Teplizumab

In 2024, China approved several new drugs, and more blockbuster drugs are expected to be launched in 2025, covering oncology, autoimmune diseases, rare diseases, and other therapeutic areas.   Drug Name Mechanism of Action Indications Development Institutions Evantuzumab c-Met/EGFR bispecific antibody Non-small cell lung cancer Johnson & Johnson; Genmab Taqetuzumab CD3/GPRC5D bispecific antibody Multiple myeloma Johnson & Johnson; Genmab Zenidatuzumab Anti-HER2 bispecific antibody Biliary tract cancer Zymeworks; Jazz Pharmaceuticals; BeiGene Inalises PI3Kα inhibitor HR-positive breast cancer Roche; Chugai Pharmaceutical Asunitinib STAMP allosteric inhibitor Speculated use for chronic myeloid leukemia treatment Novartis Tazemetostat EZH2 inhibitor Follicular lymphoma Epizyme; Huadong Medicine; Eisai Relatuzumab-alpha PDL1/TGF-β bispecific antibody Stomach cancer; gastroesophageal junction cancer Hengrui Medicine; Dong-A Pharma Vabysmo EGFR antibody-drug conjugate Nasopharyngeal cancer Lepu Biopharma Tenapanor NHE3 inhibitor Chronic kidney disease hyperphosphatemia Ardelyx; Kyowa Kirin; Fosun Pharma; AstraZeneca Mersutide OXM analog; GLP-1R/GCGR agonist Obesity Eli Lilly; Innovent Biologics Vusirumab IL-1β monoclonal antibody Gouty arthritis Junshi Biosciences Romosozumab SOST monoclonal antibody Osteoporosis Astellas; Amgen; UCB Teplizumab CD3 monoclonal antibody Type 1 diabetes Ligand Pharmaceuticals; Johnson & Johnson; Sanofi Solrepinib Syk inhibitor Immune thrombocytopenic purpura Huadong Medicine BBM-H901 Factor IX gene therapy Hemophilia B Gene Therapy Fitusiran RNAi therapy Hemophilia A; Hemophilia B Sanofi; Alnylam Andexanet alfa Recombinant factor Xa Factor Xa inhibitor antidote Portola Pharmaceuticals Lisocabtagene maraleucel IL-23p19 monoclonal antibody Crohn's disease Boehringer Ingelheim; AbbVie Lemborexant & Daridorexant OX1R antagonist; OX2R antagonist Insomnia Eisai & Idorsia; Sihuan Pharmaceutical; Nxera Pharma Highlights of new drug approvals in 2024 include: 1. Oncology: The world’s first antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) targeting folate receptor alpha (FRα) for ovarian cancer: Mirvetuximab soravtansine. PD-1/VEGF bispecific antibody envafolimab and Nectin-4 ADC enfortumab vedotin. 2. Autoimmune diseases: IL-17A/F monoclonal antibody bimekizumab for ankylosing spondylitis. 3. Rare diseases: Novartis’ complement factor B inhibitor for paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH).   Blockbuster drugs expected to be approved in 2025 include: Oncology: Amivantamab (Q1) The world’s first c-Met/EGFR bispecific antibody. Highlight: Phase III study showed significant extension of median progression-free survival (mPFS). Talquetamab (Q2) A CD3/GPRC5D bispecific antibody and the world’s first drug targeting GPRC5D. Clinical results: Objective response rate (ORR) in Chinese patients was 69.0%-73.6%. Zanidatamab (Q2) A HER2-targeting bispecific antibody based on Azymetric™ technology. Indication: HER2-positive biliary tract cancer (BTC) with an ORR of up to 52%. Inavolisib (Q3) Roche’s highly selective PI3Kα inhibitor for PIK3CA-mutated breast cancer. Asciminib (Q3) Novartis’ Bcr-Abl allosteric inhibitor for Philadelphia chromosome-positive chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). SHR-1701 (Q4) A PD-L1/TGF-βRII bifunctional fusion protein for first-line treatment of gastric cancer. Phase III study demonstrated significant extension in median overall survival. MRG003 (Q4) China’s first EGFR-targeting ADC with remarkable efficacy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Endocrinology and Metabolism: Tenapanor (Q1) The world’s only approved NHE3 inhibitor for controlling hyperphosphatemia in chronic kidney disease patients. Trend Analysis: Continued Innovation in Oncology: The emergence of multiple bispecific antibodies and ADC drugs is making targets and treatment options more precise and diverse. Breakthroughs in Autoimmune and Rare Diseases: New biologics are gradually addressing drug resistance and limited treatment options in previous therapies. Emergence of Domestic Innovative Drugs: Examples include SHR-1701 and MRG003, highlighting the growing research and development capabilities of Chinese pharmaceutical companies.   The sequential launch of these drugs will provide new therapeutic options for Chinese patients and enhance China’s position in the global pharmaceutical market.

