1,4-Dioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydrophthalazine-6-carboxylic acid as a novel MALDI matrix for enhanced analysis of metabolites induced by imidacloprid exposure

Article

Author: Lin, Zian ; Yan, Jingjing ; Xie, Wen ; Cai, Zongwei ; Jin, Yingxue

Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS) has become a robust tool for analyzing a variety of biomacromolecules. However, the strong background interference produced by conventional organic matrices hinders the detection of small molecule analytes, which restricts the widespread application of MALDI-MS in metabolomics studies. Consequently, developing new organic matrices is urgently needed to overcome these issues. In this study, 1,4-Dioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydrophthalazine-6-carboxylic acid (DTCA) was firstly employed as a new matrix for MALDI-MS to enhance the detection of low molecular weight compounds because of its strong UV absorption, less matrix background interference, high ionization efficiency for metabolites, and good reproducibility. Considering these advantages, DTCA was used to analyze endogenous metabolites in the serum samples of imidacloprid (IMI)-exposed mice via MALDI-MS in positive ion mode. By combining with machine learning, the differentiation between imidacloprid-exposed mice and control mice was successfully achieved, and 39 metabolites were estimated as potential biomarkers. Additionally, potentially disrupted metabolic pathways were revealed. These results indicate that DTCA, as a new and powerful matrix in positive ion mode, has great potential for applications in the detection of small molecules.

01 Apr 2025·Talanta

Long-lasting chemiluminescence-based portable biosensor for POCT of food contaminant azodicarbonamide

Article

Author: Zhang, Jingjing ; Wang, Shuo ; Li, Weiran ; Zhou, Xiao ; Qin, Haijuan ; Liu, Yaqing ; Chen, Xiying

Azodicarbonamide (ADA) in flour products is easily converted to semicarbazide which greatly threatens human health. Herein, a long-lasting chemiluminescence (CL)-based biosensor was developed for quantitative point-of-care testing (POCT) of ADA. The threonine (Thr)-functionalized Cu-hemin MOFs (Cu-hemin@Thr) could induce persistent CL of luminol with excellent stability. The CL intensity was related to the competition reaction among ADA and a composite of glutathione-silver ions (GSH-Ag⁺). In the presence of ADA, GSH is oxidized to glutathione disulfide (GSSG), which breaks the coordination between Ag⁺ and GSH. The CL of the sensing system is then decreased which is expected to be used for ADA detection. By combining a homemade portable device as a detector and a smartphone as an analyzer, quantitative POCT of ADA was successfully achieved. The limit of detection was 0.562 μM (0.065 ppm), which is much lower than the maximum permissible concentration of ADA (45 ppm) in flour extract. The developed strategy demonstrated quantitative POCT capabilities along with advantages of low cost, excellent selectivity, and repeatability, presenting great potential application in food safety and environment monitoring.

01 Apr 2025·Talanta

Nanochannel confined graphene quantum dots/platinum nanoparticles boosts electrochemiluminescence of luminal-O2 system for sensitive immunoassay

Article

Author: Mou, Yiping ; Zhou, Yucheng ; Zhang, Chaoyan ; Liu, Jiyang

Sensitive detection of tumor biomarkers is of great significance for early cancer diagnosis, treatment evaluation, and recurrence monitoring. Development of convenient electrochemiluminescence (ECL) immunosensor using dissolved oxygen (O₂) as an endogenous co-reactant of luminol combined with efficient nanocatalysts to boost ECL signal in neutral media is highly desirable. Herein, sensitive detection of tumor biomarker using ECL of luminal-O₂ enhanced by confinement of nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots (N-GQDs) and platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs) on nanochannel array was demonstrated. A high-density nanochannel array-modified electrode was achieved by rapidly growing an amino-functionalized. Vertically-ordered mesoporous silica film (NH₂-VMSF) on the inexpensive and readily available indium tin oxide (ITO) electrode. Through simple electrodeposition, N-GQDs were confined and PtNPs were in-situ synthesized in nanochannels of NH₂-VMSF. These confined nanocomposites catalyzed the electroreduction of O₂ at negative potentials to generate a large amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and facilitated luminol oxidation, enhancing the ECL signal of luminol by 25 times. Two immunosensors were fabricated after covalent immobilization of the recognition antibody of carbohydrate antigen 199 (CA199) or carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125) on the outer surface of the NH₂-VMSF and blocking of non-specific sites. When tumor biomarkers bind to the corresponding antibodies on the recognition interface, the formed immunocomplex hindered the diffusion of luminol to the underlying electrode, resulting in a decrease in the ECL signal and sensitive detection of tumor biomarker. The constructed CA199 immunosensor exhibited a linear detection range for CA199 from 0.5 mU mL^-1 to 50 U mL^-1, with a detection limit (DL) of 0.03 mU mL^-1. For CA125 detection, linear detection ranged from 0.5 mU mL^-1 to 500 U mL^-1, with a DL of 0.005 mU mL^-1. The fabricated immunosensors demonstrated good selectivity and high reproducibility. This study provides great potential for the development of efficient luminol ECL systems in neutral media and expands the biological application in sensitive detection of tumor biomarker.

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Indication	Country/Location	Organization	Date
Genital Diseases, Female	Russia	Bach Pharma, Inc.	22 Nov 2011
Immune System Diseases	Hungary	Bach Pharma, Inc.	16 Oct 2011
Inflammation	Hungary	Bach Pharma, Inc.	14 Oct 2011

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Indication	Highest Phase	Country/Location	Organization	Date
Dry Eye Syndromes	Discovery	Germany	Bach Pharma, Inc.	31 Oct 2011
Dry Eye Syndromes	Discovery	United States	Bach Pharma, Inc.	31 Oct 2011
Hypersensitivity	Discovery	United States	Bach Pharma, Inc.	29 Oct 2011
Wounds and Injuries	Discovery	Russia	Bach Pharma, Inc.	28 Oct 2011
Small Cell Lung Cancer	Discovery	United States	Bach Pharma, Inc.	18 Oct 2011
Breast Cancer	Discovery	United States	Bach Pharma, Inc.	11 Oct 2011
Ataxia Telangiectasia	Discovery	United States	Bach Pharma, Inc.	-
Parkinson Disease	Discovery	United States	Bach Pharma, Inc.	-
Radiation Injuries	Discovery	United States	Bach Pharma, Inc.	-
Radiation Injuries	Discovery	Russia	Bach Pharma, Inc.	-

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