AbstractHospital acquired infections greatly affect recovery and survival in pediatric surgical patients. We evaluated prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of ESKAPE pathogens in neonates and infants subjected to cardiac surgery in a tertiary hospital in Central Kazakhstan between 2019 and 2023 (2,278 patients) using routine methods of microbiological detection. ESKAPE pathogens were found in 1,899 out of 2,957 samples (Staphylococcus aureus – 35.3%, Klebsiella pneumoniae – 27.8%, Acinetobacter baumannii – 14.5%, Pseudomonas aeruginosa – 12.4%, Enterobacter sp. – 8.8%, Enterococcus faecium – 1.2%). The total prevalence of ESKAPE increased significantly from 45.1 to 76.9% (P = 0.005) during the study period. The resistance significantly increased in methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA, from 13.7 to 41.9%, P = 0.041) but decreased in carbapenem-resistant P. aeruginosa (from 64.3 to 37.7%, P = 0.037) and carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii (from 48.5 to 19.1%, P = 0.039). Gradual but non-significant changes were shown in third-generation cephalosporin resistant K. pneumoniae (from 63.6 to 45.2%) and carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae (from 0 to 8.3%). The relative prevalence of ESKAPE pathogens steadily increased in our pediatric cardiac surgery patients in 2019–2023. The most frequent were S. aureus, K. pneumoniae, and A. baumannii, with dramatically increasing tendencies for MRSA. Our results highlight the necessity for a well-designed infection control strategy and constant microbiological monitoring in pediatric cardiac surgery departments.

npj Vaccines

A rationally designed antigen elicits protective antibodies against multiple nosocomial Gram-positive pathogens

Article

Author: Sadones, Oceane ; Autiero, Ida ; Skurnik, David ; Berisio, Rita ; Huebner, Johannes ; Squeglia, Flavia ; Toumi, Eya ; Romero-Saavedra, Felipe ; Kramarska, Eliza ; Laverde, Diana ; Napolitano, Valeria ; Frapy, Eric

ESKAPE pathogens are responsible for complicated nosocomial infections worldwide and are often resistant to commonly used antibiotics in clinical settings. Among ESKAPE, vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (VREfm) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) are two important Gram-positive pathogens for which non-antibiotic alternatives are urgently needed. We previously showed that the lipoprotein AdcA of E. faecium elicits opsonic and protective antibodies against E. faecium and E. faecalis. Prompted by our observation, reported here, that AdcA also elicits opsonic antibodies against MRSA and other clinically relevant Gram-positive pathogens, we identified the dominant epitope responsible for AdcA cross-reactive activity and designed a hyper-thermostable and multi-presenting antigen, Sc(EH)₃. We demonstrate that antibodies raised against Sc(EH)₃ mediate opsonic killing of a wide-spectrum of Gram-positive pathogens, including VREfm and MRSA, and confer protection both in passive and active immunisation models. Our data indicate that Sc(EH)₃ is a promising antigen for the development of vaccines against different Gram-positive pathogens.

100 Deals associated with ESKAPE pathogens(ABAC Therapeutics)

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Indication	Highest Phase	Country/Location	Organization	Date
Acinetobacter Baumannii Infection	Preclinical	ES	ABAC Therapeutics SLStartup	10 Aug 2024
Enterobacter Infection	Preclinical	ES	ABAC Therapeutics SLStartup	10 Aug 2024
Enterococcus faecium infection	Preclinical	ES	ABAC Therapeutics SLStartup	10 Aug 2024
Klebsiella pneumoniae infection	Preclinical	ES	ABAC Therapeutics SLStartup	10 Aug 2024
Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection	Preclinical	ES	ABAC Therapeutics SLStartup	10 Aug 2024
Staphylococcus Aureus Infections	Preclinical	ES	ABAC Therapeutics SLStartup	10 Aug 2024

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