tissue-invasive bacteria in sites with or without CAL. The fact that these healthy sites, after non-surgical therapy, have comparable levels of pro-inflammatory markers in the tissues may be explained by immune priming, by tissue- invasive periodontal pathogens.CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCETissue-invasive bacteria are present in periodontally healthy sites too, and non-surgical periodontal therapy is inadequate to eliminate them. Greater importance should be given to the soft tissue walls of the periodontal pocket in clinical management of periodontitis. How to cite this article: Victor DJ, Anandan NS, Appukuttan D, et al. Tissue-invasive Pathogens in Periodontitis Patients and Their Correlation with Pro-inflammatory Markers: An Analytical Case-control Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2024;25(10):992-996.

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