Taking a massive overdose of methamphetamine (MAMP), which is one of the most prevalent illicit drugs in the world, will stimulate central nervous system, impair both physical and mental health and even lead to death. Therefore, the rapid quantitative testing in the field of MAMP is of great importance to law enforcement agencies. In this study, a branched, sharp-spiked gold nanostructure, named AuNS@4-MBA, is successfully synthesized at room temperature. The quantitative detection of MAMP is achieved through surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) using the AuNS@4-MBA substrate. Due to the unique morphology of the nanostructure, numerous "hot spots" are formed, providing optimal conditions for sensitive detection. Upon activation of the system using EDC/NHS, the SERS signal intensity at 1080 cm^-1 exhibits a gradual decrease as the MAMP concentration increases. This reduction can be attributed to the formation of amide compounds in the vicinity of 4-MBA, which not only interferes with the 4-MBA signal but also suppresses the aggregation of gold nanostars. Under optimized experimental conditions, the detection limit for MAMP was determined to be 1.3 × 10^-8 M (1.96 ng/mL), with a linear detection range spanning from 5 × 10^-8 M to 5 × 10^-4 M. Kinetic and isotherm analyses revealed that the capture of MAMP onto the AuNS@4-MBA surface follows pseudo-second-order kinetics and adheres to the Langmuir model. Furthermore, this highly accurate detection method demonstrates exceptional efficacy in complex biological and environmental matrices. Its universal applicability extends to the detection of illicit drugs containing amine groups, underscoring its potential as a robust tool for forensic analysis and rapid on-site drug screening at crime scenes.

01 Jul 2025·MATERIALS CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS

Development of an electrochemical paper based multiplex analytical device for the detection of “illicit drugs” employing silver nanoparticles

Author: Suleman, Shariq ; Jahan, Farhat ; Ansari, Samra ; Patil, Shikha ; Anzar, Nigar ; Narang, Jagriti

The prevalence of illicit drug abuse has reached alarming proportions worldwide, posing significant challenges to public health and safety.Among the myriad of substances, ketamine, methamphetamine, and alprazolam stand out due to their diverse applications, ranging from medical treatments to recreational use.Traditional methods for drug detection often face limitations in terms of portability, speed, and cost-effectiveness.To address this, we propose a novel approach utilizing a paper-based multiplex anal. device (ePMAD) platform for swift and on-site detection of these drugs in both types of beverages alc. as well as non-alc. beverages.This platform incorporates silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and drug-specific aptamers to achieve high sensitivity and selectivity.Briefly, AgNPs were synthesized by chem. methods, and UV-visible spectroscopy, Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and Transmission electronic microscope (TEM) anal. were used for characterization.We effectively demonstrate the efficacy of our sensor in detecting target drugs by employing a variety of electrochem. techniques, including cyclic voltammetry (CV) and linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) in the presence of 0.5 mM ferro/ferri cyanide as a redox couple.Standard solutions of Ketamine, Methamphetamine, and Alprazolam in Concentrations between 0.01 and 5 μg/mL have been used to optimize each working electrode.The limit of detection of each illicit drug is 0.01 and 30 s as its optimal response time.The specificity of the sensor is validated through cross-reactivity experiments, and its practical utility is assessed by detecting spiked drugs in beverages with and without alc.This innovative approach offers a promising solution for point-of-care drug detection with potential applications in various real-world scenarios.

01 Jul 2025·Forensic Chemistry

Analysis of substituted Cathinones and fentanyl analogs by gas chromatography-infrared spectroscopy (GC-IRD) using nitrogen carrier gas

Author: Warner, Marcus L.

