Liposomal NDDP

The potential for full rehabilitation following amputation among end-stage renal disease patients is poor.

To evaluate the functional outcomes and survival among amputees treated with hemodialysis at the end of the rehabilitation procedure.

We recruited 46 patients after lower limb amputation. Of these individuals, 19 (41.3%) were treated with dialysis and 27 (58.7%) were non-dialysis-dependent patients (NDDP). Both groups were divided into three sub-groups according to their independence with regard to activities of daily living (ADL) and their ability to walk with prostheses.

The survival of lower limb amputees treated with dialysis was shorter compared to NDDP. Survival after amputation among the NDDP who were fully or partially independent in ADL and with regard to mobility, was longer compared to the non-mobile amputees as with the patients treated with dialysis.

Survival was significantly longer in lower limb amputees NDDP and shorter in patients who did not achieve a certain level of functioning.

Because of the insolubility of miriplatin in water, miriplatin and lipiodol suspension is the sole formulation of miriplatin approved in Japan to treat hepatocellular carcinoma by transcatheter arterial chemoembolization. Until now, there have been no reports of other pharmaceutical formulations of miriplatin except miriplatin/lipiodol suspension. In this study, we aimed not only to develop miriplatin-loaded liposomes (lipomiriplatins) which could be administrated systematically for tumors besides hepatocellular carcinoma but also to ascertain whether miriplatin, like its analog of NDDP, was a liposome-dependent antitumor agent. We found that miriplatin could be successfully incorporated into liposomes, and both the stability and antitumor activity of lipomiriplatins were independent of the liposomal compositions. Especially, HPLC was successfully established as the quantitative method for lipomiriplatins, which completely eliminated the interference of cholesterol. Lipomiriplatins possessed favorable colloidal properties (99.71 ± 0.56 nm, -50 mV), high drug-loading capacity (about 2.2 mg/mL), excellent entrapment efficiency (>95%), and robust stability. The remarkable antitumor activities of lipomiriplatin were proved to be mediated by inducing cell apoptosis and were comparable to that of the commercial cisplatin and oxaliplatin injections, indicating that lipomiriplatins showed great promise for future potential clinical application via systematic administration.