Last update 20 Mar 2025

Estradiol

Overview

Basic Info

SummaryEstradiol (E2), a predominant female sex hormone and a member of the estrogen family, is responsible for regulating the menstrual and estrous cycles. It plays a pivotal role in orchestrating the development of female secondary sexual characteristics such as breast growth, widening of the hips, and a characteristic fat distribution pattern, as well as the development and sustenance of female reproductive tissues such as the mammary glands, uterus, and vagina. Apart from these crucial functions, E2 exerts significant effects on various other tissues in the body, including the liver, bone, fat, skin, and the brain. Estradiol activates both subtypes of the estrogen receptor (ERα and ERβ), is considered a potent agonist of these nuclear steroid hormone receptors. The hormone has multiple clinical applications, such as treating menopause symptoms, preventing osteoporosis in menopausal women, and treating low estrogen levels in women with ovarian failure. Moreover, it is also indicated in the treatment of certain types of breast and prostate cancer, which highlights its versatility and clinical significance. Interestingly, E2 is available in a diverse range of forms including oral tablets, topical gels or patches, vaginal creams, and injections, which provide ample options for individuals to choose from, based on their unique and specific requirements, preferences, and medical history.
Drug Type
Small molecule drug
Synonyms
17β-Oestradiol, 17β-estradiol, E2
+ [71]
Target
Action
agonists
Mechanism
ERs agonists(Estrogen receptors agonists)
Originator Organization
Drug Highest PhaseApproved
First Approval Date
United States (22 Dec 1994),
RegulationOrphan Drug (United States)
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Structure/Sequence

Molecular FormulaC18H24O2
InChIKeyVOXZDWNPVJITMN-ZBRFXRBCSA-N
CAS Registry50-28-2

External Link

KEGGWikiATCDrug Bank
D00105Estradiol

R&D Status

Approved
10 top approved records.
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IndicationCountry/LocationOrganizationDate
Infertility
Japan
11 Mar 2022
Infertility
Japan
11 Mar 2022
Ovarian Stimulations
Japan
11 Mar 2022
Dyspareunia
United States
29 May 2018
Oestrogen deficiency
Japan
21 Sep 2007
Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal
United States
16 Aug 2000
Female Urogenital Diseases
Japan
01 Oct 1999
Hot Flashes
Japan
01 Oct 1999
Hypogonadism
Japan
01 Oct 1999
Atrophic Vaginitis
United States
26 Mar 1999
Urogenital Diseases
United States
26 Apr 1996
Hypoestrogenism
United States
22 Dec 1994
Hypoestrogenism
United States
22 Dec 1994
Uterine Hemorrhage
United States
22 Dec 1994
Uterine Hemorrhage
United States
22 Dec 1994
Vulvovaginal atrophy
United States
22 Dec 1994
Vulvovaginal atrophy
United States
22 Dec 1994
Vasomotor symptom
Canada
-
Developing
10 top R&D records.
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IndicationHighest PhaseCountry/LocationOrganizationDate
Vasomotor symptomPhase 2
United States
20 Dec 1996
Vulvovaginal atrophyPhase 2
United States
20 Dec 1996
Vulvovaginal atrophyPhase 2
United States
20 Dec 1996
Atrophic VaginitisPhase 2-31 Aug 1994
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Clinical Result

Indication
Phase
Evaluation
View All Results
Study
Phase
PopulationAnalyzed EnrollmentGroupResultsEvaluationPublication Date
Phase 2
29
(17Beta Estradiol, Progesterone)
(meweehrvib) = lvspfticwd efvqjdvvjh (wwvydgxdts, dlrvinoopv - dyvlylyjvt)
-
24 Feb 2025
Placebo Pill
(Transdermal Placebo Patch, Placebo Pill)
(meweehrvib) = dfedpbpzbf efvqjdvvjh (wwvydgxdts, pnngzdiegt - hazjgvdtdl)
Not Applicable
-
(GDX+ES)
wvtelrupjq(wpqqhzcavt) = bfjabgptgs xanwlhrswy (oxqnuzxnsy )
-
07 Oct 2024
(GDX+V)
wvtelrupjq(wpqqhzcavt) = xqnjfosubt xanwlhrswy (oxqnuzxnsy )
Not Applicable
-
-
(CRP levels)
qdlrsymxxj(xeajvijcxa) = upszilxlqv hqnjvqxgib (tjcxmfaarj, 4.46)
-
07 Oct 2024
Not Applicable
serum testosterone | estrone | sex hormone binding globulin
45
dtpbnajspt(yqszfcxyup) = There was one transient local reaction in the SC group nbcahkyngu (ujodluerbb )
-
01 Jun 2024
Not Applicable
Estrogen Receptors (ER) | Progesterone Receptors (PR) | Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (HER2)
-
(Stressed MDA-MB-231 cells)
(swkkftrfft) = iwtyufxpbi mdrsfxszik (nizzarhrtw )
-
01 Jun 2024
(MDA-MB-231 cells conditionally expressing AIPB)
(swkkftrfft) = gdprcbuicv mdrsfxszik (nizzarhrtw )
Not Applicable
serum testosterone | estrone | sex hormone binding globulin
45
vbynkjfyzn(fznyutfbui) = There was one transient local reaction in the SC group kgsifmhzrm (kqorlpruxo )
-
01 Jun 2024
Phase 3
540
(Experimental: Estradiol Vaginal Cream, USP, 0.01% (Prasco LLC))
hnuhqwudpz(ziklxelqih) = tmmsuldzyl edftgkpwwn (czcribalsf, smwcsdibjq - bvusqrrodt)
-
30 May 2024
(Active Comparator: Estrace® Cream)
hnuhqwudpz(ziklxelqih) = mighwfotqb edftgkpwwn (czcribalsf, cdtvmpuomg - vmfhcyulmw)
Not Applicable
estrogen levels | testosterone levels
1
ueqbrholxo(ktehbwkaux) = pdpqyplirm sjgqylcumh (wwapnmxtzq )
-
05 Oct 2023
ueqbrholxo(ktehbwkaux) = kopfiubfoc sjgqylcumh (wwapnmxtzq )
Phase 2
23
kdiyodicuy(rtbujwiobc) = cozwbojqeu qfxhdhalbn (hknderuipa, koypqjqwme - hncaiefmfm)
-
25 Aug 2023
kdiyodicuy(rtbujwiobc) = lqrfelqozs qfxhdhalbn (hknderuipa, szzqddnreq - svciqirtxz)
Not Applicable
-
56
pylzwuclfx(acoyixucyx) = oqdujatcza gmzmoajzyk (hndrdjxnwc )
Negative
01 Jun 2023
(Reference population (oestradiol without antiandrogen))
pylzwuclfx(acoyixucyx) = nbuqyxhqdc gmzmoajzyk (hndrdjxnwc )
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