Substituted cathinones and fentanyl analogs that are positional isomers can produce similar mass spectra and retention times, which poses challenges for their identification.A gas chromatog.-IR spectroscopy (GC-IRD) method, developed using nitrogen as the carrier gas, was employed as a complimentary technique to gas chromatog.-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) for the accurate identification of positional isomers.Due to the global helium shortage and since Agilent helium (nitrogen switch) conservation modules were currently in use, nitrogen was selected and a novel method was developed for the anal. of controlled substances.A total method run time of 26 min for the anal. of 29 certified reference materials comprised of substituted cathinones and fentanyl analogs was achieved.A drug mixture was also analyzed to evaluate the resolution and retention time.Standards were prepared at concentrations of 100 μg/mL, 1 mg/mL and 2 mg/mL and analyzed over a 3-day period, where the 2 mg/mL concentrations of the standards were run in triplicate on day 1 and once on days 2 and 3.Twenty-seven of the standards were identified with a library match of 0.98 or higher for the 1 mg/mL concentrationEach standard experienced a retention time (RT) coefficient of variation (%CV) less than 3 %.For the drug mixture peak resolution exceeded 1.5 for each component.The GC-IRD validated method was found to be a suitable complementary anal. technique to GC-MS for analyzing substituted cathinones and fentanyl analogs, as demonstrated by the repeatable and reproducible RTs and library matches obtained during method validation.

148

News (Medical) associated with Methamphetamine(The University of Montana)

27 Feb 2025

·www.prnewswire.com

CBSA launches Operation Blizzard to target fentanyl and other synthetic narcotics

OTTAWA, ON, Feb. 27, 2025 /PRNewswire/ - The Canada Border Services Agency (CBSA) plays an important role in keeping fentanyl, its precursors and other dangerous narcotics off our streets. Today, the CBSA shared details about additional actions being taken to stop fentanyl and other synthetic narcotics from reaching communities across the country and abroad. As part of Canada's Border Plan, the CBSA has launched Operation Blizzard, a targeted, cross-country initiative aimed at intercepting illegal contraband arriving and leaving Canada, with a focus on fentanyl and other synthetic narcotics. During this blitz, border services officers will be increasing examinations of inbound and outbound shipments. They will also be acting on increased referrals from CBSA's National Targeting Centre based on risk assessments. The goal of the operation is to disrupt the supply chain for fentanyl and other illicit drugs through interception of contraband as part of Canada's overarching efforts to strengthen border security and combat organized crime. In addition to Operation Blizzard, CBSA's collaborative efforts with the Royal Canadian Mounted Police and local law enforcement partners have resulted in significant seizures across the country. In February 2025 alone, the CBSA made six seizures amounting to 56.1g of fentanyl, including the seizure of 20 fentanyl pills and 23 g of a substance suspected to be fentanyl from two U.S. citizens crossing at the Windsor-Detroit Tunnel port of entry. The CBSA has also shared details about the following seizures of other illegal narcotics in the month of February: 186 kg of methamphetamine (estimated value of $1.86 million) and 42 kg of cocaine (estimated value of $1 million) at Coutts port of entry 6.4 kg of meth (estimated value of $500,000) in the Greater Toronto Area (GTA) 38 kg of cocaine (estimated value of $4.7 million) in the GTA 2.3 kg of cocaine (estimated value of $280,000) in the GTA 35 kg of ketamine (estimated value of $2.4 million) at Vancouver International Airport 30.6 g of suspected heroin (estimated value of $12,240) at the Peace Bridge port of entry 30 kg of suspected ketamine (estimated value of $2.1 million) in the GTA Quote "The Government of Canada is tackling the fentanyl crisis head on by disrupting the supply chain of fentanyl and its precursors. Operation Blizzard demonstrates our commitment to protecting North Americans and defending our borders from the organized crime groups who threaten our communities." - The Honourable David J. McGuinty, Minister of Public Safety "Canada is taking significant action to stop the importation, production and trafficking of illegal fentanyl. In addition to the deployment of new tools and technology at the border, we also rely heavily on our frontline personnel to secure our border. Exercises like Operation Blizzard deter criminals and help ensure that our border response to illegal drug trafficking is robust and effective." - Kevin Brosseau, Fentanyl Czar "The CBSA will not allow organized criminal organizations to exploit our borders. We are taking enhanced measures to prevent narcotics, synthetic opioids and fentanyl from reaching Canadians and from being exported to other countries. Operation Blizzard is one of the many steps we are taking to protect our communities from these dangerous substances." - Erin O'Gorman, President, Canada Border Services Agency Quick Facts Fentanyl is a very potent opioid pain reliever. A few grains can be enough to kill you. It is a dangerous drug that is 20 to 40 times more potent than heroin and 100 times more potent than morphine. This makes the risk of accidental overdose very high. In 2024, the CBSA made 28,325 illegal drug seizures, including 4.9 kilograms of fentanyl. For the latest statistics on CBSA's enforcement action seizures, visit Canada Border Services Agency seizures. On February 11, Prime Minister Justin Trudeau announced the appointment of Kevin Brosseau as Canada's Fentanyl Czar. Mr. Brosseau will work closely with U.S. counterparts and law enforcement agencies to accelerate Canada's ongoing work to detect, disrupt, and dismantle the fentanyl trade. The CBSA's response to the opioid crisis includes working with domestic and international law enforcement partners to identify and apprehend individuals, groups, and businesses that are suspected to be involved in the cross border movement of illicit drugs and substances. The CBSA also works with Health Canada in monitoring new and emerging threats of non-regulated substances that may be used for the illegal production of controlled substances, which can lead to scheduling of these chemicals under the Controlled Drugs and Substances Act. Canada's Border Plan is backed by an investment of $1.3 billion and built around five pillars: detecting and disrupting the fentanyl trade; new tools for law enforcement; enhancing operational coordination; increasing information sharing, and minimizing unnecessary border volumes. Contact the Border Watch Line to report suspicious cross-border activities using our secure web form or by calling 1-888-502-9060 toll-free. Follow us on X (@CanBorder), Instagram (@CanBorder), and join us on Facebook or visit our YouTube channel. SOURCE Canada Border Services Agency WANT YOUR COMPANY'S NEWS FEATURED ON PRNEWSWIRE.COM? 440k+ Newsrooms & Influencers 9k+ Digital Media Outlets 270k+ Journalists Opted In GET STARTED

