Molidustat Sodium

Erythropoietic effects of molidustat, a hypoxia-inducible factor-prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor, occur in anemic cats with chronic kidney disease (CKD).

To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of molidustat in managing anemia in cats with CKD.

Seventy-five client-owned anemic cats with CKD in the effectiveness and safety phase and 64 in the safety continuation phase.

Multicenter, randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled field study. Cats in the 28-day effectiveness and safety phase received 5 mg/kg of molidustat (n = 40) or a control product (CP; n = 35), once daily for 28 days. During the 20-week safety continuation phase, all cats received 5 mg/kg molidustat in 28-day treatment cycles once PCV declined to < 28%. Individual cat treatment success, defined as a ≥ 4% point increase in hematocrit (HCT) compared to baseline, was evaluated on day 28. Safety was assessed throughout both phases.

Proportion of molidustat-treated cats with treatment success on day 28 (68% ± 7.4%; 95% CI, 51.45-80.28) was significantly higher compared to CP cats (17% ± 6.4%; 95% CI, 7.80-33.59; P < .001). During the safety continuation phase, median treatment cycle duration was 28 days with treatment intermission medians ranging from 11 to 18 days. There was no evidence of adverse effects attributed to molidustat when administered alone or in combination with other medications.

Molidustat significantly increased HCT values in treated cats compared to CP cats. Repeated 28-day treatment cycles were well-tolerated. Molidustat is an effective and safe treatment for long-term management of anemia in cats with CKD.

Hypoxia-inducible factor-prolyl hydroxylase domain inhibitors (HIF-PHI) are to increase the production of EPO and haemoglobin in patients with chronic kidney disease. HIF inhibitors such as Molidustat and Vadadustat are used as doping agents in racing sports. We present new sensitive and selective materials for the biosensing of Molidustat and Vadadustat in aqueous solution and saliva. Plasmonic nickel foam was synthesised using a reproducible chemical method that deposits forests of closely packed cauliflower-shaped gold nanostructures on the nickel surface. The plasmonic material showed a high enhancement factor of Raman signals (1.09 × 10 7 ). Therefore, it was used as a sensor for the detection of HIF inhibitors by surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). A target-specific extractor chip for HIF-PHI was fabricated by functionalising the plasmonic nickel foam with prolyl hydroxylase domain-containing protein 2 (PHD2) molecules. The surface functionalisation was carried out by a green synthesis process that utilises deep UV LED light to convert the PHD2 molecule into a bio-thiol that attaches to the plasmonic nickel foam via Au–S bonds. Using the new SERS sensor and extractor chip, Molidustat and Vadadustat were quantified in aqueous solution down to 0.01 µg/L. The new materials were also utilised for the rapid screening of HIF-PHI in spiked saliva samples. The new materials and light-driven surface functionalisation process can be easily adopted to develop new screening methods for multiple biomolecules (e.g. drugs, proteins, disease biomarkers, environmental toxins) for many applications (e.g. therapeutic drug monitoring, doping control, clinical diagnostics environmental monitoring). Graphical Abstract