A randomised controlled assessor-blind parallel group clinical trial to assess the efficacy, safety and acceptability of phenothrin mousse, phenothrin lotion and wet-comb technique in the eradication of head lice

Start Date14 Jun 1997

Sponsor / Collaborator

Seton Healthcare Group Plc

100 Clinical Results associated with Phenothrin

100 Translational Medicine associated with Phenothrin

100 Patents (Medical) associated with Phenothrin

843

Literatures (Medical) associated with Phenothrin

01 May 2025·Science of The Total Environment

Legacy and currently-used pesticides in sedimentary archives: Anthropogenic footprint in the pearl river estuary

Article

Author: Li, Jun ; Zhang, Gan ; Zhao, Shizhen ; Zhong, Guangcai ; Hu, Jianfang ; Tian, Lele

Pesticides are fundamental to modern agriculture but pose significant environmental risks due to their persistence, bioaccumulation potential, and toxicity. This study systematically investigates the pollution characteristics and historical trends of 28 legacy organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and 17 currently-used pesticides (CUPs) in a sediment core from the Pearl River Estuary (PRE), assessing their potential as Anthropocene markers. The concentrations of Σ₂₈OCPs ranged from 0.788 to 9.12 ng/g, dominated by dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethanes (DDTs, 49 ± 21 %) and chlordane (9 ± 6 %), while the Σ₁₇CUP concentrations were an order of magnitude higher, ranging from 4.85 to 98.4 ng/g, with pyrethroids contributing 50-99 %. This shift in pesticide composition reflects the historical transition from OCPs to CUPs in China's pesticide usage. Temporal trends (1919-2019) showed that the concentrations of DDTs, chlordane, pyrethroids, and dicofol closely mirrored their usage history in China, demonstrating that sediment cores effectively record pesticide application history. Redundancy analysis identified total organic carbon, temperature, and precipitation as key environmental factors influencing the concentrations of DDTs, chlordane, pyrethroids, and dicofol. Correlation analysis further demonstrated that the concentrations of DDTs and phenothrin were linked to population, GDP, and agricultural activities, whereas dicofol, parathion-methyl, and bromophos-ethyl were primarily driven by agricultural activities. Moreover, DDT exhibited temporally abrupt trends, broad geographic signals, and permanent environmental records, suggesting its potential as a robust Anthropocene marker. This study provides critical insights into pesticide pollution dynamics and highlights the value of legacy and emerging pollutants in tracking human impacts on Earth's environmental systems.

01 Mar 2025·Chemosphere

Application of the Integrated Approach to Testing and Assessment (IATA) for evaluating endocrine disruption potential of selected pyrethroids by H295R steroidogenesis and ER/AR transcriptional activation

Article

Author: Lee, Handule ; Park, Kwangsik ; Ortiz, Darlene Mae D

Pyrethroids, which are widely utilized in agriculture, household products, and public health for their potent insecticidal properties, elicit significant concerns regarding their potential endocrine-disrupting effects. However, previous studies have yielded inconsistent data, largely due to the absence of a standardized screening system. To address this limitation, the present study introduces an Integrated Approach to Testing and Assessment (IATA) to evaluate the endocrine-disrupting potential of pyrethroids, aligned with the Adverse Outcome Pathway (AOP) framework. Employing this IATA-based methodology, the endocrine-disrupting effects of five pyrethroids, allethrin, phenothrin, deltamethrin, cypermethrin, and lambda-cyhalothrin-were investigated, with a focus on hormone levels of 17β-estradiol (E2) and testosterone (T). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) and receptor transactivation assays were utilized to assess the direct receptor interactions and alternative disruption mechanisms. The results demonstrated that lambda-cyhalothrin and phenothrin significantly elevated E2 levels, while all tested compounds substantially reduced T levels. Notably, transactivation assays indicated that these pyrethroids function as estrogenic agonists and androgenic antagonists, suggesting their complex role in endocrine disruption. The IATA-based framework, incorporating steroidogenesis and receptor transactivation assays, provides a comprehensive approach for assessing endocrine disruption, enabling the early identification and prioritization of hazardous chemicals. By predicting adverse outcomes without relying on in vivo testing, this integrated approach enhances regulatory decision making, promotes public health protection, and supports ethical and efficient chemical risk assessment.

01 Mar 2025·Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology

Minimal toxicological impact of chlorothalonil on adult honey bees (Apis mellifera, L.)

Article

Author: Rinkevich, Frank D ; Dodge, David ; Egnew, Nathan

Honey bees encounter a diverse array of pesticides in their foraging areas and inside their colonies. Beekeepers have expressed tremendous concern about the impacts of pesticides on honey bee colony health and their beekeeping business. The fungicide chlorothalonil is frequently detected at concentrations above 5 ppm within colonies. Exposure to chlorothalonil in lab studies have shown impacts on larval development and morphology of emerging adults while field studies have shown that colony losses are associated with chlorothalonil at 5 ppm. This research was conducted to test if chlorothalonil has effects on honey bee toxicity, insecticide synergism, detoxification activity, and expression of esterase and cytochrome P450 genes in order to assess if chlorothalonil may contribute to colony losses via direct or enhanced toxicity. Exposure to 10 μg topically applied doses or 5 ppm orally applied concentrations of technical or formulated chlorothalonil did not result in significant direct mortality, demonstrated <2-fold levels of synergism or antagonism with phenothrin, chlorpyrifos, and clothianidin, and did not impact activity or expression of detoxification enzymes. Therefore, the impacts of chlorothalonil on honey bee colony health is likely not due to toxicity or synergism but rather other physiological mechanisms.

100 Deals associated with Phenothrin

External Link

KEGG	Wiki	ATC	Drug Bank
D08357	Phenothrin	P03AC03	DB13717

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Indication	Country/Location	Organization	Date
Scabies	Japan	Kracie Ltd.	24 Mar 2014

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