Open-label, multicenter, multiple-dose, study of population pharmacokinetics of I.V. Synercid (7.5 mg/kg every 8 hours) in 75 pediatric patients. The purpose is to assess the population pharmacokinetics of Synercid in pediatric patients and to collect additional safety and efficacy data in pediatric patients.

Start Date01 Jun 2000

Sponsor / Collaborator

Pfizer Inc.

[+1]

100 Clinical Results associated with Dalfopristin/Quinupristin

100 Translational Medicine associated with Dalfopristin/Quinupristin

100 Patents (Medical) associated with Dalfopristin/Quinupristin

1,958

Literatures (Medical) associated with Dalfopristin/Quinupristin

01 Feb 2025·Zhongguo shi yan xue ye xue za zhi

[Clinical and Laboratory Characteristics of Streptococcus mitis Causing Bloodstream Infection in Children with Hematological Disease].

Article

Author: Chen, Xiao-Juan ; Fan, Yu-Long ; Tian, Zhi-Ying ; Guo, Ye ; Yang, Wen-Yu ; Lin, Qing-Song ; Wang, Zhao ; Lyu, Yan-Xia ; Zhu, Guo-Qing

OBJECTIVETo investigate the risk factors, clinical characteristics, and bacterial resistance of bloodstream infections caused by Streptococcus mitis in children with hematological disease, so as to provide a reference for infection control.METHODSThe clinical information and laboratory findings of pediatric patients complicated with blood cultures positive for Streptococcus mitis from January 2018 to December 2020 in the Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital were searched and collected. The clinical characteristics, susceptibility factors, and antibiotic resistance of the children were retrospectively analyzed.RESULTSData analysis from 2018 to 2020 showed that the proportion of Streptococcus mitis isolated from bloodstream infections in children (≤14 years old) with hematological diseases was the highest (19.91%) and significantly higher than other bacteria, accounting for 38.64% of Gram-positive cocci, and presented as an increasing trend year by year. A total of 427 children tested positive blood cultures, including 85 children with bloodstream infections caused by Streptococcus mitis who tested after fever. Most children experienced a recurrent high fever in the early and middle stages (≤6 d) of neutropenia and persistent fever for more than 3 days. After adjusting the antibiotics according to the preliminary drug susceptibility results, the body temperature of most children (63.5%) returned to normal within 4 days. The 85 children were mainly diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), accounting for 84.7%. The proportion of children in the neutropenia stage was 97.7%. The incidence of oral mucosal damage, lung infection, and gastrointestinal injury symptoms was 40%, 31.8%, and 27.1%, respectively. The ratio of elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) and procalcitonin was 65.9% and 9.4%, respectively. All isolated strains of Streptococcus mitis were not resistant to vancomycin and linezolid, and the resistance rate to penicillin, cefotaxime, levofloxacin, and quinupristin-dalfopristin was 10.6%, 8.2%, 9.4%, and 14.1%, respectively. None of children died due to bloodstream infection caused by Streptococcus mitis.CONCLUSIONThe infection rate of Streptococcus mitis is increasing year by year in children with hematological diseases, especially in children with AML. Among them, neutropenia and oral mucosal damage after chemotherapy are high-risk infection factors. The common clinical symptoms include persistent high fever, oral mucosal damage, and elevated CRP. Penicillin and cephalosporins have good sensitivity. Linezolid, as a highly sensitive antibiotic, can effectively control infection and shorten the course of disease.

01 Dec 2024·Infection

Changes in the epidemiology and antimicrobial resistance patterns of Streptococcus pneumoniae from pediatric community acquired pneumonia patients attended in a Chinese hospital during the COVID-19 pandemic

Article

Author: Zhou, Chanjuan ; Ai, Ling ; Fang, Liang ; Gong, Fang ; Liu, Beizhong

PURPOSEThe COVID-19 pandemic has altered the infection dynamics of numerous pathogens. This study aimed to elucidate its impact on Streptococcus pneumoniae (S. pneumoniae) infections in children with community acquired pneumonia (CAP).METHODSA retrospective analysis was conducted in pediatric CAP patients admitted before (2018-2019) and during (2020-2022) the COVID-19 pandemic. The epidemiology and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) patterns of S. pneumoniae were compared to reveal the impact of the pandemic.RESULTSA total of 968 S. pneumoniae-associated pediatric CAP patients were enrolled. Although the positivity rate and gender of patients were stable across both periods, the age notably increased in 2021 and 2022. Additionally, significant changes were observed in the co-infections with several pathogens and the resistance rates to certain antibiotics during the COVID-19 pandemic. The resistance rate to clindamycin and quinupristin-dalfopristin increased, whereas the resistance rate to tetracycline, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, telithromycin, and proportion of multi-drug resistant isolates decreased. The number of S. pneumoniae strains and resistant isolates exhibited similar seasonal patterns in 2018 and 2019, peaking in November or December with another minor peak in March or April. During the COVID-19 pandemic, there was a sharp decrease in February 2020 and no resurgence was observed at the end of 2022. Additionally, the minor peak was absent in 2020 and shifted to other months in 2021 and 2022.CONCLUSIONSThe COVID-19 pandemic has markedly altered the infection spectrum of S. pneumoniae in pediatric CAP patients, as evidenced by shifts in the age of patients, respiratory co-infections, AMR patterns, and seasonal trends.