Executive Change

21 Feb 2025

·www.drugs.com

OD Deaths Decline in U.S., Driven By Drop In Opioid Fatalities

FRIDAY, Feb. 21, 2025 -- America’s opioid crisis is showing signs of subsiding, a new report from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) says. Drug overdose deaths (OD) decreased by 4% between 2022 and 2023, according to the CDC’s National Center for Health Statistics. The overall OD death rate fell from 32.6 deaths per 100,000 people in 2022 to 31.3 deaths per 100,000 in 2023, the CDC says. This reduction was driven by a decline in OD deaths related to opioids, the report says. “Nationally, between 2022 and 2023, the age-adjusted rate of drug overdose deaths decreased for deaths involving any opioid and synthetic opioids other than methadone (which includes fentanyl ),” concluded the team led by senior researcher Arialdi Minino , a CDC statistician. However, OD deaths increased among users of stimulant drugs like methamphetamine and cocaine, researchers noted. Across the country, drug OD deaths decreased in 20 states and did not change significantly in 25 states, researchers found. The death rate increased in six states: Alabama, Alaska, California, Nevada, Oregon and Washington. Changes in OD death rates varied between states based on specific drug types, the report says: West Virginia (81.9 deaths per 100,000), the District of Columbia (60.7), Delaware (53), Tennessee (52.3), and Louisiana (50.6) had the highest OD death rates in the U.S. in 2023, researchers said. The states with the lowest rates were Nebraska (9 deaths per 100,000), South Dakota (11.2), Iowa (14.9), North Dakota (16.4), Montana (17.1), Arkansas (17.7), and Texas (18.5). Whatever your topic of interest, subscribe to our newsletters to get the best of Drugs.com in your inbox.

10 Feb 2025

·www.globenewswire.com

Intelligent Bio Solutions Releases Shareholder Letter Detailing 2024 Growth and 2025 U.S. Expansion Strategy

