Biofouling Promotes Higher Concentration of Heavy Metal on Disposable Face Masks than Microplastic Films and Particles in Seawater: Mechanisms and Potential Ecological Risks

Author: Lu, Haoliang ; Liu, Jingchun ; Chen, Yuqi ; Liu, Shanle ; Li, Hanyi ; Lin, Lujian ; Tang, Shuai ; Zhao, Yaping ; Hong, Hualong ; Yuan, Bo ; Yan, Chongling

The insufficient control of waste associated with personal protective equipment (PPE) resulted in a large influx of disposable face masks (DFMs) in marine environments.Herein, we investigated the biofilm colonization on three types of polypropylene microplastics (MPs, i.e., DFMs, films, and particles) as well as the potential risks of MP-associated heavy metals (HMs) in seawater.Compared to conventional MP particles and films, DFMs were conducive to colonization by microorganisms and minerals, resulting in the formation of a typical spatial network biofilm structure.This triggered more HM adsorption by the biofilm-developed DFMs through surface complexation with the organic components in the biofilm.By BCR sequential extraction anal., we found that organic and mineral components comprised 70.2-85.6% and 14.4-29.8% of the HM concentration in the biofilm-developed DFMs, resp.In an in vitro gastrointestinal tract model, biofilm-developed DFMs had a much higher desorption capacity for HMs than MP particles and films.Moreover, the ecol. risk index of biofilm-developed DFMs was significantly higher than that of biofilm-developed films and particles.Considering the potential ecol. risk of biofilm-developed DFMs, we advocate that the reasonable recycling and environmentally friendly treatment of PPE MP pollutants should be considered as a bursting challenge for sustainable coastal development.

20 Jul 2011·Investigative Opthalmology & Visual ScienceQ2 · MEDICINE

Protective Effect of Intravitreal Administration of Tresperimus, an Immunosuppressive Drug, on Experimental Autoimmune Uveoretinitis

Q2 · MEDICINE

ArticleOA

Author: Brigitte Goldenberg ; Jocelyne Annat ; Yvonne de Kozak ; Guillaume Leroux les Jardins ; Marie-Christine Naud ; Luc Lebreton ; Bernadette Besson-Lescure ; Francine Behar-Cohen ; Serge Camelo ; Elodie Bousquet

PURPOSETo test the efficiency of locally administrated tresperimus in experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis (EAU).METHODSEAU was induced in Lewis rats by S-antigen (S-Ag) immunization. Three intravitreal injections of tresperimus (prevention or prevention/treatment protocols) were performed at different time points after immunization. The pharmacokinetics of tresperimus was evaluated in the ocular tissues and plasma. The in vitro effect of tresperimus was evaluated on macrophages. EAU was graded clinically and histologically. Blood ocular barrier permeability was evaluated by protein concentration in ocular fluids. Immune response to S-Ag was examined by delayed type hypersensitivity, the expression of inflammatory cytokines in lymph nodes, ocular fluids and serum by multiplex ELISA, and in ocular cells by RT-PCR.RESULTSIn vitro, tresperimus significantly reduced the production of inflammatory cytokines by lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophages. In vivo, in the treatment protocol, efficient tresperimus levels were measured in the eye but not in the plasma up to 8 days after the last injection. Tresperimus efficiently reduced inflammation, retinal damage, and blood ocular barrier permeability breakdown. It inhibited nitric oxide synthase-2 and nuclear factor κBp65 expression in ocular macrophages. IL-2 and IL-17 were decreased in ocular media, while IL-18 was increased. By contrast, IL-2 and IL-17 levels were not modified in inguinal lymph nodes draining the immunization site. Moreover, cytokine levels in serum and delayed type hypersensitivity to S-Ag were not different in control and treated rats. In the prevention/treatment protocol, ocular immunosuppressive effects were also observed.CONCLUSIONSLocally administered tresperimus appears to be a potential immunosuppressive agent in the management of intraocular inflammation.

01 Dec 2002·Fundamental & Clinical PharmacologyQ3 · MEDICINE

Metabolism of tresperimus by rat aorta semicarbazide‐sensitive amine oxidase (SSAO)

Q3 · MEDICINE

Article

Author: P. Claud ; R. Laine ; Y. Artur ; J.-P. Guichard

AbstractTresperimus (Cellimis®), a new immunosuppressive agent, is mainly eliminated in the rat through metabolism, in which the oxidative deamination of the primary amine of the drug plays a major role. We have previously demonstrated in vivo the significant involvement of semicarbazide‐sensitive amine oxidase (SSAO) in this reaction. Rat aorta, a tissue with one of the highest specific SSAO activities, was tested as a new in vitro model to elucidate tresperimus metabolism, using a combination of liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS) and high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analyses. The metabolites resulting from the main metabolic pathway of the drug were formed in rat aorta homogenates. The use of various SSAO, lysyl oxidase and monoamine oxidase inhibitors confirmed that SSAO is predominantly involved in the main site of tresperimus metabolism but also in every metabolic pathway of the drug, including deamination of tresperimus metabolites M3 (desaminopropyl derivative of tresperimus) and M6 (guanidinohexylamine). A microsomal fraction of the rat aorta was used to characterize tresperimus deamination. The moderate affinity of membrane‐bound SSAO for tresperimus, with a Km value of 66 µm, was counterbalanced by a catalytic efficiency superior to that of certain physiological substrates of SSAO, such as methylamine. The rat aorta provided an interesting model with which to study tresperimus metabolism, highlighting the important role that SSAO could play as a phase I oxidative enzyme in the metabolism of certain exogenous amines at the vascular level.

100 Deals associated with Tresperimus triflutate

R&D Status

10 top R&D records.

to view more data

Indication	Highest Phase	Country/Location	Organization	Date
Graft Rejection	Phase 3	France	Groupe Fournier	-
Graft vs Host Disease	Phase 3	-	AbbVie, Inc.	-
Graft vs Host Disease	Phase 3	European Union	-	-
Graft vs Host Disease	Phase 3	United States	-	-

Clinical Result

Indication

Phase

Evaluation

View All Results

Translational Medicine

Boost your research with our translational medicine data.

view full example data

Deal

Boost your decision using our deal data.

view full example data

Core Patent

Boost your research with our Core Patent data.

view full example data

Clinical Trial

Identify the latest clinical trials across global registries.

view full example data

Approval

Accelerate your research with the latest regulatory approval information.

view full example data

Regulation

Understand key drug designations in just a few clicks with Synapse.

view full example data

AI Agents Built for Biopharma Breakthroughs

Accelerate discovery. Empower decisions. Transform outcomes.

Get started for free today!

Accelerate Strategic R&D decision making with Synapse, PatSnap’s AI-powered Connected Innovation Intelligence Platform Built for Life Sciences Professionals.

Start your data trial now!

Synapse data is also accessible to external entities via APIs or data packages. Empower better decisions with the latest in pharmaceutical intelligence.

Bio

Bio Sequences Search & Analysis

Chemical

Chemical Structures Search & Analysis


No Data

Tresperimus triflutate

Overview

Basic Info

Structure/Sequence

Related

R&D Status

Clinical Result

Translational Medicine

Deal

Core Patent

Clinical Trial

Approval

Regulation