Comparing the Effect of Acetaminophen, NSAIDs, Trypsin-chymotrypsin + Acetaminophen on Post-endodontic Pain Using Visual Analog Scale (VAS) After Single Visit Endodontic Treatment: A Randomized Controlled Trial

This randomized control trial will be planned according to PRIRATE 2020 guideline for reporting randomized trials in Endodontics. The protocol of this study will be multiple parallel arm, single blinded, randomized single centered clinical trial (allocation ratio 1:1) The study will be conducted after taking the approval from the Institutional review board (IRB), Dow University of Health Sciences (Karachi). The participants will be selected according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria and on the basis of digital peri-apical radiograph and pulp sensibility test. After taking consent (Annexure form B) from patient, cold test will be performed by applying, a cotton pellet wetted with cold spray (Endodontia) to the middle third of the buccal surface of the affected tooth. Then results of electrical test will be assessed by using a digital electric pulp tester (EPT) [Parkell (Sybron Endo 91740)], applying the electrode to the buccal cusp on a location close to the pulp chamber of the premolar. VAS in written form will be provided to the patients and will explain the patient about the VAS reading and how to measure the pain intensity. Afterwards, endodontic treatment will be initiated by applying topical anesthetic gel (2% Benzocaine) along with local anesthesia (2% lidocaine with 1:100 000 epinephrine). Rubber dam isolation and access cavity preparation, working length will be determined by K-10 file (MANI) and confirmed both by apex locater (J.MORITA, Dentaport Zx) and with the help of digital periapical radiograph (DIGORA). After initial canal shaping and irrigation with sodium hypochlorite (5.25%), cleaning and shaping will be done by rotary Protaper gold file (Dentsply) in sequence SX, S1, S2, F1 ,F2 till F3. Canals will be dried by corresponding paper point and obturation will be done by lateral compaction. For the obturation Protaper gold gutta percha and accessory gutta percha (ISO) will be used with sealer (Sealapex). The orfices will be sealed and permanent restoration will be done by packable composite (Ivoclar). After performing endodontic treatment the respective drug inside the sealed envelope will be randomly given to the patient and the patient will be called at 6hrs, 12hrs, 24hrs, 48hrs and 72 hrs for the determination of pain intensity and that data will be entered in data entry form(Annexure form A).

Start Date02 Aug 2026

Sponsor / Collaborator

Dow University of Health Sciences

IRCT20260107068586N1

/ RecruitingNot ApplicableIIT

Investigation and Comparison of Cell Suspensions Prepared with Actinidin and Trypsin for Autologous Non-Cultured Epidermal Cellular Grafting in the Treatment of Refractory Vitiligo

Start Date21 Jan 2026

Sponsor / Collaborator

Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences

NCT06298383

/ CompletedNot ApplicableIIT

The Effect of Premedication With Trypsin, Bromelain and Rutoside Combination on the Success of IAN Block and Post Endodontic Pain in Patients With Symptomatic Irreversible Pulpitis: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Pain is a very important factor in Endodontic treatment, Both intra- and Post-operatively. In case of symptomatic Irreversible pulpitis, a build up of inflammatory mediators makes it very difficult for the operator to reach the desired level of anesthesia in order to deliver a pain free treatment as well as to eliminate or at least reduce post-operative pain incidence and severity. therefore, a number of pre- medications was suggested with variable success rates. Therefore this trial aims at the use of a new category of anti-inflammatory medications which would be less harmful than the standard NSAIDs or steroids.

Start Date15 Jun 2025

Sponsor / Collaborator

Cairo University

[+1]

100 Clinical Results associated with Trypsin

100 Translational Medicine associated with Trypsin

100 Patents (Medical) associated with Trypsin

4,192

Literatures (Medical) associated with Trypsin

01 Dec 2026·FOOD MICROBIOLOGY

Environmental modulation of cytotoxicity and virulence factor stability in psychrotolerant Bacillus cereus group isolates

Article

Author: Readinger, Erin ; Weidner, Lydia ; Kimble, Kayla ; Yount, Mackenna ; Prince, Cassidy ; Kovac, Jasna ; Praul, Brian ; Chandross-Cohen, Tyler

The Bacillus cereus group comprises strains relevant to food spoilage, agriculture, and human disease, with psychrotolerant members associated with refrigerated food spoilage. However, the food safety risk posed by these psychrotolerant strains remains poorly understood. This study characterized psychrotolerant B. cereus group strains from panC groups II and VI by quantifying (i) cytotoxicity at different temperatures and media (10, 32, and 37 °C in brain heart infusion broth (BHIB), and 10 °C and 32 °C in skim milk broth (SMB)), (ii) transcription of virulence genes at these same conditions, and (iii) reduction in supernatant cytotoxicity due to protein stressors. Isolates showed higher cytotoxicity (p = 0.00086) when grown in BHIB at 32 °C (0.40 ± 0.23) compared to 37 °C (0.28 ± 0.20). A subset of tested isolates also showed higher cytotoxicity (p = 0.0054) and transcription (p < 0.001) of tested virulence genes at 32 °C than at 10 °C in SMB and BHIB. Thermal (65, 75, 100 °C for 1-2 min), low-pH (2), and trypsin (10 μg/μL) treatments significantly reduced cytotoxicity of supernatants collected from isolates grown at 32 °C in BHIB, though residual cytotoxicity remained above the level of sterile BHIB. This study highlights that psychrotolerant B. cereus isolates express cytotoxic virulence factors, although at a low level, in a dairy food model under conditions mimicking temperature abuse during refrigerated storage. Furthermore, the persistence of residual cytotoxicity following thermal, pH, and proteolytic treatments highlights the need to better understand the biological relevance of these residual activities during human exposure.

