ABSTRACTBackgroundTraumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) is an incurable condition that is the largest cause of disability. In previous studies, Isosteviol sodium (STVNa) has been shown to protect rats against acute focal cerebral ischemia; however, the effects of STVNa on SCI recovery in rats remain unknown.MethodsSTVNa was given intraperitoneally after SCI to see if it had any neuroprotective benefits. On Days 7, 14, 21, and 28 post‐SCI, functional recovery was measured using the Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan (BBB) scoring system along with the oblique plate test. Following these evaluations, spinal cord tissues were harvested for analysis. All behavioral testing occurred between 8 a.m. and 3 p.m.ResultsWe found that STVNa improved spinal cord functional recovery in rats, as evidenced by enhanced BBB locomotor rating scale, angle of inclination, decreased cavity of spinal cord damage, and neuron death in vivo. In addition, STVNa reduced inflammation in rats following SCI, as demonstrated by a reduction in proinflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α, interleukin (IL)‐6, and interleukin (IL)‐1β. STVNa also reduced oxidative damage in SCI rats by lowering ROS while raising SOD levels.ConclusionThese findings suggest that STVNa protects SCI rats through a variety of pathways. STVNa, in particular, may benefit the recovery of SCI by reducing oxidative stress and inflammation, leading to enhanced locomotor activity in rats with SCI.

01 Dec 2024·Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications

Near-infrared photoimmunotherapy as a complementary modality to in situ vaccine in a preclinical pancreatic cancer model

Article

Author: Takahashi, Ken ; Seno, Hiroshi ; Yaku, Hiroaki ; Shiokawa, Masahiro ; Uza, Norimitsu ; Okada, Hirokazu ; Kodama, Yuzo ; Kobiyama, Kouji ; Ishii, Ken J

Pancreatic cancer is one of the most refractory malignancies. In situ vaccines (ISV), in which intratumorally injected immunostimulatory adjuvants activate innate immunity at the tumor site, utilize tumor-derived patient-specific antigens, thereby allowing for the development of vaccines in patients themselves. Near-infrared photoimmunotherapy (NIR-PIT) is a novel therapy that selectively kills cancer cells exclusively in the NIR-irradiated region. Extending our previous research showing that ISV using the unique nanoparticulate Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) ligand K3-SPG induced effective antitumor immunity, here we incorporated NIR-PIT into K3-SPG-ISV so that local tumor destruction by NIR-PIT augments the antitumor effect of ISV. In the mouse model of pancreatic cancer, the combination of K3-SPG-ISV and CD44-targeting NIR-PIT showed synergistic systemic antitumor effects and enhanced anti-programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) blockade. Mechanistically, strong intratumoral upregulation of interferon-related genes and dependency on CD8⁺ T cells were observed, suggesting the possible role of interferon and cytotoxic T cell responses in the induction of antitumor immunity. Importantly, this combination induced immunological memory in therapeutic and neoadjuvant settings. This study represents the first attempt to integrate NIR-PIT with ISV, offering a promising new direction for cancer immunotherapy, particularly for pancreatic cancer.

01 Nov 2024·Journal of Vascular Surgery: Venous and Lymphatic Disorders

Clinical outcomes after treatment of incompetent saphenous vein combined with segmental popliteal vein reflux

Article

Author: Hong, Ki Pyo

OBJECTIVEThis study aimed to evaluate whether differences exist in the quality of life changes and complication rates after treatment of incompetent saphenous vein (ISV) based on the presence of segmental popliteal vein reflux (SPVR).METHODSPatients who underwent treatment for ISV from July 2016 to July 2021 were included and divided into two groups: patients without deep venous reflux (DVR) and patients with SPVR. Patients with axial DVR, a history of deep vein thrombosis, a history of orthopedic surgery, previous venous treatment, and no postoperative follow-up were excluded from the study. Duplex ultrasound examination was performed preoperatively and at 6 and 12 months postoperatively.RESULTSThe study included 233 patients (398 limbs), and 50 (64 limbs) had SPVR. Differences were not observed in gender, age, body mass index, distribution of clinical class according to Clinical-Etiology-Anatomy-Physiology classification, laterality, treatment method, and preoperative Venous Clinical Severity Score or Aberdeen Varicose Vein Questionnaire scores between the two groups with SPVR or without DVR. Furthermore, the Venous Clinical Severity Score and Aberdeen Varicose Vein Questionnaire scores at 6 and 12 months postoperatively were improved in both groups, although without significant differences. A significant difference was not observed in the rate of postoperative complications between the groups based on the presence of SPVR (1.8% vs 1.6%: P = .896). The SPVR improvement rate after ISV treatment was 25% (16/64), and patient-reported outcomes in patients combined with SPVR improved independent of treatment modality, saphenous vein treatment section, and postoperative SPVR improvement.CONCLUSIONSComplication rates and clinical outcomes after ISV treatment did not differ in the presence of SPVR. In patients with SPVR, after ISV treatment, quality of life improved regardless of treatment modality, saphenous vein treatment section, and postoperative SPVR improvement.

100 Deals associated with Isosteviol

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Indication	Highest Phase	Country/Location	Organization	Date
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2	Phase 2	-	Stevia Pharmaceuticals	-
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2	Phase 2	-	Århus Universitetshospital	-

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