Last update 01 Nov 2024

Leishmaniasis, Mucocutaneous

Last update 01 Nov 2024

Basic Info

Synonyms

American cutaneous leishmaniasis, American mucocutaneous leishmaniasis, American mucocutaneous leishmaniasis (disorder)

+ [35]

Introduction

A disease characterized by the chronic, progressive spread of lesions from New World cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by species of the L. braziliensis complex to the nasal, pharyngeal, and buccal mucosa some time after the appearance of the initial cutaneous lesion. Nasal obstruction and epistaxis are frequent presenting symptoms.

Drugs associated with Leishmaniasis, Mucocutaneous

Miltefosine

Target-

Mechanism

Signal transduction pathway inhibitors

Active Org.

Knight Therapeutics (USA), Inc.

Originator Org.-

Active Indication

Leishmaniasis, Mucocutaneous [+1]

Inactive Indication-

Drug Highest PhaseApproved

First Approval Ctry. / Loc.

First Approval Date19 Mar 2014

18-Methoxycoronaridine

Target

nAChRα3&β4

Mechanism

α3β4 receptor antagonists [+1]

Active Org.

Mind Medicine (MindMed), Inc. [+2]

Originator Org.

Savant HWP, Inc.

Active Indication

Opioid-Related Disorders [+2]

Inactive Indication

psychological symptoms behavior compulsive behavior addiction

Drug Highest PhasePhase 2

First Approval Ctry. / Loc.-

First Approval Date20 Jan 1800

Clinical Trials associated with Leishmaniasis, Mucocutaneous

NCT06550609 / Not yet recruitingPhase 2IIT

Treatment of Bolivian L Braziliensis Mucosal Leishmaniasis With Inhaled Pentamidine Plus Oral Miltefosine

This is a phase 2 study of the combination of inhaled-pentamidine plus oral miltefosine for Bolivian mucosal leishmaniasis.

Start Date01 Oct 2024

Sponsor / Collaborator-

CTR20242931 / RecruitingPhase 4

一项评估安必速在中国临床实践中的安全性和有效性的前瞻性、观察性、多中心、上市后研究

[Translation] A prospective, observational, multicenter, post-marketing study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of Anbisu in clinical practice in China

评估注射用两性霉素B脂质体（商标：安必速®）在中国成人和1个月至18岁儿童患者中的有效性和安全性。

[Translation]

To evaluate the efficacy and safety of liposomal amphotericin B for injection (trademark: Amphotericin B®) in Chinese adults and pediatric patients aged 1 month to 18 years.

Start Date05 Sep 2024

Sponsor / Collaborator

Gilead Sciences, Inc.

[+2]

NCT06040489 / RecruitingPhase 2/3IIT

Pilot Study: Oral Treatment of American Tegumentary Leishmaniasis (Cutaneous and Mucosal Forms) in the Elderly

Randomised clinical trial comparing oral miltefosine associated with pentoxifylline to intravenous liposomal amphotericin b for the treatment of cutaneous and mucosal leishmaniasis

Start Date22 Jun 2022

Sponsor / Collaborator

University of Brasília

100 Clinical Results associated with Leishmaniasis, Mucocutaneous

100 Translational Medicine associated with Leishmaniasis, Mucocutaneous

0 Patents (Medical) associated with Leishmaniasis, Mucocutaneous

1,505

Literatures (Medical) associated with Leishmaniasis, Mucocutaneous

09 Oct 2024·Cureus

Complicated Mucocutaneous Leishmaniasis With Superimposed Cellulitis in an Immunocompromised Patient: A Case Report

Article

Author: Alhumidi, Ahmed ; Taleb, Hussein ; Alashkar, Abdulrahman H ; Hassan, Mohamed I ; Mukhtar, Islam

Leishmaniasis is a common protozoal infection that could be cutaneous (CL), mucocutaneous (MCL), or visceral. CL, which is the most common form, is typically localized. Therefore, it becomes more difficult to diagnose it when presenting with diffuse lesions. In this case, a 54-year-old man presented with skin lesions involving his trunk, extremities, and face, including the nasal mucosa. His past medical history was remarkable for MCL with synovial leishmaniasis, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). Skin biopsies showed intracytoplasmic leishmania amastigotes; polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was positive for leishmania DNA; and a culture from purulent skin lesions grew Pseudomonas aeruginosa. So, MCL with superimposed cellulitis was diagnosed, and the patient was treated with intravenous liposomal amphotericin B and ceftazidime. Leishmaniasis is an infection that has accurate diagnostic tests and various treatment options. However, the difficulty is in being able to suspect it clinically, as it can mimic a wide range of diseases with cutaneous involvement. Therefore, visual awareness of the spectrum of disease presentations is arguably the most challenging and important skill to acquire in the diagnosis and management of CL. This case represents a rare form of MCL.

04 Sep 2024·The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

Case Report: Cutaneous Leishmaniasis: A Case Series with Intralesional Treatment in Northeast Brazil

Article

Author: Felinto de Brito, Maria Edileuza ; Rapela Medeiros, Ângela Cristina ; de Medeiros, Zulma Maria ; Pereira de Carvalho Meneses, Yana Gabriela

ABSTRACT.In 2022, the Pan American Health Organization recommended the intralesional application (IL) of pentavalent antimonials in adult patients with localized cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) caused by Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis. Other guidelines differ from that recommendation, considering that infections caused by a Leishmania species that can be associated with increased risk for mucosal leishmaniasis, in particular L. (V.) braziliensis, should not be eligible for intralesional treatment. This was a prospective interventional study carried out with eight patients diagnosed with CL residing in northeast Brazil during the period from 2019 to 2022. To our knowledge, this is the first prospective study on the subject conducted in the northeast region, which has the second-highest number of cases in the country. In our sample, clinical cure was achieved with the use of intralesional treatment in all cases, and there were no serious adverse events or mucosal involvement during the 1-year follow-up period. We emphasize the importance of using the right criteria for choosing this therapeutic modality and highlight the advantages of intralesional treatment due to the lower risk of adverse events and cost reduction to health services.

01 Sep 2024·Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology

Mucocutaneous Leishmaniasis Rhinology Complications: A Rare Presentation

Article

Author: Iloreta, Alfred Marc ; Edalati, Shaun ; Gray, Mingyang ; Ratna, Sujay ; Darwish, Mohamed

Objective: This case report presents a unique manifestation of Mucocutaneous Leishmaniasis (MCL) in a 56-year-old woman with chronic nasal symptoms. Initially diagnosed with chronic sinusitis and septal perforation, the patient’s history of a childhood sandfly bite and subsequent episodes of Leishmaniasis, revealed after nasal surgery, provided crucial information for accurate diagnosis. Methods: A retrospective review was conducted on this patient’s electronic medical record. Results: The patient’s life-long struggle with nasal obstruction, congestion, and a septal perforation initially masked the underlying MCL. Sinus surgery and persistent symptoms further complicated the diagnostic process. Only after postoperative complications, including grainy skin texture extending into the nasal passages, did the patient recall the sandfly bite, prompting reevaluation and diagnosis of MCL. The case highlights the challenges of diagnosing MCL due to its varied presentation and potential mimicry of other chronic nasal conditions. It emphasizes the importance of thorough patient history-taking, especially when symptoms are atypical or persistent. Additionally, the report underscores the potential for unexpected postoperative complications in MCL patients and the need for vigilance in recognizing and assessing them. Conclusion: This case contributes to the understanding of MCL’s diverse clinical presentation and the importance of early diagnosis and multidisciplinary management for prompt intervention and improved outcomes.

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