Comparison of the Chemical Composition in Different Parts of Paris polyphylla Var. Yunnanensis Using Ultrahigh‐Performance Liquid Chromatography‐Quadrupole Time‐of‐Flight Tandem Mass Spectrometry Combined With Molecular Networking and Quantitative Analysis

Author: Li, Pengjuan ; Yang, Yuangui ; Xu, Hongbo

ABSTRACTParis polyphylla var. yunnanensis (PPY) is a traditional and valuable Chinese medicine in China, which is one of the important raw materials for many proprietary Chinese medicines, but its wild resources are scarce and the quality of cultivated products varies. Steroidal saponins are the main active components of PPY; in order to analyze the differences in the chemical constituents contained in different parts of PPY, the present study was conducted to characterize the steroidal constituents in different parts of PPY (axial roots, stems, and leaves) by ultrahigh‐performance liquid chromatography‐quadrupole time‐of‐flight tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC‐Q/TOF‐HRMS) coupled with molecular network technology and to determine the contents of the nine active components in PPY (tall and short stalk) by high‐performance liquid chromatography with photodiode array (HPLC‐PDA). The results showed that 62 chemical constituents were identified from different parts of PPY, and there were significant differences in composition types and contents in different parts, among which the composition types and contents of steroidal saponins in axial roots and leaves were higher, while those in stems were lower. The contents of three steroidal saponins specified in China Pharmacopoeia (2020 edition) are higher than 0.6% in the axial roots and leaves, indicating that the leaves of PPY can be used as one of the potential sources of steroidal saponins. The composition of PPY was similar in tall and short stalks, but higher total steroidal saponin content in taller stalk. In conclusion, this study points out the direction for resource conservation and rational development of PPY, and provides a basis for comprehensive evaluation of the quality of PPY medicinal herbs and screening of high‐quality PPY germplasm.

01 Mar 2025·Industrial Crops and Products

Identification of a bZIP transcription factor PpTGA3 regulating polyphyllin biosynthesis in Paris polyphylla

Author: Li, Sheng-Hong ; Kang, Juan-Juan ; Pu, Xiu-Lan ; Chen, Yue-Gui ; Liu, Yan ; Zhang, Jin-Yan ; Chen, Jing ; Wu, Dong-Rong ; Zhang, Li-Yuan ; Hu, Hong ; Guo, Kai ; Tao, Yang ; Lin, Liang ; Ye, Xiao

The biosynthesis and transcriptional regulation of active ingredients in medicinal plants have garnered significant research attention.In this study, we focused on the transcriptional regulation of polyphyllins, a group of steroidal saponins with promising pharmacol. activities and industrial values in Paris polyphylla, a well-known traditional Chinese herb with significantly large genome.We constructed a yeast hybrid library for P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis (PPY) to identify transcription factors modulating polyphyllin biosynthesis.Using the promoters of two genes encoding UDP-glycosyltransferases (UGTs) involved in polyphyllin biosynthesis as baits, we isolated potential transcriptional regulators.Subsequent analyses, including subcellular localization, transcriptional activity, and dual-luciferase assays, indicated that the nuclear-localized basic region leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factor, PpTGA3, could activate PpUGT73CE1 expression.PpTGA3, predominantly expressed in the rhizome and sepal, was found to alter polyphyllin content upon transient overexpression in P. polyphylla leaves.Furthermore, exogenous salicylic acid (SA) treatment and transcriptome anal. suggest a potential role of SA in polyphyllin accumulation, indicating an intricate interplay between SA signaling and PpTGA3.Overall, our findings provide new insights into the regulation of polyphyllin biosynthesis and establish a mol. basis for enhancing polyphyllin production in P. polyphylla.

01 Dec 2024·Journal of Plant Growth Regulation

Integrated Analysis of Transcriptome and Metabolome Reveal the Enhancement of Methyl Dihydrojasmonate on Physiological Indicators and Polyphyllins Biosynthesis in Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis

Author: Tian, Weijun ; Li, Jiaru ; Tian, Mengqi ; Gu, Yongbin ; Li, Yi ; Tian, Weirong ; Hu, Zixuan ; Zhang, Furi ; Li, Zihao

Abstract: Jasmonic acids, their effects on plant resistance and metabolites, have been extensively researched.However, Me dihydrojasmonate (MDJ), a cost-effective and safe substitute for jasmonic acids, lacks sufficient research.This study presents a comprehensive anal. the impact of MDJ on Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis.The present study aimed to enhance the accumulation of steroidal saponins (polyphyllin I, II, III, D, V, VI, VII, H) in Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis which is a medicinal plant that contains medicinal steroidal saponins.To achieve this, different concentrations of MDJ were applied to Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis.The study examined the impact of MDJ on physiol. and polyphyllins.The optimal treatment concentration was identified, and the effects of MDJ on physiol. metabolism and the expression pattern of related genes were explored.The results indicated that MDJ treatment significantly increased the levels of photosynthetic pigments, antioxidant enzymes, osmoregulators peaked at M2.Moreover, MDJ enhanced the accumulation of polyphyllins in both the leaves and rhizomes peaked at M2, particularly the sum of four polyphyllins (polyphyllin I, II, VI, VII) stated in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia, which increased by 45.65% following treatment.Based on transcriptome anal., we revealed the polyphyllins-related genes by WGCNA.Furthermore, the majority of genes related to steroidal saponins were up-regulated following MDJ treatment.In the future, we recommend treating Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis with suitable MDJ concentrations in production to efficiently enhance the yield of steroidal saponins.

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