Delving into the Latest Updates on Citarinostat with Synapse

Overview

Basic Info

Drug Type

Small molecule drug

Synonyms

Citarinostat (USAN)

+ [2]

Target

HDAC6

Mechanism

HDAC6 inhibitors(Histone deacetylase 6 inhibitors)

Therapeutic Areas

NeoplasmsImmune System DiseasesCardiovascular Diseases+ [1]

Active Indication

Multiple MyelomaSolid tumorSmoldering Multiple Myeloma

Inactive Indication

Advanced Malignant Solid NeoplasmUnresectable Melanoma

Originator Organization

Acetylon Pharmaceuticals, Inc.

Active Organization

Bristol Myers Squibb Co.

OncoPep, Inc.

Acetylon Pharmaceuticals, Inc.

+ [1]

Inactive Organization-

Drug Highest PhasePhase 2

First Approval Date-

Regulation-

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Structure

Molecular FormulaC24H26ClN5O3

InChIKeyVLIUIBXPEDFJRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N

CAS Registry1316215-12-9

Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α) is a transcription factor activated under hypoxic conditions, and it plays a crucial role in cellular stress regulation. While HIF-1α activity is essential in normal tissues, its presence in the tumor microenvironment represents a significant risk factor as it can induce angiogenesis and confer resistance to anti-cancer drugs, thereby contributing to poor prognoses. Typically, HIF-1α undergoes rapid degradation in normoxic conditions via oxygen-dependent degradation mechanisms. However, certain cancer cells can express HIF-1α even under normoxia. In this study, we observed an inclination toward increased normoxic HIF-1α expression in cancer cell lines exhibiting increased HDAC6 expression, which prompted the hypothesis that HDAC6 may modulate HIF-1α stability in normoxic conditions. To prove this hypothesis, several cancer cells with relatively higher HIF-1α levels under normoxic conditions were treated with ACY-241, a selective HDAC6 inhibitor, and small interfering RNAs for HDAC6 knockdown. Our data revealed a significant reduction in HIF-1α expression upon HDAC6 inhibition. Moreover, the downregulation of HIF-1α under normoxic conditions decreased zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox 1 expression and increased E-cadherin levels in lung cancer H1975 cells, consequently suppressing cell invasion and migration. ACY-241 treatment also demonstrated an inhibitory effect on cell invasion and migration by reducing HIF-1α level. This study confirms that HDAC6 knockdown and ACY-241 treatment effectively decrease HIF-1α expression under normoxia, thereby suppressing the epithelial-mesenchymal transition. These findings highlight the potential of selective HDAC6 inhibition as an innovative therapeutic strategy for lung cancer.

19 Sep 2023·Biochemistry

Structure and Function of Kdac1, a Class II Deacetylase from the Multidrug-Resistant Pathogen Acinetobacter baumannii

Article

Author: Watson, Paris R. ; Christianson, David W.

Proteomics studies indicate that 10% of proteins in the opportunistic pathogen Acinetobacter baumannii are acetylated, suggesting that lysine acetyltransferases and deacetylases function to maintain and regulate a robust bacterial acetylome. As the first step in exploring these fascinating prokaryotic enzymes, we now report the preparation and characterization of the lysine deacetylase Kdac1. We show that Kdac1 catalyzes the deacetylation of free acetyllysine and acetyllysine tetrapeptide assay substrates, and we also report the X-ray crystal structures of unliganded Kdac1 as well as its complex with the hydroxamate inhibitor Citarinostat. Kdac1 is a tetramer in solution and in the crystal; the crystal structure reveals that the L1 loop functions to stabilize quaternary structure, forming inter-subunit hydrogen bonds and salt bridges around a central arginine residue (R30). Surprisingly, the L1 loop partially blocks entry to the active site, but it is sufficiently flexible to allow for the binding of two Citarinostat molecules in the active site. The L12 loop is also important for maintaining quaternary structure; here, a conserved arginine (R278) accepts hydrogen bonds from the backbone carbonyl groups of residues in an adjacent monomer. Structural comparisons with two other prokaryotic lysine deacetylases reveal conserved residues in the L1 and L12 loops that similarly support tetramer assembly. These studies provide a structural foundation for understanding enzymes that regulate protein function in bacteria through reversible lysine acetylation, serving as a first step in the exploration of these enzymes as possible targets for the development of new antibiotics.

100 Deals associated with Citarinostat

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External Link

KEGG	Wiki	ATC	Drug Bank
D10918	-	-	DB15449

R&D Status

10 top R&D records.

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Indication	Highest Phase	Country/Location	Organization	Date
Unresectable Melanoma	Phase 2	US	Celgene Corp.	30 Sep 2016
Advanced Malignant Solid Neoplasm	Phase 2	US	Celgene Corp.	22 Dec 2015
Multiple Myeloma	Phase 2	-	Acetylon Pharmaceuticals, Inc.	-
Solid tumor	Phase 1	US	Bristol Myers Squibb Co.	07 Jan 2022
Smoldering Multiple Myeloma	Phase 1	US	Celgene Corp.	07 Mar 2017
Smoldering Multiple Myeloma	Phase 1	US	OncoPep, Inc.	07 Mar 2017

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Clinical Result

Indication

Phase

Evaluation

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Study	Phase	Population	Analyzed Enrollment	Group	Results	Evaluation	Publication Date


NCT02635061 (Pubmed \| Front Oncol)	Phase 1	Advanced Lung Non-Small Cell Carcinoma	18	ACY-241	(rddjmophgu) = wakcmheooy eyamwdvaqx (uadepdllgy )	-	01 Jan 2021
NCT02551185 (ASCO2018) Manual	Phase 1	HR-positive/HER2-low Solid Tumors	20	paclitaxel+citarinostat	(nfdjvsgthw) = citarinostat 360 mg/day daneethxwx (makllavfrz ) View more	Positive	04 Jun 2018
NCT02400242 (ACE-MM-200, ASH2016) Manual	Phase 1	Multiple Myeloma	40	Pomalidomide+Dexamethasone+ACY-241	(nubuzyjsuq) = 1 grade 4 thrombocytopenia at 360 mg fiveqpwbdj (zlnaascrec ) View more	Positive	02 Dec 2016