Delving into the Latest Updates on Salvianolic acid A with Synapse

The farnesoid X receptor (FXR) is a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Salvia miltiorrhiza, a traditional Chinese medicine, has demonstrated significant efficacy in the prevention and treatment of liver diseases. Consequently, investigating the potential effects of Salvia miltiorrhiza on FXR could provide new insights for NAFLD treatment. This study explores whether active ingredients from Salvia miltiorrhiza can target FXR and serve as therapeutic agents for treating NAFLD. The findings revealed that cynaroside and lithospermic acid displayed strong FXR antagonistic activity, with IC₅₀ values of 5.41 ± 1.08 μM and 16.92 ± 2.68 μM, respectively. Salvianolic acid A also showed moderate activity (IC₅₀ = 56.35 ± 4.54 μM). MTT assays demonstrated that these three compounds were non-toxic to HepG2 and LO2 cells at a concentration of 200 μM. Molecular dynamics simulations were conducted to elucidate the interaction mechanisms of cynaroside and lithospermic acid with FXR. These results suggest that cynaroside and lithospermic acid from Salvia miltiorrhiza may be potential candidates for targeting FXR in treating NAFLD.

01 Aug 2025·Talanta

Intelligent characterization multi-components in Yangxinshi tablet by online comprehensive two-dimensional liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry combined with deep learning-assisted mass defect filtering classification and multidimensional data annotation strategy

Article

Author: Du, Kunze ; Li, Jin ; Chen, Shujing ; Chang, Yanxu ; Zhang, Lili ; Wei, Wei ; Wen, Jiake ; Wang, Xiaoyan ; Xu, Jixiang

A comprehensive characterization strategy for the intelligent analysis of multiple chemical components in Yangxinshi Tablet (YXST) was established. The strategy developed the deep learning-assisted mass defect filtering intelligent classification, preferred ions capture list and active exclusion (DLA-MDF-PIL-AE) data acquisition mode by online comprehensive two-dimensional liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (2DLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS). Firstly, the online 2DLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS system was constructed and the orthogonality was evaluated. Secondly, the user interface for deep learning-assisted MDF intelligent classification technology was developed and applied to compounds classification to generate preferred ion capture lists of various types compounds. Finally, molecular networking (MN), associated neutral loss (NL) fragments, and characteristic diagnosis ion (CDI) were utilized for the automatic and manual annotation of compounds, respectively. As a result, a total of 228 compounds including 80 flavanoids, 52 alkaloids, 36 phenolic acids, 15 terpenoids, 17 saponins and 28 others were preliminary identified from YXST and source attribution was assigned to them. Furthermore, 39 compounds were simultaneously quantified by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) method. Conclusively, the proposed integrated strategy proved to be a powerful method for characterizing multiple components in complex natural products.

01 Jul 2025·Phytomedicine

Xiongshao Zhitong granules alleviate nitroglycerin-induced migraine by regulating the TRPV1-mediated NLRP3 inflammatory pathway in rats

Article

Author: Wang, Yuxi ; Li, Qian ; Xu, Wenhui ; Liu, Xiaoyao ; Wang, Yao ; Wang, Ting ; Chen, Cong ; Yang, Song ; Wang, Xiaozhu ; Gao, Jian ; Wang, Weiling

BACKGROUNDMigraine is a prevalent neurological disorder accompanied by a considerable economic burden. Xiongshao Zhitong granules (XSZT) have anti-inflammatory and analgesic functions in the clinic and are used for migraine therapy. However, the mechanisms by which XSZT treats migraine remain unclear.PURPOSETo discover the underlying mechanism and active ingredients of XSZT in the treatment of migraine.METHODSThe nitroglycerin (NTG)-induced chronic migraine (CM) model was established and used to detect the therapeutic effect of XSZT on migraine. To elucidate the mechanism, we detected transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) -mediated NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation in the CM rat model and the LPS-induced inflammatory BV-2 cell model using Western blotting, immunofluorescence and ELISA techniques. The potentially active ingredients of XSZT were determined by UHPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap MS, molecular docking, and surface plasmon resonance.RESULTSOur findings revealed that XSZT reduced the number of head scratching, increased the periorbital pain threshold and shortened the time spent in the dark box, decreased c-Fos expression in the CM rat model, suggesting an analgesic effect of XSZT on migraine. XSZT inhibited neurogenic inflammation, including downregulating CGRP, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-18 levels and decreasing the degranulation rate of mast cells. Additionally, XSZT suppressed the expression and activation of TRPV1 and the NLRP3 inflammasome in the trigeminal nucleus caudalis. In vitro experiments confirmed that activated TRPV1 increased the level of the NLRP3 inflammasome by increasing intracellular calcium levels. Galloylpaeoniflorin, isogastrin, ellagic acid and salvianolic acid A interacted with TRPV1 and inhibited IL-1β secretion.CONCLUSIONXSZT plays a therapeutic role in migraine through regulating TRPV1-mediated NLRP3 inflammatory activation and galloylpaeoniflorin, isogastrin, ellagic acid and salvianolic acid A might be the active ingredients of XSZT, which provides an experimental basis for the clinical treatment of migraine.

100 Deals associated with Salvianolic acid A

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Indication	Highest Phase	Country/Location	Organization	Date
Diabetic peripheral neuropathy	Phase 2	China	Institute of Materia Medica	11 May 2021
Acute Chest Syndrome	Phase 1	China	Shanghai Pharmaceuticals Holding Co., Ltd.	21 Jul 2022
Diabetic Nephropathies	Phase 1	-	Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences	-
Peripheral Nervous System Diseases	Phase 1	-	Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences	-
Endothelial dysfunction	Preclinical	China	Zhejiang Chinese Medical University	24 May 2024
Diabetic peripheral neuropathy	Discovery	China	Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences	11 May 2021
Angina Pectoris	Discovery	China	Shanghai Pharmaceuticals Holding Co., Ltd.	29 Nov 2018
Angina Pectoris	Discovery	China	Beijing Bencao Tianyuan Medicine Research Institute	29 Nov 2018
Angina Pectoris	Discovery	China	Chia Tai Qingchunbao Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.	29 Nov 2018