The influence of synergistic antibacterial saponins, sapindoside A and B, on the fatty acid composition and membrane properties of Micrococcus luteus

Article

Author: Tie, Huaimao ; Chen, Qingmin ; Zhou, Yanwei ; Wei, Minping

AbstractBackgroundSaponins from Sapindus mukorossi Gaertn. are natural surfactants with excellent foaming ability, biodegradability, and safety. However, their applications in food have been rarely reported. The aim of this work was therefore to investigate the synergistic antibacterial roles of a combination of sapindoside A and B (SAB), which are major components of Sapindus saponins, in altering the properties and fatty acids (FAs) in the membrane of Micrococcus luteus, which has been identified as an opportunistic pathogen.ResultsMicroscopy showed that SAB destroyed the integrity of the cell membrane and internal structures and led to the leakage of the cell content. Further analysis indicated that the ratio of saturated FAs to unsaturated FAs was increased significantly, and the membrane fluidity, permeability, and integrity changed substantially. Although sapindoside A and B exerted similar synergistic effects on fatty acid composition and membrane fluidity, sapindoside A had a greater impact on membrane permeability and integrity, consistent with density functional theory.ConclusionThe activity of M. luteus was inhibited more effectively by SAB than sapindoside A or B alone. It attacked cell membrane FAs, resulting in changing membrane fluidity, permeability, and integrity, eventually causing leakage of the cell contents, and ultimately cell death. This helped to provide evidence for the use of SAB as a natural antibacterial detergent additive in the food industry. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.

01 Jan 2025·Journal of Ethnopharmacology

Chinese herbal Jianpi Jiedu formula suppressed colorectal cancer growth in vitro and in vivo via modulating hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha-mediated fibroblasts activation

Article

Author: Gong, Biao ; Chen, Youlan ; Hao, Lixiao ; He, Shenglan ; Xu, Xiaowen

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCEJianpi Jiedu Formula (JPJDF) is a traditional Chinese medicinal decoction clinically used for its anti-cancer properties, particularly in colorectal cancer (CRC).AIM OF THE STUDYThis study aims to investigate the therapeutic effects of JPJDF on CRC and elucidate its potential molecular mechanisms, with a focus on its impact on hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF1α) and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) both in vitro and in vivo.MATERIALS AND METHODSUPLC-Q-TOF-MS was used to identify the constituents of JPJDF. A chemical-induced colorectal cancer model was established and treated with JPJDF to evaluate its effects. Tumor size was measured, and histopathological analyses were performed to examine JPJDF's regulatory potential on CRC. The functional mechanism of JPJDF was predicted through network pharmacology, molecular docking, and transcriptomics. Co-culture techniques involving CRC cells and CCD-18Co fibroblasts were used to assess JPJDF's impact on fibroblast activation. The effects of HIF1α on CAFs were evaluated using CCK-8 proliferation, clonal formation, and apoptotic assays, with differential marker expression quantified via qPCR and Western blotting.RESULTSPharmacodynamic assessment demonstrated that JPJDF reduced tumor size without affecting body weight, indicating its safety in the chemical-induced murine CRC model. Network pharmacology analysis, combined with molecular docking and transcriptomics, revealed that JPJDF regulates HIF-1 signaling pathways and identified HIF1α as a potential target for JPJDF's anti-CRC effect. JPJDF effectively suppressed CRC growth in vivo by attenuating fibroblast activation, reducing α-SMA expression and POSTN secretion through HIF1α inhibition. HIF1α knockdown in CRC cells inhibited fibroblast proliferation and clonal formation, while overexpression promoted these processes. Additionally, downregulating HIF1α suppressed α-SMA and POSTN expression in fibroblasts, whereas overexpression enhanced fibroblast activation.CONCLUSIONJPJDF emerges as a promising therapeutic candidate for inhibiting CAFs activation by targeting HIF1α, offering potential avenues for modulating fibroblast activation towards CAFs in CRC therapy.

01 Oct 2024·Biosensors and Bioelectronics

Label-free detection of glutathione and glutathione disulfide in biological fluid by using an alpha-hederin nanopore

Article

Author: Kang, Dong-Gook ; Jeong, Ki-Baek ; Kim, Young-Rok ; Kim, Sang-Min ; You, Sang-Mook

Glutathione (GSH) is indispensable for maintaining redox homeostasis in biological fluids and serves as a key component in cellular defense mechanisms. Accurate assessment of GSH relative to its oxidized counterpart, glutathione disulfide (GSSG), is critical for the early diagnosis and understanding of conditions related to oxidative stress. Despite existing methods for their quantification, the label-free and simultaneous measurement of GSH and GSSG in biological fluid presents significant challenges. Herein, we report the use of an alpha-hederin (Ah) nanopore for the direct measurement of the GSH:GSSG ratio in simulated biological fluid, containing fetal bovine serum (FBS). This system hinges on detecting characteristic relative ion blockades (ΔI/I_o) as GSH and GSSG molecules pass through the Ah nanopore under an applied electric field. The distinct current blockage signals derived from the translocation of GSH and GSSG enabled us to determine the molar ratio of GSH and its oxidized form. Notably, the interactions between the hydroxyl groups of the sugar moiety lining the nanopore's inner surface and the sulfhydryl group of GSH significantly influence the translocation dynamics, resulting in a longer translocation time for GSH compared to GSSG. The Ah nanopore technology proposed in this study offers a promising approach for real-time, single molecule-level monitoring of glutathione redox status in biological fluids, eliminating the need for labeling or extensive sample preparation.

100 Deals associated with α-Hederin

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Indication	Country/Location	Organization	Date
Hyperlipidemias	China	-	-

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Indication	Highest Phase	Country/Location	Organization	Date
Breast Cancer	Preclinical	Sri Lanka	University of Colombo	12 Apr 2024
Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer	Preclinical	China	Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine	01 Feb 2024

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