NEIL2

Last update 23 Jan 2025

Basic Info

Synonyms

DNA glycosylase/AP lyase Neil2, DNA-(apurinic or apyrimidinic site) lyase Neil2, Endonuclease 8-like 2

+ [9]

Introduction

Involved in base excision repair of DNA damaged by oxidation or by mutagenic agents. Has DNA glycosylase activity towards 5-hydroxyuracil and other oxidized derivatives of cytosine with a preference for mismatched double-stranded DNA (DNA bubbles). Has low or no DNA glycosylase activity towards thymine glycol, 2-hydroxyadenine, hypoxanthine and 8-oxoguanine. Has AP (apurinic/apyrimidinic) lyase activity and introduces nicks in the DNA strand. Cleaves the DNA backbone by beta-delta elimination to generate a single-strand break at the site of the removed base with both 3'- and 5'-phosphates.

100 Clinical Results associated with NEIL2

100 Translational Medicine associated with NEIL2

0 Patents (Medical) associated with NEIL2

204

Literatures (Medical) associated with NEIL2

26 Nov 2024·Journal of the Endocrine Society

Phenotypes Associated With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Risk Variants

Article

Author: Tidwell, Anna ; Welt, Corrine K ; Battiola, Tess ; Zhu, Jia

AbstractContextPolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) affects 10% of women of reproductive age. The genetic architecture of the disease is emerging, but there is little data exploring the effect of genetic risk on clinical presentation.ObjectiveWe hypothesized that genetic risk loci would influence measurable phenotypic traits.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study, conducted at an academic medical center, included women of European ancestry with PCOS (n = 404), as diagnosed by the National Institutes of Health criteria, and controls with regular menses and no hyperandrogenism (n = 408). We identified association between genetic risk variants and measured phenotypic traits using linear regression.ResultsIn a combined analysis of cases and controls, 2 variants in loci containing the genes PRSS23 (P < .001) and FSHB (P < .001) were associated with gonadotropin levels. Two variants in loci containing NEIL2/GATA4 (P = .002) and CYP3 (P < .001) were associated with androgen levels. Three variants in loci containing SHBG (P = .001), ZBTB16 (P < .001), and CYP3 (P < .001) were associated with ovarian morphology. One variant in the locus containing FTO (P = .001) was associated with hip circumference and was influenced by body mass index.ConclusionThese results demonstrate that PCOS genetic risk variants may influence hormone levels and ovarian morphology and increase the risk of obesity. Increased genetic risk for PCOS appears to drive traits that underly the classical clinical presentation of PCOS.

01 Jul 2024·European Journal of Pharmacology

Fasudil attenuates oxidative stress-induced partial epithelial-mesenchymal transition of tubular epithelial cells in hyperuricemic nephropathy via activating Nrf2

Article

Author: Li, Weiwei ; Hu, Langtao ; Cao, Yun ; Chen, Yao ; Wei, Jiali ; Wang, Yanni ; Feng, Jianan ; Chen, Ruike

Anti-partial epithelial-mesenchymal transition (pEMT) treatment of renal tubular epithelial cells (TECs) represents a promising therapeutic approach. Hyperuricemia nephropathy (HN) arises as a consequence of hyperuricemia (HUA)-induced tubulointerstitial fibrosis (TIF). Studies have suggested that the Ras homolog member A (RhoA)/Rho-associated kinase (ROCK) pathway is a crucial signaling transduction system in renal fibrosis. Fasudil, a RhoA/ROCK inhibitor, has exhibited the potential to prevent fibrosis progress. However, its impact on the pEMT of TECs in HN remains unclear. Here, an HN rat model and an uric acid (UA)-stimulated human kidney 2 (HK2) cell model were established and treated with Fasudil to explore its effects. Furthermore, the underlying mechanism of action involved in the attenuation of pEMT in TECs by Fasudil during HN was probed by using multiple molecular approaches. The HN rat model exhibited significant renal dysfunction and histopathological damage, whereas in vitro and in vivo experiments further confirmed the pEMT status accompanied by RhoA/ROCK pathway activation and oxidative stress in tubular cells exposed to UA. Notably, Fasudil ameliorated these pathological changes, and this was consistent with the trend of ROCK silencing in vitro. Mechanistically, we identified the Neh2 domain of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) as a target of Fasudil for the first time. Fasudil targets Nrf2 activation and antagonizes oxidative stress to attenuate the pEMT of TECs in HN. Our findings suggest that Fasudil attenuates oxidative stress-induced pEMT of TECs in HN by targeting Nrf2 activation. Thus, Fasudil is a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of HN.

01 Apr 2024·Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis

Functional roles and cancer variants of the bifunctional glycosylase NEIL2

Review

Author: Sweasy, Joann B ; Hua, Anh B

AbstractOver 70,000 DNA lesions occur in the cell every day, and the inability to properly repair them can lead to mutations and destabilize the genome, resulting in carcinogenesis. The base excision repair (BER) pathway is critical for maintaining genomic integrity by repairing small base lesions, abasic sites and single‐stranded breaks. Monofunctional and bifunctional glycosylases initiate the first step of BER by recognizing and excising specific base lesions, followed by DNA end processing, gap filling, and finally nick sealing. The Nei‐like 2 (NEIL2) enzyme is a critical bifunctional DNA glycosylase in BER that preferentially excises cytosine oxidation products and abasic sites from single‐stranded, double‐stranded, and bubble‐structured DNA. NEIL2 has been implicated to have important roles in several cellular functions, including genome maintenance, participation in active demethylation, and modulation of the immune response. Several germline and somatic variants of NEIL2 with altered expression and enzymatic activity have been reported in the literature linking them to cancers. In this review, we provide an overview of NEIL2 cellular functions and summarize current findings on NEIL2 variants and their relationship to cancer.

Analysis

Perform a panoramic analysis of this field.

view full example data

Chat with Hiro

Get started for free today!

Accelerate Strategic R&D decision making with Synapse, PatSnap’s AI-powered Connected Innovation Intelligence Platform Built for Life Sciences Professionals.

Start your data trial now!

Synapse data is also accessible to external entities via APIs or data packages. Empower better decisions with the latest in pharmaceutical intelligence.

Bio

Bio Sequences Search & Analysis

Chemical

Chemical Structures Search & Analysis

NEIL2

Basic Info

Related

Analysis