RSAD2

Last update 08 May 2025

Basic Info

Synonyms

cig5, Cytomegalovirus-induced gene 5 protein, radical S-adenosyl methionine domain containing 2

+ [5]

Introduction

Interferon-inducible antiviral protein which plays a major role in the cell antiviral state induced by type I and type II interferon (PubMed:31812350). Catalyzes the conversion of cytidine triphosphate (CTP) to 3'-deoxy-3',4'-didehydro-CTP (ddhCTP) via a SAM-dependent radical mechanism (PubMed:29925952, PubMed:30872404). In turn, ddhCTP acts as a chain terminator for the RNA-dependent RNA polymerases from multiple viruses and directly inhibits viral replication (PubMed:29925952). Therefore, inhibits a wide range of DNA and RNA viruses, including human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), west Nile virus (WNV), dengue virus, sindbis virus, influenza A virus, sendai virus, vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), zika virus, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) (PubMed:29925952, PubMed:30587778, PubMed:30934824, PubMed:31921110). Promotes also TLR7 and TLR9-dependent production of IFN-beta production in plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) by facilitating 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitination of IRAK1 by TRAF6 (PubMed:30872404). Plays a role in CD4+ T-cells activation and differentiation. Facilitates T-cell receptor (TCR)-mediated GATA3 activation and optimal T-helper 2 (Th2) cytokine production by modulating NFKB1 and JUNB activities. Can inhibit secretion of soluble proteins.

100 Clinical Results associated with RSAD2

100 Translational Medicine associated with RSAD2

0 Patents (Medical) associated with RSAD2

721

Literatures (Medical) associated with RSAD2

01 Jun 2025·Virology

Proliferation of Trionyx sinensis hemorrhagic syndrome virus using primary alveolar macrophages in vitro

Article

Author: Liu, Li ; Dai, Xiaoling ; Shen, Wanli ; Xu, XiaoJun ; Lyu, Sunjian ; Guo, Qi ; Shen, Weifeng ; Shen, Zhihui ; Yuan, Julin ; Zhang, Mingxing

Trionyx Sinensis (Chinese soft-shelled turtle) parotitis manifests as bacterial or viral infections. Viral parotitis often leads to rapid mortality, posing a significant threat to the T. sinensis aquaculture industry. The causative agent of viral parotitis is T. sinensis Hemorrhagic Syndrome Virus (TSHSV). However, due to the lack of sensitive cells, conducting comprehensive studies on this virus is challenging. In this study, primary macrophages were isolated from the lung tissue of juvenile T. sinensis to establish a method for TSHSV proliferation in vitro. Macrophages were isolated using irrigation method. These cells were cultured in M199 medium supplemented with 25 % fetal bovine serum, 100 U/mL penicillin, and 100 μg/mL streptomycin, and incubated at 30 °C in a 5 % CO₂ incubator. Macrophages were initially distinguished through morphological observation and an acidic phosphatase assay. In this study, the changes were observed in macrophages infected with TSHSV, and then RT-qPCR, immunofluorescence, and immunohistochemistry techniques were used to evaluate the sensitivity of macrophages for TSHSV. The results demonstrated that the cells washed out from the lung were predominantly identified as alveolar macrophages. After infection with TSHSV, cytopathic effects were observed. Viral nucleic acid segments could be detected in the infected cells, and the expression of antiviral immune-related genes Mx1, OASL, and RSAD2 was significantly upregulated. Moreover, a large amount of viral protein was expressed within the infected macrophages, indicating viral replication. Our results suggested that the developed approach for isolating and culturing primary alveolar macrophages of turtles can be employed for in vitro cultivation of TSHSV.

01 May 2025·Fish & Shellfish Immunology

Augmentation of antiviral immune response induced by perturbation of CD82 under microgravity condition

Article

Author: Zhang, Nu ; Chen, Jiawei ; Yang, Hui ; Tian, Zhenhao ; Peng, Ruining ; Wang, Sijie ; Zhou, Yidan ; Li, Shun ; Yu, Xiaoyu ; Lu, Longfeng ; Zhang, Yuzhi

Exposure to microgravity has become the primary factor threatening astronauts' health. Immunity is dysregulated rapidly following spaceflight, and reactivation of latent virus has been observed. However, systematic studies and molecular mechanisms of the adverse impact of microgravity on the antiviral immune response are still elusive. As a member of the Tetraspanins family, CD82 participates in the biological process between the cell and the trafficking of cellular transmembrane proteins that interact with many viruses. Herein, we established a ground-based zebrafish model of microgravity to research the embryogenesis processes under space microgravity. In this study, we cloned and validated the open reading frame (ORF) sequence of CD82 homolog and explored the expression profile of CD82 homolog in various zebrafish tissues. Overexpression of zebrafish CD82a increased host IFN1 and vig1 transcription during the spring viremia of carp virus (SVCV) infection. Furthermore, a significant down-regulation of gene expression, including IFN1 and vig1, caused by knockdown of CD82a was observed. Additionally, the knockdown of CD82a significantly upregulated the SVCV replication in the EPC cells. Accordingly, CD82a positively induced the cellular antiviral responses triggered by the SVCV. Moreover, the mRNA level of CD82 homolog was upregulated in vivo and in vitro under simulated microgravity. Collectively, our studies further implied that the high expression of CD82a could modulate innate antiviral immunity in an IFN-independent manner during microgravity conditions.

01 May 2025·Molecular Neurobiology

Identification, Clinical Values, and Prospective Pathway Signaling of Lipid Metabolism Genes in Epilepsy and AED Treatment

Article

Author: Wei, Hong ; Jin, Biao ; Zhao, Kangren ; Yan, Fuling ; Ran, Jing ; Liu, Dandan

The dysregulation of lipid metabolism has been associated with the etiology and progression of the neurological pathology. However, the roles of lipid metabolism and the molecular mechanism in epilepsy and the use of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) are relatively understudied. Gene expression profiles of GSE143272 from blood samples were included for differential analysis, and the lipid metabolism-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses were performed. The STRING database and Cytoscape software were used to establish and visualize protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks. RT-PCR and western blotting were used to verify the expression levels of lipid metabolism-related DEGs in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Eleven lipid metabolism-related DEGs were identified including CXCL8, PTGS2, FOSB, G0S2, HLA-C, CLEC12A, ARG1, ELANE, RSAD2, CTSG, and DEFA1. And among them, five lipid metabolism-related Hub DEGs including CXCL8, PTGS2, ELANE, CTSG, and ARG1 were finally verified in serum samples of epilepsy patients. Moreover, CXCL8 was selected and validated in the epilepsy without AEDs and epilepsy with AEDs. G0S2 was significantly decreased in serum and CSF in epilepsy with AEDs compared to epilepsy without AEDs. Collectively, these findings suggest that lipid metabolism is closely related to epilepsy. This revelation opens up opportunities to further investigate the associated molecular mechanisms and possible therapeutic targets for epilepsy.

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RSAD2

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