01 Dec 2026·MOLECULAR BIOLOGY REPORTS

Anti-diabetic effect of camel milk and protein hydrolysates in rat model

Article

Author: Kapila, Rajeev ; Khan, Suhail Hakeem ; Devi, Usha ; Kapila, Suman ; Yadav, Radha ; Meena, Sunita

BACKGROUND:

Camel (Camelus dromedarius) milk has been traditionally valued for its therapeutic properties, for intense managing autoimmune and metabolic disorders. Due to its unique composition, camel milk is more digestible than bovine milk and contains bioactive components with potential anti-diabetic effects. This study investigates the insulinotropic and anti-diabetic potential of enzymatically hydrolyzed camel milk proteins, focusing on their effects on insulin secretion, β-cell proliferation, and metabolic regulation in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.

METHODS AND RESULTS:

Camel milk casein and whey proteins were hydrolyzed using pepsin, trypsin, and chymotrypsin. In vitro assays using RIN-5F β-cells revealed that pepsin- and trypsin-derived whey protein hydrolysates significantly enhanced β-cell proliferation and insulin secretion. In vivo, oral administration of camel milk and its hydrolysates improved glycemic control, insulin sensitivity, and body weight in diabetic rats. Biochemical and molecular studies further demonstrated favorable modulation of hepatic enzyme activity, lipid profiles, renal and liver function markers, along with significantly changes (*P < 0.05) in hepatic gene, Pepck, G6Pase, HMG-CoA, CYP7A1, and GLUT2 expression in diabetic rats compared to non-diabetic controls.

CONCLUSIONS:

The findings highlight the therapeutic potential of camel milk proteins and its pepsin- hydrolysed whey protein hydrolysates for functional dietary interventions in diabetes management by inhibiting enzymes involved in diabetes and modulation of hepatic gene expression with improvement of β-cell function.

01 Nov 2026·SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART A-MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY

Highly sensitive detection of doxycycline residues in food using lysozyme and trypsin as protein-based fluorescence biosensors

Article

Author: Fan, Xinyu ; Niu, Shiyue ; Niu, Liqian ; Wang, Jihong ; Li, Tianjiao ; Bi, Shuyun ; Wang, Xian ; Liu, Xinxin ; Liu, Xin ; Guan, Xin

Lysozyme and trypsin were separately used as fluorescent probes for the sensitive detection of doxycycline, owing to the stable intrinsic fluorescence, excellent biocompatibility, low toxicity, and low cost of the two proteins. Fluorescence quenching of both lysozyme and trypsin induced by doxycycline was verified to be static by the stern-Volmer equation and time-resolved fluorescence measurements. Synchronous fluorescence and three-dimensional (3D) fluorescence spectra of the proteins exhibited no obvious peak shift upon the addition of doxycycline, indicating that the microenvironment surrounding tyrosine (Tyr) and tryptophan (Trp) residues was barely disturbed. Circular dichroism (CD) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra demonstrated that doxycycline modified the secondary structure of the proteins. Binding constants (K_a) and binding sites (n) were obtained at various temperatures. Molecular docking and thermodynamic analysis revealed that electrostatic forces played a dominant role in the intermolecular interactions. The static quenching process was accompanied by non-radiative energy transfer. Interference experiments demonstrated that the proposed method exhibited good selectivity. For the lysozyme and trypsin systems, the linear calibration equations were F₀/F = 0.1005c + 0.9911 and F₀/F = 0.0884c + 0.9708 over the concentration ranges of 6.2-1.6 × 10⁴ ng mL^-1 and 8.2-1.8 × 10⁴ ng mL^-1, with limits of detection (LOD) of 0.58 and 0.89 ng mL^-1, respectively. The proposed method was applied to the determination of doxycycline in fish, pork, and chicken samples, and satisfactory recoveries verified its accuracy and feasibility.

100 Deals associated with Trypsin

External Link

KEGG	Wiki	ATC	Drug Bank
D00056	-	B06AA07 D03BA01	DB11237

R&D Status

Approved

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Indication	Country/Location	Organization	Date
Hematoma	China	-	-

Developing

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Indication	Highest Phase	Country/Location	Organization	Date
Pulmonary Emphysema	Phase 1	China	Wuhan Healthgen Biotechnology Corp.	30 Jan 2022

Clinical Result

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Study	Phase	Population	Analyzed Enrollment	Group	Results	Evaluation	Publication Date


NCT06298383 (Pubmed \| Int Endod J)	Not Applicable	Pulpitis	124	trypsin+bromelain+rutoside	karignjklf(usflsluylb) = fusksqkkmy zqwjttgtwi (mcuwsduxtx )	Positive	19 Jul 2026
				diclofenac potassium	-

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