Primary Infection of a Male Plasma Donor with Divergent HIV Variants from the Same Source Followed by Rapid Fluctuations in Their Relative Frequency and Viral Recombination

Q4 · MEDICINE

Article

Author: Delwart, Eric L. ; Bernardin, Flavien ; Peddada, Lorraine ; Herring, Belinda L.

The replication of two HIV-1 variants (>4.0% divergent in the env gene) was observed during primary infection of a frequent plasma donor. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that both HIV-1 variants likely originated from the same source. Heteroduplex tracking analysis of the env V3-V5 region indicated that one of these variant emerged in the plasma at the time of seroconversion, 15 days after the initial detection of HIV-1 RNA. Sequencing of the entire protein-coding region of plasma viruses from Days 2, 22, and 31 showed possible regions of recombination in the pol locus occurring within the first month of infection. The very rapid fluctuations of HIV-1 variant frequencies and their recombination during primary infection may reflect changes in their relative fitness in the face of developing immunological responses.

01 Jan 2003·Advances in Biochemical Engineering/BiotechnologyQ4 · ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

Molecular Ecology of Anaerobic Reactor Systems

Q4 · ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

Review

Author: Birgitte Kiær Ahring ; D. Zheng ; H. Jacob Peider Hofman-Bang ; Peter Westermann ; L. Raskin

Anaerobic reactor systems are essential for the treatment of solid and liquid wastes and constitute a core facility in many waste treatment plants. Although much is known about the basic metabolism in different types of anaerobic reactors, little is known about the microbes responsible for these processes. Only a few percent of Bacteria and Archaea have so far been isolated, and almost nothing is known about the dynamics and interactions between these and other microorganisms. This lack of knowledge is most clearly exemplified by the sometimes unpredictable and unexplainable failures and malfunctions of anaerobic digesters occasionally experienced, leading to sub-optimal methane production and wastewater treatment. Using a variety of molecular techniques, we are able to determine which microorganisms are active, where they are active, and when they are active, but we still need to determine why and what they are doing. As genetic manipulations of anaerobes have been shown in only a few species permitting in-situ gene expression studies, the only way to elucidate the function of different microbes is to correlate the metabolic capabilities of isolated microbes in pure culture to the abundance of each microbe in anaerobic reactor systems by rRNA probing. This chapter focuses on various molecular techniques employed and problems encountered when elucidating the microbial ecology of anaerobic reactor systems. Methods such as quantitative dot blot/fluorescence in-situ probing using various specific nucleic acid probes are discussed and exemplified by studies of anaerobic granular sludge, biofilm and digester systems.

01 Jul 2002·ChestQ1 · MEDICINE

Biochemical Efficacy and Safety of a New Pooled Human Plasma α1-Antitrypsin, Respitin

Q1 · MEDICINE

Article

Author: Mark Brantly ; Edward Campbell ; James M. Stocks ; Raed A. Dweik ; Frank Norton ; Farshid Rouhani ; Seta Shahin ; Jack Clausen ; James K. Stoller

BACKGROUNDAugmentation therapy with pooled human plasma-derived alpha(1)-antitrypsin (AAT) has been shown to have biochemical efficacy in restoring serum AAT levels above the protective threshold. Also, clinical efficacy has been suggested.OBJECTIVETo evaluate the bioequivalence of a new solvent detergent-treated preparation of pooled human plasma-derived AAT (proposed name Respitin; Alpha Therapeutic Corporation; Los Angeles, CA) to the commercially available preparation (Prolastin; Bayer Corporation; West Haven, CT), we conducted a randomized controlled trial.METHODSEligible subjects were adults (> 18 years of age) who had never smoked or were ex-smokers, had severe deficiency of AAT, and had fixed airflow obstruction (ie, postbroncholdilator FEV(1) of 30 to 80% of predicted values and/or diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide [DLCO] of < 70% of predicted values with evidence of emphysema on a CT scan). Of the 28 subjects recruited, 26 completed the 12-week comparison. Participants were randomized to receive Respitin (60 mg/kg once weekly; 14 subjects) or Prolastin (60 mg/kg once weekly; 14 subjects), and recipients of Prolastin then crossed over to receive Respitin thereafter for the 24-week duration of the study.RESULTSThe primary efficacy criteria were satisfied for equivalence to comparator (ie, the ratio of mean trough serum levels for Respitin/Prolastin at weeks 8 to 11 exceeded the efficacy criterion [0.905; p = 0.0206] as did the slope of the mean trough level over weeks 11 to 23 [-0.003 micromol per week]). In Respitin recipients, the trough serum antineutrophil elastase capacity at week 7 and at weeks 8 to 11 was also equivalent to the comparator, as was the rise in AAT levels in epithelial lining fluid from baseline to week 7. The levels of urinary elastin degradation products showed little appreciable change for > 24 weeks, and no difference between compared groups was shown through week 12. Adverse events were similarly infrequent in compared groups. Finally, neither spirometry measurements nor DLCO showed a significant change through 24 weeks.CONCLUSIONSWe conclude that this new solvent detergent-treated pooled human plasma-derived AAT (Respitin) demonstrates biochemical equivalence to Prolastin and that this new drug is well-tolerated.

