The deregulated activity of the Bcr-Abl tyrosine kinase provides a rational basis for the development therapeutics in all phases of Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML). Although a well studied imatinib therapy has clinical success against CML, resistance to imatinib due to mutations in the kinase domain, especially T315I poses a major problem for the ultimate success of CML therapy by this agent. Herein we describe an NPB001-05, derived from extract of Piper betle leafs, which is highly active in specifically inhibiting Bcr-Abl expressing cells. NPB001-05 inhibited the proliferation of BaF3 cells ectopically expressing wild type Bcr-Abl phenotype and 12 different imatinib-resistant mutations of clinical relevance (average IC50 5.7 microg/ml). Moreover, NPB001-05 was highly inhibitory to wild type P210(Bcr-Abl) and P210(Bcr-Abl-T315I) kinase activity and abrogated the autophosphorylating enzyme in time- and dose- dependent manner. NPB001-05 was non-toxic on normal cells, but was inhibitory to CML patient derived peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Treatment with NPB001-05 caused apoptosis induction and G0G1 cell cycle arrest in both Bcr-Abl wild type and T315I mutant cell lines.

01 Jan 2011·Frontiers in Bioscience

Antitumor activity of NPB001-05 an orally active inhibitor of Bcr-Abl tyrosine kinase

Article

Author: Joshi, Kalpana ; Wagh, Vilas ; Sharma, Somesh ; Padigaru, Muralidhara ; Thakkar, Arvind ; Shinde, Vaibhav ; Mishra, Prabha

Scientists are constantly searching for phytochemical compounds with anti-cancer activity. In this study, activity of plant extract NPB001-05 from Piper betle was tested on human chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) xenograft models. NPB001-05 was active when dosed orally (500 mg/kg) once or twice a day in xenograft tumor models. NPB001-05 showed activity to T315I tumor xenograft, where imatinib failed to show antitumor activity. NPB001-05 showed no relevant toxicity in animal models during 2 weeks exposure to drug. Responsive tumor showed inhibition of tyrosine kinase activity with lowered Bcr-Abl protein levels and increased apoptosis. Microarray based transcription profiling studies demonstrated that both imatinib and NPB001-05 dysregulated imatinib- responsive genes. NPB001-05 showed additional genes selectively dysregulated from ER stress, PI3K/AKT, MAPK pathways. Additionally, we tested gene expression of PI3K, AKT1, JUN, CASP3 and DDIT3 in K562, BaF3P210(BCR-ABL) and BaF3 P210(BCR-ABLT315I) cell line treated for 6- and 12- hours with NPB001-05 and imatinib. The data indicates that NPB001-05 mediated cell death in K562 affects the function of ER stress. NPB001-05 shows antitumor activity with favorable toxicity profile.

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Indication	Highest Phase	Country/Location	Organization	Date
Philadelphia chromosome positive chronic myelogenous leukemia	Phase 2	IN	Piramal Phytocare Ltd.	-

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