Delving into the Latest Updates on Salvianolic acid A with Synapse

Overview

Basic Info

Drug Type

Small molecule drug

Synonyms

丹参酚酸A

Target

STING x miR-204-5p

Action

inhibitors

Mechanism

STING inhibitors(Stimulator of interferon genes inhibitors), miR-204-5p inhibitors(miR-204-5p inhibitors), Epigenetic drug

Therapeutic Areas

Nervous System DiseasesCongenital DisordersEndocrinology and Metabolic Disease+ [8]

Active Indication

Acute Chest SyndromeDiabetic NephropathiesPeripheral Nervous System Diseases+ [6]

Inactive Indication

Angina PectorisDiabetic peripheral neuropathy

Originator Organization

Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences

Active Organization

Yantai Yantaishan Hospital

Shanghai Pharmaceuticals Holding Co., Ltd.

China Pharmaceutical University

+ [4]

Inactive Organization

Institute of Materia MedicaChia Tai Qingchunbao Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.

Beijing Bencao Tianyuan Medicine Research Institute

License Organization-

Drug Highest PhasePhase 1

First Approval Date-

Regulation-

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Structure/Sequence

Molecular FormulaC26H22O10

InChIKeyYMGFTDKNIWPMGF-UCPJVGPRSA-N

CAS Registry96574-01-5

Salvianolic acid A (SAA) is a water-soluble phenolic acid compound with high biological activity, which is widely used in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. In this paper, we report a strategy for synthesizing surface molecularly imprinted nonwoven fabrics (SMI-PP) for the adsorption of SAA from aqueous solution using 3-acryloylaminophenylboronic acid, 1-vinylimidazole, and methacrylamido propyl trimethyl ammonium chloride as functional monomers. The adsorption kinetics conformed to a pseudo-second-order kinetic model, and the adsorption equilibrium could be reached within 24 h at 298.15 K with high adsorption selectivity. The maximum adsorption amount was found to be 89.847 mg/g calculated by Langmuir adsorption model. The adsorption mechanism was investigated in-depth via molecular orbital theory (MOT), electrostatic potential (ESP), independent gradient modeling (IGM), density functional theory (DFT), molecular dynamics (MD)，spectral analysis as well as adsorption model fitting, which can be inferred to involve covalent bond, electrostatic interaction and hydrogen bond. It is shown that SMI-PP is an efficient, highly selective, low-cost and easy-to-operate adsorbent for the effective adsorption and separation of SAA from aqueous solution.

01 Jan 2026·JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY

Metabolic enzyme-mediated pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interactions between Danshen Yin and clopidogrel in normal and acute myocardial infarction rats

Article

Author: Li, Manlin ; Zhang, Sitong ; Xie, Xueqing ; Zeng, Xin ; Cheng, Xuemei ; Wang, Changhong ; Liu, Wenkang ; Lei, Jinchun ; Xiang, Zedong ; Gao, Xuan ; Hu, Xianrun

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE:

Danshen Yin (DSY) as a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula, has been extensively employed as a clinical adjuvant in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, particularly acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Clinical benefits of the combined use of DSY and clopidogrel (Clop) have been documented, yet the mechanism of the combination therapy is still obscure and the herb-drug interactions (HDIs) on pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic of DSY and Clop is unclear.

AIM OF THE STUDY:

This study aims to elucidate the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interactions between DSY and Clop, with a focus on metabolic enzyme regulation, to provide mechanistic insights into their combined therapeutic efficacy in myocardial infarction treatment.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

AMI rat model was established to explore therapeutic effects and pharmacodynamic interactions between DSY and Clop after co-administrations. Then, a rapid, sensitive and reliable UPLC-MS/MS method was developed to determine the dose-related pharmacokinetic interactions between DSY and Clop. Subsequently, the effect of DSY on CYP450 (CYP1A2, CYP2C19, CYP2C9, CYP3A4) and carboxylesterases 1 (CES1) were investigated by cocktail and bioluminescence assays. Finally, primary hepatocytes isolated from rats were utilized to investigate the effects of DSY, its individual herbal components and active constituents on the mRNA expression of the Clop key metabolic enzymes to elucidate the underlying mechanism of HDIs.

RESULTS:

Compared with the monotherapy groups, the combination therapy of DSY with Clop significantly enhanced cardiac function, mitigated pathological damage in cardiac tissue, regulated coagulation indicators, suppressed the maximum platelet aggregation ratio, and led to a decrease in the serum levels of CK-MB, vWF, TXB₂ and β-TG, while increasing the level of 6-Keto-PGF_1α. Besides, the combination of DSY and Clop had no obvious influence on the pharmacokinetic behaviors of the bioactive components of DSY (salvianolic acid B, salvianolic acid A, and danshensu), but significantly altered AUC_0-t and AUC_0-∞ of Clop and clopidogrel active metabolite derivatized (CAMD) in normal and AMI model rats. Correspondingly, the systemic exposure of CAMD relative to that of Clop was increased. DSY was inclined to promote the metabolism of tolbutamide (CYP2C9 substrate) and omeprazole (CYP2C19 substrate), and upregulated the mRNA levels of CYP2C11 and CYP2C22 in rats. Among the main active ingredients of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge, the monarch drug in DSY, salvianolic acid B, salvianolic acid A, tanshinone II_A, cryptotanshinone and tanshinone I elevated the mRNA expression levels of CYP2C11 and CYP2C22.