NEW YORK, NY, USA I December 17, 2024 I Tiziana Life Sciences, Ltd. (Nasdaq: TLSA) (“Tiziana” or the “Company”), a biotechnology company developing breakthrough immunomodulation therapies with its lead development candidate, intranasal foralumab, a fully human, anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody, today announced a significant milestone in its clinical development program for Alzheimer’s disease. The Company has successfully dosed the first patient with moderate Alzheimer’s disease using intranasal foralumab at Brigham and Women’s Hospital in Boston, Massachusetts following on from their baseline PET scan. Alzheimer’s disease represents an almost insurmountable global health challenge, affecting millions worldwide with few treatment options available. Tiziana’s novel approach focuses on reducing inflammation in the brain by addressing one of the major underlying inflammatory mechanisms believed to contribute to disease progression. Foralumab delivered intranasally, offers a unique mechanism of action by reducing brain microglial inflammation in patients with Alzheimer’s disease. This treatment strategy differs from beta amyloid removal or tau protein reductions and relies on the stimulation of T regulatory cells. The activated regulatory T cells cross the blood brain barrier where they reduce neuroinflammation of glial cells. Dr. Howard Weiner, Principal Investigator, Chairman of Tiziana’s Scientific Advisory Board and co-director of the Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases at Brigham and Women’s Hospital, a founding member of Mass General Brigham healthcare system, commented, “We are excited to initiate this study with Tiziana’s innovative intranasal Foralumab in this first patient with moderate Alzheimer’s disease. There are no approved drugs to treat this stage of Alzheimer’s disease. Targeting neuroinflammation represents a promising approach in the pursuit of disease-modifying therapies.” Tiziana’s CEO, Ivor Elrifi, added, “Dosing the first patient with intranasal Foralumab marks a significant milestone for Tiziana and underscores our commitment to advancing novel therapies for Alzheimer’s disease. We look forward to the continued progress of this study and also plan a study of Foralumab in patients with mild Alzheimer’s disease. Foralumab has the potential to make a meaningful difference for patients and their families.” The study at Brigham and Women’s Hospital is part of Tiziana’s broader development program for Foralumab, which includes other inflammatory and autoimmune indications. The company remains dedicated to advancing scientific innovation to address unmet medical needs across diverse therapeutic areas. In September 2024, the National Institutes of Health (NIH), National Institute on Aging awarded a $4 Million grant to Dr. Howard Weiner as principal investigator at Brigham and Women’s Hospital to be the key research site to study nasal anti-CD3 for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). This significant grant is funding a key research study over the next several years, advancing preclinical and ultimately, clinical studies of intranasal anti-CD3 as a potential treatment for this devastating neurodegenerative condition. About Foralumab Foralumab, a fully human anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody, is a biological drug candidate that has been shown to stimulate T regulatory cells when dosed intranasally. At present, 10 patients with Non-Active Secondary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis (na-SPMS) have been dosed in an open-label intermediate sized Expanded Access (EA) Program with either an improvement or stability of disease seen within 6 months in all patients. The FDA has recently allowed an additional 20 patients to be enrolled in this EA program. In addition, intranasal foralumab is currently being studied in a Phase 2a, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter, dose-ranging trial in patients with non-active secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (NCT06292923). Activated T cells play an important role in the inflammatory process. Foralumab, the only fully human anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody (mAb) currently in clinical development, binds to the T cell receptor and dampens inflammation by modulating T cell function, thereby suppressing effector features in multiple immune cell subsets. This effect has been observed in patients with COVID and with multiple sclerosis, as well as in healthy normal subjects. The non-active SPMS intranasal foralumab Phase 2 trial (NCT06292923) began screening patients in November of 2023. Immunomodulation by nasal anti-CD3 mAb represents a novel avenue for treatment of neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative human diseases. [1],[2] About Tiziana Life Sciences Tiziana Life Sciences is a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company developing breakthrough therapies using transformational drug delivery technologies to enable alternative routes of immunotherapy. Tiziana’s innovative nasal approach has the potential to provide an improvement in efficacy as well as safety and tolerability compared to intravenous (IV) delivery. Tiziana’s lead candidate, intranasal foralumab, which is the only fully human anti-CD3 mAb currently in clinical development, has demonstrated a favorable safety profile and clinical response in patients in studies to date. Tiziana’s technology for alternative routes of immunotherapy has been patented with several applications pending and is expected to allow for broad pipeline applications. For more information about Tiziana Life Sciences and its innovative pipeline of therapies, please visit www.tizianalifesciences.com . [1] https://www-pnas-org.libproxy1.nus.edu.sg/doi/10.1073/pnas.2220272120 [2] https://www-pnas-org.libproxy1.nus.edu.sg/doi/10.1073/pnas.2309221120 SOURCE: Tiziana Life Sciences