Author: Stanke-Labesque, Françoise ; Gangneux, Jean-Pierre ; Lefebvre, Thomas ; Cornet, Muriel ; Bonadona, Agnès ; Botterel, Françoise ; Gautier-Veyret, Elodie ; Garnaud, Cécile ; Gelé, Thibaut ; Hulin, Anne ; Boglione-Kerrien, Christelle

Invasive candidiasis, including intra-abdominal candidiasis (IAC), is a common complication after liver transplantation. Antifungal drugs such as echinocandins and fluconazole (FCZ) are frequently used to prevent or treat such fungal infections. The diffusion of these antifungals within abdominal body sites has been rarely reported, in particular, in liver transplant recipients. This study aimed to evaluate the biliary diffusion of caspofungin (CAS) and FCZ. CAS and FCZ concentrations were determined in plasma and bile using a validated liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry method. Biliary concentrations of CAS (n = 5) and FCZ (n = 12) ranged from 1.6 to 4.4 and 6.4 to 33.4 mg/L, respectively, with respective medians of 1.9 and 17.7 mg/L. These values are higher than the MICs for yeast species frequently involved in IAC, suggesting that such antifungal exposure is sufficient to prevent/cure these infections. However, yeast was found in bile collected during CAS treatment from 3/5 patients, raising questions about the effective antifungal activity of this echinocandin at this anatomical site. Our pilot study shows that CAS and FCZ diffuse to the bile of liver transplant recipients. However, whether the observed antifungal concentrations are sufficiently high to prevent/cure IAC remains an unanswered question.

01 Mar 2025·Food Chemistry

Casein-grape seed proanthocyanidins complexes stabilized Pickering emulsion gels based on Lycium Barbarum seed oil with excellent mechanical properties and oxidation resistance

Article

Author: Yu, Na ; Zhang, Xia ; Zhu, Xiuzhen ; Ma, Lanlan ; Zhou, Xin ; Zhang, Qiqi ; Shi, Jie ; Zuo, Wenbao ; Mao, Shan ; Yang, Jianhong

Pickering emulsion gels received extensive attention in encapsulating fat-soluble substances such as Lycium barbarum seed oil (LBSO). However, the gels presented poor mechanical properties, otherwise, their physical encapsulation cannot inhibit lipid peroxidation. Herein, grape seed proanthocyanidins (OPCs) and casein (CAS) complexes interacted through hydrogen and covalent bonds were proposed to build Pickering emulsion gels and encapsulate LBSO, which changed the secondary structures of CAS and further enhanced emulsifying ability, oxidation resistance, and gelling performance. The CAS-OPCs gels had better microstructures and mechanical properties due to the enhancement of hydrogen and covalent interactions. Furthermore, gels with OPC contents of 8.00 mg/mL had performance in 3D printing. And gels reduced the peroxide value of LBSO (9.33±0.20 to 1.39±0.22 mmol/kg) after heating. This study helps reveal the possible mechanisms of OPCs on gels and provides a reference for the application and research of OPCs and CAS composites in Pickering emulsion gels.

01 Mar 2025·International Journal of Biological Macromolecules

Use of pennisetin-casein complex microparticles for Curcuma longa L. extract microencapsulation: Improvement of antioxidant and alpha-amylase inhibitory activities

Article

Author: Mosbahi, Salem ; Chiheb, Houda ; Mokrane, Hind ; Bensalem, Ahmed

This study aimed to use a new protein complex of Pennisetin (Pen) a non gluten protein of pearl millet and casein (Cas), for curcumin (Cur) extract encapsulation using simple or complex coacervation. The potential improvement of Cur antioxidant activities and α-amylase inhibition after encapsulation was explored. Complex microparticles of Pen and Cas with various ratios exhibited average diameters ranging from 1.95 ± 0.32 to 4.66 ± 0.99 μm, whereas the Cur loaded microparticles had average diameters ranging from 2.50 ± 0.89 to 5.27 ± 1.17 μm. FTIR analysis of Cur loaded microparticles showed the presence of specific peaks at 3757, 1754, 1157 and 856 cm^-1 related to characteristic functional groups of Cur. This confirms the successful encapsulation of Cur. The major forces involved in microparticles formation were hydrophobic interaction and hydrogen bonding. The best encapsulation efficiency 68 % and loading capacity 17 % were obtained for the complex microparticles Pen:Cas (ratio 1:1.5). Encapsulating Cur within microparticles of Pen, Cas or their complexes significantly (p˂0.05) enhances their DPPH and ABTS^.+ antioxidant activities and their pancreatic α-amylase inhibition percentage. These findings shed light on the potential use of Pen a non gluten protein, in its native form or complexed with Cas, as wall material for hydrophobic or hydrophilic bioactive compounds encapsulation.

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Indication	Highest Phase	Country/Location	Organization	Date
Epilepsy	Preclinical	IN	University of Delhi	12 Apr 2018

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