CONCLUSIONS:

Herein, the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interactions between DSY and Clop were investigated, revealing the promotion of metabolic activation of Clop through DSY bioactive constituents (e.g., salvianolic acid B, salvianolic acid A, tanshinone II_A, cryptotanshinone, tanshinone I) for the first time. This observation is not only expected to provide a new reference and perspective for the synergistic therapy of DSY and Clop, but also served as a helpful strategy of HDIs assessment.

31 Dec 2025·ANNALS OF MEDICINE

Propofol in combination with salvianolic acid A protect against lipopolysaccharide-induced cardiac dysfunction and ferroptosis through activating the SIRT1/FoxO1 signaling under diabetic condition

Article

Author: Han, Hong ; Zhang, Liangqing ; Xia, Zhengyuan ; Yi, Bin ; Zhu, Jianyu ; Chu, Qinjun ; Liu, Xin ; Zhou, Jiaqi ; Huang, Hemeng ; Mo, Guixi ; Han, Kaijia ; Han, Ronghui ; Tang, Jing ; Zhang, Anyuan ; Shao, Yiming ; Ma, Xiwen

BACKGROUND:

This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic potential of a combined low-dose propofol (PPF) and salvianolic acid A (SAA) regimen in mitigating lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced cardiac dysfunction and ferroptosis in diabetic contexts, and to explore the role of the sirtuin 1 (SIRT1)/forkhead box O1 (FoxO1) signaling pathway.

METHODS:

Type 2 diabetes (DM) was induced in mice, followed by LPS administration to induce cardiac injury. The mice were randomly assigned to six groups: control, DM, control + LPS, DM + LPS, DM + LPS + high-dose PPF, and DM + LPS + low-dose PPF + SAA. Cardiac function was assessed via echocardiography, while ferroptosis was evaluated with BODIPY staining and transmission electron microscopy. In vitro, H9c2 cardiomyocytes were treated with high glucose and LPS. Ferroptosis was assessed with FerroOrange and JC-1 staining. Oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokines were measured using ELISA or flow cytometry, and protein expression of key markers was analyzed.

RESULTS:

Diabetes aggravated LPS-induced cardiac injury in mice evidenced as impaired myocardial function, which was concomitant with decreased cardiac expression of SIRT1, FoxO1, and GPX4 proteins; increased production of oxidative stress, pro-inflammatory cytokines, oxidized lipids, and damaged mitochondrial cristae as compared to NC + LPS group. The combined use of PPF and SAA enhanced cardiac SIRT1 and FoxO1 and ameliorated LPS-mediated cardiac dysfunction in diabetic mice, but these beneficial effects were abolished by inhibition of SIRT1 or FoxO1. In vitro, hyperglycemia and LPS-induced cellular injuries were ameliorated by PPF and SAA, respectively. Low dose of PPF in combination with SAA reduced the production of ROS and ferroptosis that were concomitant with increased SIRT1 and FoxO1 expression, effects that were either comparable or superior to those achieved with high-dose PPF alone, but these protective effects were reversed by silencing SIRT1 or FoxO1.

CONCLUSION:

The combination of low-dose PPF and SAA effectively protects against LPS-induced cardiac dysfunction and ferroptosis in diabetic conditions by activating the SIRT1/FoxO1 pathway.

100 Deals associated with Salvianolic acid A

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External Link

KEGG	Wiki	ATC	Drug Bank
-	-	-	DB15246

R&D Status

10 top R&D records.

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Indication	Highest Phase	Country/Location	Organization	Date
Diabetic peripheral neuropathy	Phase 2	China	Institute of Materia Medica	11 May 2021
Diabetic peripheral neuropathy	Phase 2	China	Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences	11 May 2021
Acute Chest Syndrome	Phase 1	China	Shanghai Pharmaceuticals Holding Co., Ltd.	21 Jul 2022
Angina Pectoris	Phase 1	China	Chia Tai Qingchunbao Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.	29 Nov 2018
Angina Pectoris	Phase 1	China	Beijing Bencao Tianyuan Medicine Research Institute	29 Nov 2018
Angina Pectoris	Phase 1	China	Shanghai Pharmaceuticals Holding Co., Ltd.	29 Nov 2018
Diabetic Nephropathies	Phase 1	-	Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences	-
Peripheral Nervous System Diseases	Phase 1	-	Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences	-
Sepsis	Preclinical	China	China Pharmaceutical University	01 Sep 2025
Sciatic Neuropathy	Preclinical	China	Yantai Yantaishan Hospital	25 Apr 2025