News (Medical) associated with Alpha Therapeutic Corp.

10 Aug 2022

·www.prnewswire.com

Qardio Welcomes New Board Members and Chairman as the Company Continues to Launch Disruptive Technology

The brand is pivoting its mission in healthcare and is eager to see the continued growth it will make with these new additions. SAN FRANCISCO, Aug. 10, 2022 /PRNewswire/ -- Qardio, a leader in connected care with predictive insight for a changing world, is proud to welcome new members to its board: new Chairman Gregory Rich, and board members Dr. David Steinhaus and Leopoldo Zambeletti. Taking over as chairman is Gregory Rich, who has held various positions in the healthcare industry, including Alpha Therapeutic Corporation, and was most recently the President and CEO of Grifols Inc. "Qardio is currently paving the way in regard to patient healthcare," says Rich. "I am honored to continue my work as Chairman in order to further provide better patient care and improve patient outcomes." Joining the board of directors is Dr. David Steinhaus. Steinhaus's vast experience and previous leadership roles include Vice President and General Manager of Heart Failure and Chief Medical Officer of Cardiac Rhythm Management with Medtronic, as well as being a practicing electrophysiologist, and management of medical practices. "The progress Qardio has made in improving its presence in global healthcare has been impressive. I am pleased to be able to help oversee the company's success," says Dr. Steinhaus. Also joining the board is Leopoldo Zambeletti, who has been working in the healthcare sector for nearly 30 years, starting his career at JP Morgan, where he led the Healthcare Investment Banking business in EMEA. He is an independent advisor, executing corporate finance deals for companies worldwide. He sits on various boards and private companies. Currently, Qardio is pivoting its mission to bring improved healthcare not only to consumers but to the healthcare industry as a whole. Most recently, the brand has further expanded its global footprint with recent product developments, such as QardioDirect, and QardioCore. "I am honored to have such a world class team on the board of directors", says Mike Alvarez, CEO. "Qardio continues to launch wearable technology utilizing cloud based Artificial Intelligence to help patients and providers stay healthy. Our recent launches of QardioDirect, an innovative remote vitals monitoring platform and QardioCore, the only FDA approved ambulatory ECG holter and extended holter with dry electrode technology, is just the beginning of an exciting growth period for Qardio." About Qardio Qardio is a medical technology company that operates at the intersection of cardiology and remote monitoring. Qardio's suite of solutions provides improved outcomes for care providers and their patients across a range of care modalities via improved workflows and diagnostic yields, reduced cost, and ease of use. Founded in 2012, Qardio's primary mission is to improve outcomes for adults living with a chronic heart condition, through simplified monitoring and diagnosis. QardioDirect, the remote patient monitoring service is equally suited to primary care and to discrete applications in hypertension, cardiovascular disease, obesity, chronic kidney disease, diabetes, post-surgical care and other chronic care conditions. Our award-winning solutions are available via medical channels and select consumer channels, to deliver the greatest impact. For more information on Qardio, visit . Contact [email protected] SOURCE Qardio

100 Deals associated with Alpha Therapeutic Corp.

100 Translational Medicine associated with Alpha Therapeutic Corp.

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