Last update 01 Nov 2024

Coma, Post-Head Injury

Last update 01 Nov 2024

Basic Info

Synonyms

Coma, Post Concussive, Coma, Post Head Injury, Coma, Post Trauma

+ [41]

Introduction

Prolonged unconsciousness from which the individual cannot be aroused, associated with traumatic injuries to the BRAIN. This may be defined as unconsciousness persisting for 6 hours or longer. Coma results from injury to both cerebral hemispheres or the RETICULAR FORMATION of the BRAIN STEM. Contributing mechanisms include DIFFUSE AXONAL INJURY and BRAIN EDEMA. (From J Neurotrauma 1997 Oct;14(10):699-713)

Drugs associated with Coma, Post-Head Injury

Meclofenoxate Hydrochloride

Target-

Mechanism-

Active Org.

Kyowa Pharmaceutical Industry Co., Ltd. [+1]

Originator Org.

Kyowa Pharmaceutical Industry Co., Ltd.

Active Indication

Vertigo [+4]

Inactive Indication-

Drug Highest PhaseApproved

First Approval Ctry. / Loc.

First Approval Date22 Oct 2003

Clinical Trials associated with Coma, Post-Head Injury

NCT05195606 / Not yet recruitingNot ApplicableIIT

The Effect of Auditory and Tactile Stimulus on Consciousness, Oxygen Saturation, and Mean Arterial Pressure in Traumatic Coma Patients: A Randomized Controlled Single-Blind Study

This study focused on examining the effects of auditory and tactile stimuli to reduce sensory deprivation on consciousness, oxygen saturation and mean arterial pressure in traumatic coma patients.

Start Date15 Jun 2024

Sponsor / Collaborator

Akdeniz Üniversitesi

NCT06321146 / Not yet recruitingNot ApplicableIIT

Evaluation of EEG Power Spectrum in Patients With Traumatic Coma

Development of objective, reliable, and convenient assessment methods of disorders of consciousness is crucial. We aim to conduct multicenter prospective observational study and non-invasively collect EEG from patients with traumatic coma to analyze the sequential characteristics of EEG power spectrum, and explore their prognostic value for consciousness recovery.

Start Date01 May 2024

Sponsor / Collaborator

Shanghai Renji Hospital

[+2]

NCT05536921 / CompletedNot Applicable

Evaluating the Use of Eye-tracking Technology in the Diagnosis of Neurological Patients, Including Patients With Reduced Consciousness

Demonstrating that diagnostics of the state of consciousness and cognitive functions of patients with consciousness disorders performed using C-Eye X (based on eye-tracking technology) allows a more objective assessment of state of patients who were wrongly diagnosed based on popular methods using in a clinical practice (like behavioural scales on paper forms).

Start Date01 May 2022

Sponsor / Collaborator-

100 Clinical Results associated with Coma, Post-Head Injury

100 Translational Medicine associated with Coma, Post-Head Injury

0 Patents (Medical) associated with Coma, Post-Head Injury

969

Literatures (Medical) associated with Coma, Post-Head Injury

01 Jan 2025·Brain, Behavior, and Immunity

Depression-like behavior is associated with deficits in cognition and hippocampal neurogenesis in a subset of spinally contused male, but not female, rats

Article

Author: Joseph, Rose M. ; Dash, Swapnil ; Madry, Jessica ; Hemphill, Annebel ; Stefanov, Alex ; Guice, Corey ; Joseph, Rose M ; Souza, Karienn A. ; Hook, Michelle A. ; Souza, Karienn A ; Hook, Michelle A ; Brakel, Kiralyn ; Araguz, Kendall ; Rau, Josephina ; Irion, Andrew

Depression and cognitive deficits present at higher rates among people with spinal cord injury (SCI) compared to the general population, yet these SCI comorbidities are poorly addressed. Sex and age appear to play roles in depression incidence, but consensus on the direction of their effects is limited. Systemic and cortical inflammation and disruptions in hippocampal neurogenesis have been identified as potential treatment targets, but a comprehensive understanding of these mechanisms remains elusive. We used a rodent SCI model to interrogate these gaps in knowledge. We examined post-injury depression-like behavior and cognitive deficits, as well as the association between affect, cognition, chronic hippocampal inflammation and hippocampal neurogenesis, in young and middle-aged male and female Sprague-Dawley rats. Depression-like behavior manifested in male and female subsets of SCI rats irrespective of age, at rates commensurate with the incidence of clinical depression. Changes in components of behavior were driven by sex and age, and affective outcomes were independent of common post-injury pathophysiological outcomes including locomotor functional deficits and spinal lesion severity. Interestingly, however, only male depression-like SCI rats exhibited deficits in hippocampal-associated spatial cognition. Neurogenesis was also disrupted in only SCI males in regions of the hippocampus responsible for affective outcomes. Decreased neurogenesis among middle-aged male subjects coincided with increases in numbers of the pro-inflammatory markers CD86 and iNOS, while middle-aged females had increased numbers of cells expressing Iba-1 and anti-inflammatory marker CD206. Overall, the present data suggest that post-SCI depression and cognition may be affected, in part, by sex- and age-dependent changes in hippocampal neurogenesis and inflammation. Hippocampal neurogenesis is a potential target to address psychological wellbeing after SCI, but therapeutic strategies must carefully consider sex and age as biological variables.