01 Feb 2024·The Lancet Microbe

Antibiotic resistance determination using Enterococcus faecium whole-genome sequences: a diagnostic accuracy study using genotypic and phenotypic data

Article

Author: Holmes, Mark A ; Khokhar, Fahad A ; Gouliouris, Theodore ; Brown, Nicholas M ; Raven, Kathy E ; Harrison, Ewan M ; Nguyen, Thi Hoa ; Yeats, Corin A ; Blane, Beth ; Wilson, Hayley J ; Ludden, Catherine ; Roberts, Leah W ; Coll, Francesc ; Nguyen, Vu Trung ; Le, Thi Hoi ; Estee Török, Mili ; Parkhill, Julian ; Horner, Carolyne S ; Peacock, Sharon J

BACKGROUNDDNA sequencing could become an alternative to in vitro antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST) methods for determining antibiotic resistance by detecting genetic determinants associated with decreased antibiotic susceptibility. Here, we aimed to assess and improve the accuracy of antibiotic resistance determination from Enterococcus faecium genomes for diagnosis and surveillance purposes.METHODSIn this retrospective diagnostic accuracy study, we first conducted a literature search in PubMed on Jan 14, 2021, to compile a catalogue of genes and mutations predictive of antibiotic resistance in E faecium. We then evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of this database to determine susceptibility to 12 different, clinically relevant antibiotics using a diverse population of 4382 E faecium isolates with available whole-genome sequences and in vitro culture-based AST phenotypes. Isolates were obtained from various sources in 11 countries worldwide between 2000 and 2018. We included isolates tested with broth microdilution, Vitek 2, and disc diffusion, and antibiotics with at least 50 susceptible and 50 resistant isolates. Phenotypic resistance was derived from raw minimum inhibitory concentrations and measured inhibition diameters, and harmonised primarily using the breakpoints set by the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing. A bioinformatics pipeline was developed to process raw sequencing reads, identify antibiotic resistance genetic determinants, and report genotypic resistance. We used our curated database, as well as ResFinder, AMRFinderPlus, and LRE-Finder, to assess the accuracy of genotypic predictions against phenotypic resistance.FINDINGSWe curated a catalogue of 228 genetic markers involved in resistance to 12 antibiotics in E faecium. Very accurate genotypic predictions were obtained for ampicillin (sensitivity 99·7% [95% CI 99·5-99·9] and specificity 97·9% [95·8-99·0]), ciprofloxacin (98·0% [96·4-98·9] and 98·8% [95·9-99·7]), vancomycin (98·8% [98·3-99·2] and 98·8% [98·0-99·3]), and linezolid resistance (after re-testing false negatives: 100·0% [90·8-100·0] and 98·3% [97·8-98·7]). High sensitivity was obtained for tetracycline (99·5% [99·1-99·7]), teicoplanin (98·9% [98·4-99·3]), and high-level resistance to aminoglycosides (97·7% [96·6-98·4] for streptomycin and 96·8% [95·8-97·5] for gentamicin), although at lower specificity (60-90%). Sensitivity was expectedly low for daptomycin (73·6% [65·1-80·6]) and tigecycline (38·3% [27·1-51·0]), for which the genetic basis of resistance is not fully characterised. Compared with other antibiotic resistance databases and bioinformatic tools, our curated database was similarly accurate at detecting resistance to ciprofloxacin and linezolid and high-level resistance to streptomycin and gentamicin, but had better sensitivity for detecting resistance to ampicillin, tigecycline, daptomycin, and quinupristin-dalfopristin, and better specificity for ampicillin, vancomycin, teicoplanin, and tetracycline resistance. In a validation dataset of 382 isolates, similar or improved diagnostic accuracies were also achieved.INTERPRETATIONTo our knowledge, this work represents the largest published evaluation to date of the accuracy of antibiotic susceptibility predictions from E faecium genomes. The results and resources will facilitate the adoption of whole-genome sequencing as a tool for the diagnosis and surveillance of antimicrobial resistance in E faecium. A complete characterisation of the genetic basis of resistance to last-line antibiotics, and the mechanisms mediating antibiotic resistance silencing, are needed to close the remaining sensitivity and specificity gaps in genotypic predictions.FUNDINGWellcome Trust, UK Department of Health, British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, Academy of Medical Sciences and the Health Foundation, Medical Research Council Newton Fund, Vietnamese Ministry of Science and Technology, and European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Disease.

100 Deals associated with Dalfopristin/Quinupristin

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R&D Status

10 top approved records.

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Indication	Country/Location	Organization	Date
Complicated skin and skin structure infection	United States	King Pharmaceuticals LLC	21 Sep 1999
Vancomycin-resistant enterococcal infection	United States	King Pharmaceuticals LLC	21 Sep 1999
Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections	United Kingdom	Rhône-Poulenc, Inc.	01 Jul 1999

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