Pantethine

Microbial metabolomics studies are a common approach for identifying microbial strains that have a capacity to produce new chemistries both in vitro and in situ. A limitation to applying microbial metabolomics to the discovery of new chemical entities is the rediscovery of known compounds, or "known unknowns." One factor contributing to this rediscovery is that the majority of laboratories use one ionization source─electrospray ionization (ESI)─to conduct metabolomics studies. Although ESI is an efficient, widely adopted ionization method, its widespread use may contribute to the reidentification of known metabolites. Here, we present the use of a dielectric barrier discharge ionization (DBDI) for microbial metabolomics applications through the use of soft ionization chemical reaction in-transfer (SICRIT). Additionally, we compared SICRIT to ESI using two different Vibrio species: Vibrio fischeri, a symbiotic marine bacterium, and Vibrio cholerae, a pathogenic bacterium. Overall, we found that the SICRIT source ionizes a different set of metabolites than ESI, and it has the ability to ionize lipids more efficiently than ESI in the positive mode. This work highlights the value of using more than one ionization source for the detection of metabolites.

The present study deals with the medicinal values of Bulbophyllum griffithii (Lindl.) Rchb.f., a rare and unexplored ethnomedicinal orchid, whose therapeutic applications have been included in the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM).Gas chromatog. mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and high-resolution liquid chromatog. mass spectrometry (HR-LCMS) carried out detected over 100 bioactive compounds belonging to different classes like sesquiterpenoids, phenolics, flavonoids, coumarins, fatty acids, and antibiotics to be present in different tissues of B. griffithii.The analyzed compounds are reported to possess anti-cancerous, anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, anti-hypertensive, anti-aging, and antimicrobial properties.Further, the phytochem. contents and antioxidant activity of the tissue extracts were found to be highest in methanol as compared to other solvents.The root tissue extract was found to contain the highest phenolics (25.93±0.32 mg g^-1) and tannins (19.53±0.34 mg g^-1), while the leaf tissue extract had the highest content of flavonoids (20.72±0.36 mg g^-1).The antioxidant activity estimated by ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and metal chelating activity (MCA) assays, as well as half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) determined by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) assays were found to be maximum for the root tissue extract (DPPH value 44.36±0.42 μg/mL; ABTS value 61.25±0.79 μg/mL).Assessment of the antibacterial activity of B. griffithii using the root and pseudobulb tissue extracts showed a broad-spectrum of antagonistic activity against gram-neg. and gram-pos. pathogenic bacteria whereas the leaf tissue extract exhibited poor antibacterial activity.The correlation matrixes, including the Pearson correlation coefficient (PCC) and Principal component anal. (PCA), showed that the phenolics and flavonoids present in B. griffithii tissue extracts were pos. correlated with its radical scavenging power, while antibiotics such as carbenicillin, armillarinin, kolanone, salinomycin, and phytosphingosine provided bacterial inhibition activity.Hence, this study is highly significant as it establishes and validates the medicinal properties of B. griffithii, which has not been explored so far.