01 Oct 2024·Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics

Risk of Acute Compartment Syndrome in Pediatric Patients With Tibial Tubercle Avulsion Fractures: A Retrospective Review

Article

Author: Schiller, Jonathan R ; Canastra, Neal ; Vutescu, Emil Stefan ; Eberson, Craig P ; Boulos, Alexandre ; Cruz, Aristides I ; McKinnon, Samuel ; Bergen, Michael A

Objective:Tibial tubercle avulsion fractures (TTAFs) represent 0.4% to 2.7% of pediatric physeal injuries. These injuries are thought to confer a risk of acute compartment syndrome (ACS), and these patients are often admitted for compartment monitoring and, in many cases, undergo prophylactic fasciotomy. This study sought to review our institution’s experience with TTAF and associated compartment syndrome in pediatric patients.Methods:All patients aged 8 to 18 years with TTAF at our institution from January 1, 2017 to January 1, 2023 were retrospectively reviewed. Patient demographics, injury mechanism, fracture morphology, and postinjury course were reviewed. ACS was diagnosed by clinical exam or necessitating therapeutic compartment fasciotomy.Results:A total of 49 TTAFs in 47 patients were included in the final analysis. The mean age was 14.5 ± 1.2 years (range: 11 to 17), and males were significantly older than females (14.6 ± 1.1 vs 13.3 ± 1.3 y, P = 0.01). The average body mass index was 27.1 ± 7.0, and males had a significantly lower body mass index than females (26.3 ± 6.5 vs 34.1 ± 8.5, P = 0.03). Basketball was the most common mechanism of injury (49%), followed by soccer (13%), football (11%), trampoline (6%), fall (6%), jumping (4%), lacrosse (4%), running (4%), and softball (2%). The Ogden fracture types were as follows: I: 10%; II: 16%; III: 41%; IV: 24%; V: 8%. Thirty-four patients (69%) were admitted to the hospital for at least one night after presentation. Forty-six (96%) underwent surgical fixation an average of 3.5 days after injury. No patients developed ACS during their post-injury or postoperative course. Three patients underwent the removal of hardware. No other complications were observed. The average follow-up duration was 238 days.Conclusions:The results of this study suggest that the risk of ACS in pediatric patients with TTAF may be small enough to allow for same-day discharge after diagnosis or operative management in patients deemed to be sufficiently low risk by clinical judgment.Level of Evidence:Level III—retrospective comparative study.

01 Oct 2024·Annals of Biomedical Engineering

Association of Sport Helmet Status on Concussion Presentation and Recovery in Male Collegiate Student-Athletes

Article

Author: Lempke, Landon B. ; Duma, Stefan ; Eckner, James T. ; Kaminski, Thomas ; Broglio, Steven P. ; Boltz, Adrian J. ; Brooks, Alison ; Pasquina, Paul ; Hazzard, Joseph ; Kelly, Louise ; Susmarski, Adam ; Giza, Christopher ; Clugston, James ; O’Donnell, Patrick ; Ortega, Justus ; Master, Christina ; Buckley, Thomas ; Arbogast, Kristy ; Feigenbaum, Luis ; McCrea, Michael ; Benjamin, Holly ; D’Lauro, Christopher ; Syrydiuk, Reid A. ; Port, Nicholas ; Chandran, Avinash ; McAllister, Thomas W. ; Kontos, Anthony

Sporting helmets contain force attenuating materials which reduce traumatic head injury risk and may influence sport-related concussion (SRC) sequelae. The purpose of this study was to examine the association of sport helmet status with SRC-clinical presentation and recovery trajectories in men's collegiate athletes. Sport helmet status was based on the nature of sports being either helmeted/non-helmeted. 1070 SRCs in helmeted (HELM) sports (Men's-Football, Ice Hockey, and Lacrosse), and 399 SRCs in non-helmeted (NOHELM) sports (Men's-Basketball, Cheerleading, Cross Country/Track & Field, Diving, Gymnastics, Soccer, Swimming, Tennis, and Volleyball) were analyzed. Multivariable negative binomial regression models analyzed associations between sport helmet status and post-injury cognition, balance, and symptom severity, adjusting for covariate effects (SRC history, loss of consciousness, anterograde/retrograde amnesia, event type). Kaplan-Meier curves evaluated median days to: initiation of return to play (iRTP) protocol, and unrestricted RTP (URTP) by sport helmet status. Log-rank tests were used to evaluate differential iRTP/URTP between groups. Two independent multivariable Weibull accelerated failure time models were used to examine differential iRTP and URTP between groups, after adjusting for aforementioned covariates and symptom severity score. Overall, the median days to iRTP and URTP was 6.3 and 12.0, respectively, and was comparable across NOHELM- and HELM-SRCs. Post-injury symptom severity was lower (Score Ratio 0.90, 95%CI 0.82, 0.98), and cognitive test performance was higher (Score Ratio 1.03, 95%CI 1.02, 1.05) in NOHELM-compared to HELM-SRCs. Estimated time spent recovering to iRTP/URTP was comparable between sport helmet status groups. Findings suggest that the grouping of sports into helmeted and non-helmeted show slight differences in clinical presentation but not recovery.

Analysis

Perform a panoramic analysis of this field.

view full example data

Chat with Hiro

Get started for free today!

Accelerate Strategic R&D decision making with Synapse, PatSnap’s AI-powered Connected Innovation Intelligence Platform Built for Life Sciences Professionals.

Start your data trial now!

Synapse data is also accessible to external entities via APIs or data packages. Empower better decisions with the latest in pharmaceutical intelligence.

Bio

Bio Sequences Search & Analysis

Chemical

Chemical Structures Search & Analysis

Coma, Post-Head Injury

Basic Info

Related

Analysis