Investigation into the effects of acute heat stress on stress level, meat quality, myofibrillar proteins properties and serum metabolites release of Muscovy ducks (Cairina moschata)

Article

Author: Huang, Ming ; Li, Zimu ; Huang, Jichao ; Zhu, Zongshuai ; Huang, Tianran ; Xiao, Mengchao

This study systematically investigated the effects of acute heat stress (AHS) on Muscovy ducks, focusing on plasma stress indicators, meat quality, myofibrillar proteins (MPs) properties, and serum metabolite profiles. AHS significantly elevated stress level, impairing meat quality, as evidenced by higher L* value, shear force, drip loss, and cooking loss (P < 0.05). It also induced MPs oxidation and aggregation, reflected by elevated carbonyl content, turbidity, zeta potential, and particle size. MPs structural alterations were confirmed by fluorescence quenching and increased exposure of hydrophobic groups. Correlation analysis revealed strong associations between physicochemical changes and MPs oxidation. Metabolomic analysis identified 161 and 105 differential metabolites in the CON vs. LS and CON vs. SS comparisons, respectively, involving 25 metabolic pathways related to energy, amino acids, and fatty acids. These findings provide novel insights into the molecular pathways of AHS-induced meat quality deterioration and reveal potential intervention timing for the poultry industry.

01 May 2025·Talanta

Generation of cross-reactive DNA aptamers to construct the fluorescent sensing array for identifying the origin of Toad Venom

Article

Author: Liu, Guocai ; Li, Jiwei ; Tian, Jiangwei ; Yu, Boyang ; Yu, Haixiang ; Ma, Hongyue ; Liu, Xiufeng

Toad venom, a traditional Chinese medicine, has long been used to treat various challenging ailments. Its effectiveness and toxicity can vary depending on the types and concentrations of bufadienolides, which vary from region to region. However, identifying the origin of toad venom is challenging due to the absence of distinct visual characteristics of the original animals. Therefore, developing a scientific and practical method for origin identification is crucial to ensure the safety and efficacy of toad venom. Integrating a fluorescent sensing array with cross-reactive aptamers provides a promising solution to this issue. We isolated cross-reactive aptamers using a combination of complex target-directed SELEX and convergent selection strategies. During the selection process, we used an immobilized stem-loop library to select aptamers and evaluated the enrichment rate and pool affinity using gel elution assays. After high-throughput sequencing, we selected three cross-reactive aptamers designated N4.8, N2.4, and S1 that exhibit distinct binding profiles for bufadienolides as the biorecognition elements for the fluorescent sensing array. This sensor is capable of distinguishing toad venom from different origins with high accuracy (98.7 %), offering convenient operation, and providing a new method for detecting the origin of toad venom.

01 Mar 2025·Animal Nutrition

Comparison of the effects of taurine and methionine supplementation on the nitrogen metabolism of beef steers elucidated through plasma metabolome profiling

Article

Author: Li, Meng M ; Liu, Cheng ; Zhang, Shuo ; Zhao, Guangyong ; Liu, Yufeng ; Hu, Jinming

The objectives of the experiment were to compare the effects of rumen-protected taurine (RPT) and rumen-protected methionine (RPM) on the nitrogen (N) metabolism, plasma biochemical parameters, and metabolomics in beef steers and to clarify whether taurine plays similar roles as methionine (Met) in the regulation of N metabolism in beef steers. Six Simmental steers aged 12 months (liveweight 325 ± 7 kg) were used as experimental animals. The experimental treatments included a basal diet, the basal diet + 70.0 g/d RPT and the basal diet + 74.2 g/d RPM. The treatments were assigned in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design. Each experimental period included 15 d for adaptation and 5 d for sampling. The results showed that supplementing the diet with RPT or RPM did not affect the apparent nutrient digestibility (P > 0.05). Supplementing the diet with RPT or RPM increased the N retention (P < 0.05) and the N utilization efficiency (NUE) (P < 0.05) and decreased the urinary excretion of 3-methylhistidine (P < 0.05) and the estimated skeletal protein degradation rate (P < 0.05). Supplementing the diet with RPT increased the plasma concentrations of taurine (P < 0.001), cysteine (P = 0.010), valine (P = 0.013) and total non-essential amino acids (NEAA) (P = 0.047) and tended to increase the plasma concentrations of essential amino acids (EAA) + NEAA (P = 0.087), but it did not affect the plasma concentrations of total EAA (P > 0.05). Supplementing the diet with RPM increased the plasma concentrations of methionine (P = 0.033), lysine (P = 0.047), cysteine (P = 0.007), leucine (P = 0.046), isoleucine (P = 0.046), valine (P = 0.034), total EAA (P = 0.028), total NEAA (P = 0.004) and EAA + NEAA (P = 0.004). The plasma metabolomics profiling revealed that supplementing the diet with RPT upregulated the plasma concentrations of taurine (P < 0.001), L-cysteine (P = 0.004) and some amino acid (AA) analogues (P < 0.05) and RPM upregulated the plasma concentrations of Met (P = 0.021), L-isoleucine (P = 0.036), L-tryptophan (P = 0.006) and some AA analogues (P < 0.05). In conclusion, taurine has similar impacts to Met in improving the N retention and the NUE in beef steers. Taurine deficiency negatively affects the NUE of beef steers. Supplementation of the diet with taurine is beneficial to the N utilization in beef steers.

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Indication	Highest Phase	Country/Location	Organization	Date
Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma	Preclinical	China	Chongqing University Cancer Hospital	14 May 2024

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