Delving into the Latest Updates on Carbamide Peroxide with Synapse

Overview

Basic Info

Drug Type

Small molecule drug

Synonyms

Carbamide peroxide (USP), Hydrogen peroxide carbamide, Urea dioxide

+ [3]

Target-

Action-

Mechanism-

Therapeutic Areas

Other Diseases

Active Indication

Fetal Distress

Inactive Indication

Acne VulgarisRosacea

Originator Organization

Hunan Yige Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd.

Active Organization

Hunan Yige Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd.

Inactive Organization

Elorac, Inc.

License Organization-

Drug Highest PhaseApproved

First Approval Date-

Regulation-

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Structure/Sequence

Molecular FormulaCH6N2O3

InChIKeyAQLJVWUFPCUVLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N

CAS Registry124-43-6

OBJECTIVETeeth bleaching is one of the most popular aesthetic dental treatments, uses to address both extrinsic and intrinsic tooth discoloration. However, variations in bleaching efficacy between the upper and lower dental arches are commonly observed. Sublingual salivary glands may play a role in these differences by increasing saliva contamination of bleaching trays, which accelerates the degradation of bleaching gel and may reduce its effectiveness in the lower arch. This study aims is to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of bleaching treatments in the upper and lowe arches.METHODSThis study employed a prospective observational cohort design with a split-mouth approach. Thirty-two participants completed a three-week bleaching regimen using 16 % carbamide peroxide. Color changes were assessed using the CIELAB, CIEDE2000, and Whiteness Index for Dentistry (WID) formulas, with spectrophotometric measurements taken at baseline and weekly intervals.RESULTSNo statistically significant differences (p > 0.5) in bleaching efficacy for incisors between the two arches. However, upper canines demonstrated significantly greater bleaching effectiveness than lower canines by the second and third weeks (p < 0.05), as indicated by the CIELAB and CIEDE2000 formulas. No significant differences (p > 0.05) were observed using the WID formula.CONCLUSIONWhile the lower canines exhibited slightly reduced bleaching effectiveness, these differences were not clinically noticeable, affirming the overall efficacy of the treatment for both arches.CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCEAt-home bleaching treatment demonstrates equivalent effectiveness in both dental arches. While the lower canines may achieve a slightly reduced degree of bleaching, these differences are not clinically noticeable. Consequently, extending the duration of the bleaching treatment for the lower arch is unnecessary.

01 May 2025·Dental Materials

Clinical decision-making in tooth bleaching based on current evidence: A narrative review

Review

Author: Kury, Matheus ; Fronza, Bruna M ; Lima, Adriano F ; Hilgert, Leandro Augusto ; Saraceni, Cintia Helena C ; Prunes, Bianca Bem

OBJECTIVEThis review consolidates current knowledge on dentist-supervised tooth bleaching for vital teeth, drawing from systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and randomized clinical trials (RCTs) that followed CONSORT guidelines.DATA RESOURCESMeSH and free terms like "tooth bleaching," "tooth whitening," "randomized clinical trial," and "systematic review" were used in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases STUDY SELECTION: Out of 839 articles, 444 were selected for full-text review, excluding case reports, non-randomized trials, literature reviews and those not directly related to tooth bleaching or RCTs not following CONSORT 2010. The remaining 203 studies were used to compare the dentist-supervised at-home and in-office clinical protocols, assessing factors such as color change, tooth sensitivity, and gingival irritation. In vitro studies were cited to support and explain basic concepts of different clinical decisions CONCLUSIONS: Daily at-home bleaching with 10 % carbamide peroxide or lower-concentration hydrogen peroxide over three to four weeks is effective. In-office bleaching with high-concentration hydrogen peroxide exhibits variations in protocols based on the HP concentration and gel's pH. Emerging technologies like violet LEDs and photobiomodulation with infrared lasers show promise in enhancing efficacy and reducing sensitivity, respectively, though more research is needed. The review underscores the importance of ongoing research into desensitization strategies to manage sensitivity related to bleaching.CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCETooth bleaching is central to dental aesthetics, offering a range of options that can challenge clinicians. Adverse effects, particularly sensitivity, highlight the need for practice supported in protocols clinically tested and effective desensitization approaches.

04 Apr 2025·Chemistry – A European Journal

Isolation of a Rare Terminal Zr(IV) Peroxide and Insight into Polyoxovanadate Support Impact on Thioether Oxidation

Article

Author: Cooney, Shannon E. ; Clark, Kinsey ; Walls, M. Rebecca A. ; Brennessel, William W. ; Matson, Ellen M.

AbstractSubstitutional lability of the terminal methoxide ligand on a Zr(IV) substituted polyoxovanadate‐alkoxide (POV‐alkoxide) via protonolysis is presented. Addition of excess water or stoichiometric 2,2,2‐trifluoroethanol results in the exchange of the terminal methoxide ligand for a hydroxide or 2,2,2‐trifluoroethoxide ligand, respectively. The lability of the terminal methoxide ligand at zirconium is leveraged to access a relatively stable terminal peroxide bound to a POV‐alkoxide supported Zr(IV) center, via addition of hydrogen peroxide adducts compatible with organic solvent. Isolation of the terminal peroxide complex allows for investigation into the impact of the sterically protected, electron‐rich POV‐alkoxide support on the activation of hydrogen peroxide at Zr(IV). While the isolated peroxide complex is inactive towards the oxidation of thioethers, the methoxy terminated Zr(IV) functions as a precatalyst for the reaction. Mechanistic analysis reveals electrophilic oxidation conditions with hydrogen peroxide substrates, with a nucleophilic parameter ( ) of 0.09±0.02. In thioether oxidation reactions, selectivity for sulfoxide products (95–99 %) in acetonitrile is observed, suggesting the use of a reduced POV‐alkoxide prevents over‐oxidation of substrate.

100 Deals associated with Carbamide Peroxide

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