Company highlights key milestones achieved in 2024, growing revenues and progress towards U.S. expansion in 2025NEW YORK, Feb. 10, 2025 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Intelligent Bio Solutions Inc. (Nasdaq: INBS) (“INBS” or the “Company”), a medical technology company delivering intelligent, rapid, non-invasive testing solutions, today issued a letter to shareholders from Harry Simeonidis, President and CEO, reflecting on a year of growth in 2024 and its strategic path forward into the multi-billion dollar U.S. market in 2025. Dear Shareholders, As we begin 2025, I wanted to take the opportunity to recap on the progress we made in 2024 and key upcoming catalysts including our planned entrance into the multi-billion dollar U.S. market. 2024 was a pivotal year for the Company, in which we met several critical milestones. In particular, we made significant progress towards entering the rapidly growing U.S. drug screening market. With the submittal of our 510(k) pre-market notification to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (“FDA”) completed in December 2024, we remain on track to enter this exciting market in 2025. We believe the potential total addressable market in the U.S. for our Intelligent Fingerprinting Drug Testing Solution is substantial. Market research shows that the U.S. accounted for approximately 28% of the global drug screening market in 2023, reinforcing its position as one of the largest markets globally.1 The latest Quest Diagnostics Drug Testing Index report highlights key trends that demonstrate the relevance of our product to U.S. employers. Marijuana positivity rates in the general U.S. workforce have risen by 4.7% over the past year and by a huge 45% over the past five years, signalling growing demand for effective drug testing solutions. Further, cocaine positivity in the general U.S. workforce increased by 9.1% in 2023.2 The rising positivity rates, particularly in safety-sensitive industries, show the need for effective testing methods like our Drug Screening System. Taking a global view, the drug screening products market is projected to reach almost $15 billion in the next six years, presenting significant growth opportunities for the Company.3 INBS is well-positioned to take advantage of this growth trajectory and increasing demand for fast, efficient and accurate drug-screening solutions. In fiscal 2024, we achieved substantial revenue growth through strong adoption of our drug screening technology. Our fiscal 2024 revenues grew 148% year-over-year, with our expanding sales and distribution network allowing us to meet rising global demand. INBS has an established and diversified customer base worldwide, with over 400 accounts in 19 countries. Globally, this amounts to an estimated customer employee base of 1.4 million employees.4 We are excited to build upon this success and execute on our U.S. expansion plans. In November 2024, we announced the results of our Pharmacokinetic (PK) and Method Comparison studies, both of which were crucial to progress our FDA 510(k) submission. We were pleased to report the PK study results demonstrated that fingerprint sweat provides a reliable sample matrix for drug detection, showing quantitative data closely aligned to blood, based on statistical comparisons made at the 95% confidence level. Similarly, the Method Comparison Study demonstrated approximately 94% accuracy, confirming the reliability and usability of our System, and validating its potential for use in workplace drug testing and other applications. With rising substance abuse cases, more stringent regulations, and an increased focus on workplace safety, we anticipate we will see growing demand for faster, non-invasive testing, like our Intelligent Fingerprinting Drug Testing Solution. Recent data released by Quest Diagnostics revealed that drug test tampering in the U.S. workforce increased six-fold in 2023 compared to 2022, the highest rate recorded in over 30 years of data.5 This means potentially impaired employees go undetected, presenting significant safety risks in the workplace. INBS’ innovative technology tackles the issue of drug test integrity with lockable, tamper-proof seals and a fully witnessed procedure, eliminating the risk of tampering. Our plan to enter the U.S. market capitalizes on these trends, positioning our product as a rapid, accurate, non-invasive alternative to traditional methods. The demand we have seen from our growing number of accounts is testament to the effectiveness of our product, which is revolutionizing portable testing. Our Intelligent Fingerprinting Drug Screening System screens for drugs of abuse through fingerprint sweat analysis. It is a highly accurate, hygienic, pain-free and cost-effective method, with sample collection in seconds and results in under ten minutes. This sets us apart from traditional testing methods, such as saliva and urine testing, which can be slow, invasive, and less cost-effective. Our recently announced preliminary results for the fiscal second quarter ended December 31, 2024, demonstrate the progress we are making in improving our gross profit margins. We expect to report unaudited revenue of approximately $0.61 million for the three months and $1.48 million for the six months ended December 31, 2024. Notably, our gross profit is anticipated to increase 32.6% from $0.43 million to $0.57 million and gross profit margin to grow to 38.5% from 27.7% for the six months ended December 31, 2024. Our strategic focus on higher-margin cartridge sales has driven a significant 11-point expansion in gross profit margin, with cartridge sales expected to continue to outpace reader sales, thereby becoming a primary source of recurring revenue with a higher profit margin. These results show our upward trajectory and