Delving into the Latest Updates on Arundic acid with Synapse

Overview

Basic Info

Drug Type

Small molecule drug

Synonyms

(2R)-2-propyloctanoic acid, Arocyte Injection, Arundic acid (JAN/INN)

+ [7]

Target

COX-2 x Free radicals x NOS2

Mechanism

COX-2 inhibitors(Cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors), Free radicals inhibitors, NOS2 inhibitors(Nitric oxide synthase, inducible inhibitors)

Therapeutic Areas

Nervous System DiseasesCardiovascular DiseasesEndocrinology and Metabolic Disease+ [2]

Active Indication-

Inactive Indication

Acute Ischemic StrokeAlzheimer DiseaseAmyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis+ [4]

Originator Organization

Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.

Active Organization-

Inactive Organization

Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.

Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp.Ono Pharma USA, Inc.

Drug Highest PhaseDiscontinuedPhase 2/3

First Approval Date-

Regulation-

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Structure/Sequence

Molecular FormulaC11H22O2

InChIKeyYCYMCMYLORLIJX-SNVBAGLBSA-N

CAS Registry185517-21-9

1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3), affects enteric glial cells (EGCs) activity, but the mechanism is still unknown. The current study aimed to explore whether 1,25(OH)2D3 could regulate EGCs activity via butyrate pathway in a high-fat diet model. Male C57BL/6 J mice were fed with standard diet (SDD), or vitamin-D-deficient diet (VDD), or high-fat diet (HFD), or HFD plus sodium butyrate (SBR), or HFD plus 1,25(OH)2D3, or HFD plus S100B inhibitor ONO-2506 in vivo. CRL-2690 and Caco-2 cells were treated with palmitic acid (PA) and oleic acid (OA) complex, or S100B, or S100B plus butyric acid (BA) in vitro. 25(OH)D3, 1,25(OH)2D3, TNF-α and S100B concentrations were assayed by enzyme-linked immuno- sorbent assay (ELISA). Colonic mucosal permeability was measured by using FITC-dextran 4 kDa. Colonic butyrate was detected using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The results showed HFD decreased serum 25(OH)D3 and 1,25(OH)2D3 concentrations and colonic butyrate generation. 1,25(OH)2D3 supplementation raised butyrate production in the colon. 1,25(OH)2D3 and sodium butyrate supplementation inhibited EGCs to produce S100B and reduced colonic permeability to FITC-dextran. Inhibition of S100B pathway by ONO- 2506 decreased colonic hyperpermeability. In vitro experiments showed butyrate treatment not only reduced S100B and TNF-α secretion from PA/OA-treated CRL-2690 cells, but also decreased the permeability of S100B-treated Caco-2 cells. Collectively, 1,25(OH)2D3 elicited butyrate to suppress EGCs activation, which helped to prevent intestinal barrier injury.

01 Jul 2023·Neuroscience

ONO-2506 Can Delay Levodopa-induced Dyskinesia in the Early Stage

Article

Author: Cao, Xuebing ; Lian, Piaopiao ; Yuan, Yuhao ; Zhang, Xiaoqian ; Xu, Yan ; Wu, Yi

BACKGROUNDLevodopa-induced dyskinesia (LID) is a common motor complication of levodopa (L-DOPA) treatment for Parkinson's disease (PD). In recent years, the role of astrocytes in LID has increasingly attracted attention.OBJECTIVETo explore the effect of an astrocyte regulator (ONO-2506) on LID in a rat model and the potential underlying physiological mechanism.METHODSUnilateral LID rat models, established by administering 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) into the right medial forebrain bundle through stereotactic injection, were injected with ONO-2506 or saline into the striatum through brain catheterization and were administered L-DOPA to induce LID. Through a series of behavioral experiments, LID performance was observed. Relevant indicators were assessed through biochemical experiments.RESULTSIn the LID model of 6-OHDA rats, ONO-2506 significantly delayed the development and reduced the degree of abnormal involuntary movement in the early stage of L-DOPA treatment and increased glial fibrillary acidic protein and glutamate transporter 1 (GLT-1) expression in the striatum compared to saline. However, there was no significant difference in the improvement in motor function between the ONO-2506 and saline groups.CONCLUSIONSONO-2506 delays the emergence of L-DOPA-induced abnormal involuntary movements in the early stage of L-DOPA administration, without affecting the anti-PD effect of L-DOPA. The delaying effect of ONO-2506 on LID may be linked to the increased expression of GLT-1 in the rat striatum. Interventions targeting astrocytes and glutamate transporters are potential therapeutic strategies to delay the development of LID.

