Granulocyte colony stimulating factor(Lipoxen Technologies Ltd.)

Individuals with neutropenia or defective neutrophil disorders exhibit significantly increased susceptibility to oral infections and dental complications compared to the general population. Despite the elevated risk profile associated with these conditions, comprehensive and standardized dental care guidelines for affected individuals remain limited. Optimal management requires a multidisciplinary approach that incorporates pre‐procedural risk stratification, individualized treatment planning, and appropriate post‐procedural care strategies. There is a pressing need for well‐controlled clinical studies to evaluate the efficacy of prophylactic antibiotic regimens and granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor in mitigating infection risks in this vulnerable population. However, the rarity and heterogeneity of neutrophil disorders pose substantial challenges to the development of evidence‐based protocols. Risk assessment must be individualized, tailored to individual patient profiles, considering factors such as the degree of neutropenia, prior history of infections, and the nature of planned dental procedures. Here, we review and summarize guidelines for dental management in patients with congenital neutrophil disorders and propose the need for targeted, evidence‐based clinical studies to ensure safe and effective care.

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is a prevalent complication among allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (allo‐HSCT) recipients, posing significantly impact on clinical outcomes and healthcare costs. This study aims to assess the clinical and economic burden of CMV infection in hospitalized adult allo‐HSCT recipients in China. A retrospective analysis was conducted using electronic medical records from two tertiary hospitals in China. A total of 1977 patients who underwent allo‐HSCT while hospitalized between 1 January 2016 and 31 December 2021 were included in the study and followed up for 180 days. Data on CMV clinical characteristics, hospitalization duration, complications, and healthcare costs were collected and analyzed. CMV infection/disease was observed in 542 patients during the hospitalization of the allo‐HSCT procedure, leading to longer hospital stays (69.36 [SD 23.15] vs 37.77 [SD 13.22] days, p  < 0.001) and increased medical expenses (US$60,152.98 [SD 30,190.82] vs $34,430.88 [17,723.65], p  < 0.001). Patients with CMV infection/disease had higher rates of complications, such as graft‐versus‐host disease (52.21% vs 19.65%, p  < 0.001), and required more extensive use of granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor, red blood cell and platelet transfusion, antifungals drugs, and antibacterials drugs. CMV infection/disease imposes significant clinical and economic burdens on hospitalized allo‐HSCT recipients in China. Effective monitoring and prevention strategies are essential to mitigate these impacts, improve patient outcomes, and reduce healthcare costs.