the strength of our business model. Our current customer segments include construction, manufacturing and engineering, transport and logistics, mining, drug treatment, law enforcement and forensics. The system screens for recent use of drugs commonly found in the workplace, including opiates, cocaine, methamphetamine, and cannabis; however, the fingerprint sweat analysis technology has the potential for broader application in additional fields. We believe there are further areas of the market to penetrate as our technology is a valuable tool for employers in any safety-critical industry. The market for our drug-testing solution is growing substantially, and by addressing the unique requirements of safety-critical industries, as well as aligning with the wide market demand for rapid, advanced drug testing solutions, we believe we are well-positioned to capture a share of this global market. Finally, I would like to thank our shareholders for their continued support as we carry out our commitment to providing innovative, effective, and non-invasive testing solutions. Sincerely, Harry SimeonidisPresident and CEO About Intelligent Bio Solutions Inc.Intelligent Bio Solutions Inc. (NASDAQ: INBS) is a medical technology company delivering innovative, rapid, non-invasive testing solutions. The Company believes that its Intelligent Fingerprinting Drug Screening System will revolutionize portable testing through fingerprint sweat analysis, which has the potential for broader applications in additional fields. Designed as a hygienic and cost-effective system, the test screens for the recent use of drugs commonly found in the workplace, including opiates, cocaine, methamphetamine, and cannabis. With sample collection in seconds and results in under ten minutes, this technology would be a valuable tool for employers in safety-critical industries. The Company’s current customer segments outside the US include construction, manufacturing and engineering, transport and logistics firms, drug treatment organizations, and coroners. For more information, visit: http://www.ibs.inc/ Forward-Looking Statements: Some of the statements in this release are forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, which involve risks and uncertainties. Forward-looking statements in this press release include, without limitation, Intelligent Bio Solutions Inc.'s ability to successfully develop and commercialize its drug and diagnostic tests, realize commercial benefit from its partnerships and collaborations, and secure regulatory approvals, among others. Although Intelligent Bio Solutions Inc. believes that the expectations reflected in such forward-looking statements are reasonable as of the date made, expectations may prove to have been materially different from the results expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. Intelligent Bio Solutions Inc. has attempted to identify forward-looking statements by terminology, including "believes," "estimates," "anticipates," "expects," "plans," "projects," "intends," "potential," "may," "could," "might," "will," "should," "approximately" or other words that convey uncertainty of future events or outcomes to identify these forward-looking statements. These statements are only predictions and involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties, and other factors, included in Intelligent Bio Solutions' public filings filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Any forward-looking statements contained in this release speak only as of its date. Intelligent Bio Solutions undertakes no obligation to update any forward-looking statements contained in this release to reflect events or circumstances occurring after its date or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events. Company Contact:Intelligent Bio Solutions Inc.info@ibs.incLinkedIn | Twitter Investor & Media Contact:Valter Pinto, Managing DirectorKCSA Strategic CommunicationsPH: (212) 896-1254INBS@kcsa.com Hyperlinks and website references in this release are provided for convenience only and do not incorporate the referenced content into this release. 1 Grand View Research. U.S. Drug Screening Market Size & Outlook 2023-2030. Available at: https://www.grandviewresearch.com/horizon/outlook/drug-screening-market/united-states2 Quest Diagnostics. 2024 Drug Testing Index Report. Available at: https://www.questdiagnostics.com/business-solutions/employers/drug-screening/knowledge-center/drug-testing-index3 Research and Markets 2025. Drug Screening – Global Strategic Business Report. Available at: https://www.researchandmarkets.com/reports/4804177/drug-screening-global-strategic-business-report4 The customer employee base estimate of 1.4 million employees was derived by aggregating publicly available data on the total number of employees for each INBS customer. Where employee ranges were provided, the midpoints were used for calculation. This estimate excludes customers for whom employee data is not publicly available. The total represents all employees within these organizations, including those who will not be tested using the Intelligent Fingerprinting Drug Screening System. The Company does not have the data to incorporate the percentage of employees tested using the Intelligent Fingerprinting Drug Screening System at each INBS customer. The growing customer employee base is a basic indication of the increased utilization of the Intelligent Fingerprinting Drug Screening System. The nature of work performed by certain employees or restrictions in specific jurisdictions may mean that drug testing is not necessary or applicable for all employees.5 Quest Diagnostics. 2024 Drug Testing Index Report. Available at: https://www.questdiagnostics.com/business-solutions/employers/drug-screening/knowledge-center/drug-testing-index