01 May 2023·Acta Neuropathologica

Spinal astrocyte dysfunction drives motor neuron loss in late-onset spinal muscular atrophy

Article

Author: Kleinschnitz, Christoph ; Hezel, Stefanie ; Steffen, Rebecca ; Leo, Markus ; Schara-Schmidt, Ulrike ; Hagenacker, Tim ; Roos, Andreas ; Schmitt, Linda-Isabell ; David, Christina

AbstractSpinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a progressive neuromuscular disorder caused by a loss of the survival of motor neuron 1 (SMN1) gene, resulting in a loss of spinal motor neurons (MNs), leading to muscle weakness and wasting. The pathogenesis of MN loss in SMA and the selective vulnerability in different cellular populations are not fully understood. To investigate the role of spinal astrocytes in the pathogenesis of late-onset SMA, we used a mouse model in addition to in vitro approaches. Immunostaining, Western blot analysis, small interfering ribonucleic acid (siRNA) transfections, functional assays, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), behavioral tests, and electrophysiological measurements were performed. Early activation of spinal astrocytes and a reduction of the excitatory amino acid transporter 1 (EAAT1) on postnatal day (P) 20 preceded the loss of spinal MNs in SMA mice occurring on P42. EAAT1 reduction resulted in elevated glutamate levels in the spinal cord of SMA mice at P20 and P42. SMA-like astrocytes generated by siRNA and an ex vivo model of glutamate excitotoxicity involving organotypic spinal cord slice cultures revealed the critical role of glutamate homeostasis in the degeneration of MNs. The pre-emptive administration of arundic acid (AA), as an inhibitor of astrocyte activation, to SMA mice prior to the loss of motor neurons (P28) resulted in elevated EAAT1 protein levels compared to vehicle-treated SMA mice and prevented the increase of glutamate in the spinal cord and the loss of spinal MNs. Furthermore, AA preserved motor functions during behavioral experiments, the electrophysiological properties, and muscle alteration of SMA mice. In a translational approach, we transfected healthy human fibroblasts with SMN1 siRNA, resulting in reduced EAAT1 expression and reduced uptake but increased glutamate release. These findings were verified by detecting elevated glutamate levels and reduced levels of EAAT1 in cerebrospinal fluid of untreated SMA type 2 and 3 patients. In addition, glutamate was elevated in serum samples, while EAAT1 was not detectable. Our data give evidence for the crucial role of spinal astrocytes in the pathogenesis of late-onset SMA, a potential driving force for MN loss by glutamate excitotoxicity caused by EAAT1 reduction as an early pathophysiological event. Furthermore, our study introduces EAAT1 as a potential therapeutic target for additional SMN-independent therapy strategies to complement SMN-enhancing drugs.

100 Deals associated with Arundic acid

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External Link

KEGG	Wiki	ATC	Drug Bank
D06296	-	-	DB05343

R&D Status

10 top R&D records.

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Indication	Highest Phase	Country/Location	Organization	Date
Muscle Weakness	Phase 3	AT	Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.	01 Nov 2006
Muscle Weakness	Phase 3	BE	Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.	01 Nov 2006
Muscle Weakness	Phase 3	DE	Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.	01 Nov 2006
Alzheimer Disease	Phase 3	US	Ono Pharma USA, Inc.	01 Jun 2004
Alzheimer Disease	Phase 3	CA	Ono Pharma USA, Inc.	01 Jun 2004
Parkinson Disease	Phase 3	-	Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.	01 Jan 2004
Acute Ischemic Stroke	Phase 3	CA	Ono Pharma USA, Inc.	01 Nov 2002
Acute Ischemic Stroke	Phase 3	US	Ono Pharma USA, Inc.	01 Nov 2002
Acute Ischemic Stroke	Phase 3	CA	Ono Pharma USA, Inc.	01 Nov 2002
Acute Ischemic Stroke	Phase 3	US	Ono Pharma USA, Inc.	01 Nov 2002