Financial Statement

100 Deals associated with Methamphetamine(The University of Montana)

External Link

KEGG	Wiki	ATC	Drug Bank
D08187	Methamphetamine(The University of Montana)	N06BA03	DB01577

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Indication	Highest Phase	Country/Location	Organization	Date
Brain Injuries	Phase 1	United States	Sinapis Pharma, Inc.	-
Brain Injuries	Phase 1	-	Sinapis Group	-
Brain Injuries	Phase 1	-	The University of Montana	-
Stroke	Phase 1	United States	Sinapis Pharma, Inc.	-
Stroke	Phase 1	-	The University of Montana	-
Stroke	Phase 1	-	Sinapis Group	-

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Study	Phase	Population	Analyzed Enrollment	Group	Results	Evaluation	Publication Date


ATS2024	Not Applicable	Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension	-	Continued Methamphetamine Usage	pjmmltxnzh(cxglqnmczb) = jycyswraox xxksszevbs (wsswmdmdpb )	-	19 May 2024
				Abstinence from Methamphetamine	pjmmltxnzh(cxglqnmczb) = hxsixmkcqz xxksszevbs (wsswmdmdpb )
ATS2023	Not Applicable	Multiple Organ Failure	-	Amphetamines	ddmhmndcax(qvvgqvkvzk) = mekeenodwt wxfuugnuhx (jchxgoyqyd )	-	21 May 2023
ATS2021	Not Applicable	Associated Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension	-	Active Methamphetamine Use	esmdqzhxsl(anbjgxwvjy) = ynggxljctq erozrseajt (xqmedepyeb ) View more	-	03 May 2021
				Abstaining from Methamphetamines	esmdqzhxsl(anbjgxwvjy) = tefbbqlxbn erozrseajt (xqmedepyeb ) View more
ESC2019	Not Applicable	Cardiomyopathy, Dilated	-	methamphetamine	kblxmkjseg(hquxzudvlf) = vnkovatidh srhqopjcci (lfrteenwvy ) View more	-	02 Sep 2019
ISC2019	Not Applicable	Cerebral Hemorrhage methamphetamines	596	Patients with UDS for methamphetamines	srecpdzdim(hygyanooec) = shvzwoczbc igvubjzmab (tucommdakx )	-	01 Feb 2019
				Patients without UDS for methamphetamines	srecpdzdim(hygyanooec) = bvnsbnelqz igvubjzmab (tucommdakx )
MDS2017	Not Applicable	-	-	Methamphetamine users (males)	qwtuqmcvii(ohgmqipieq) = xylnmvukdi wevilobgeu (djzshfdkrc )	-	04 Jun 2017
				Methamphetamine users (females)	qwtuqmcvii(ohgmqipieq) = pgnqwdpirr wevilobgeu (djzshfdkrc )
AAN2017	Not Applicable	Cerebral Hemorrhage methamphetamine positive toxicology screen	-	methamphetamine	qbshejknkf(yykmdzrlox) = jebocedezu qkrvxdehkg (shssuwunvn )	Positive	18 Apr 2017
SFN2014	Not Applicable	-	-	methamphetamine (Adolescents)	tyvxkiqwes(ugzdpfuslq) = cvzhbfoxna ywwbjsxudh (qgzkqzbuky )	-	19 Nov 2014
				methamphetamine (Adults)	tyvxkiqwes(ugzdpfuslq) = jknfimrpsn ywwbjsxudh (qgzkqzbuky )
SFN2013	Not Applicable	Parkinson Disease	-	Methamphetamine self-administration	dtxdhcnuxw(mnvglfbpjl) = abxxmsmwgt wymczhdwxn (zopacpumnv )	-	10 Nov 2013
SFN2011	Not Applicable	Methamphetamine dependence	-	Methamphetamine-paired cues	dciunclzen(fqfxfcibob) = substantial increases in 50, but not 22, kHz USVs were recorded during reinstatement ejqsvknntt (nishlaesnr ) View more	-	16 Nov 2011
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Methamphetamine(The University of Montana)

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