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Last update 27 Feb 2026

Biotin

Last update 27 Feb 2026

Overview

R&D Status

Clinical Result

Translational Medicine

Overview

Basic Info

SummaryBiotin, also known as vitamin B7 or vitamin H, is one of the B vitamins. It is essential for the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. Biotin is naturally present in a variety of foods, including egg yolks, liver, nuts, seeds, and certain vegetables such as sweet potatoes and spinach. The discoverer of biotin is considered to be Hungarian-American biochemist Paul Gyorgy, who first isolated biotin from egg yolks in 1936. Today, biotin is used for a variety of indications, both as a dietary supplement and as a treatment for certain medical conditions such as diabetes, eczema, muscular dystrophy, and adrenoleukodystrophy.

Drug Type

Small molecule drug

Synonyms

(+)-cis-Hexahydro-2-oxo-1H-thieno[3,4]imidazole-4-valeric acid, (3aS,4S,6aR)-Hexahydro-2-oxo-1H-thieno[3,4-d]imidazole-4-valeric acid, 5-(2-oxohexahydro-1H-thieno[3,4-d]imidazol-4-yl)pentanoic acid

+ [16]

Target

ABCD1

Action

inhibitors

Mechanism

ABCD1 inhibitors(ATP Binding Cassette Subfamily D Member 1 inhibitors)

Therapeutic Areas

Endocrinology and Metabolic DiseaseSkin and Musculoskeletal DiseasesNervous System Diseases+ [2]

Active Indication

Diabetes MellitusEczemaAlzheimer Disease+ [2]

Inactive Indication

Amyotrophic Lateral SclerosisCharcot-Marie-Tooth Disease, Type IaCharcot-Marie-Tooth Disease, Type Ib+ [7]

Originator Organization-

Active Organization

Harvard Medical SchoolCiberer

IDIBELL - Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute

+ [1]

Inactive Organization

MedDay Pharmaceuticals SA

License Organization-

Drug Highest PhaseApproved

First Approval Date-

RegulationOrphan Drug (United States)

Structure/Sequence

Molecular FormulaC10H16N2O3S

InChIKeyYBJHBAHKTGYVGT-ZKWXMUAHSA-N

CAS Registry58-85-5

Clinical Trials associated with Biotin

NCT07302880

/ Not yet recruitingNot Applicable

The Acute Interference of Biotin in Blood Analysis

Biotin, also known as vitamin B7, is a water-soluble vitamin. It is essential for several metabolic processes in the body, including glucose, lipid, and protein metabolism, as it acts as a coenzyme in several carboxylation reactions. Biotin, available as an over the counter supplement, is widely used to improve nail and hair growth. The use of biotin supplements can interfere with various laboratory tests, due to the use of the streptavidin-biotin interaction in several immunoassays. We therefore wish to investigate acute impact of biotin supplementation on various laboratory assays, with focus on the immediate post-ingestion effects and the time frame in which biotin interference is most pronounced.

Start Date01 Jan 2026

Sponsor / Collaborator

University of Copenhagen

[+1]

CTRI/2025/06/089857

/ Not yet recruitingNot Applicable

A Clinical Study to Evaluate the Skin Irritation Potential of Trend Tree Methi Shampoo and Hair Mask with Biotin on Healthy Human Volunteers - NIL

Start Date11 Jul 2025

Sponsor / Collaborator-

CTIS2024-519378-37-00

/ Not yet recruitingPhase 3IIT

Development and delivery of personalized 3D-printed drugs to improve treatment adherence in children with rare diseases.

Start Date01 Feb 2025

Sponsor / Collaborator-

100 Clinical Results associated with Biotin

100 Translational Medicine associated with Biotin

100 Patents (Medical) associated with Biotin

21,229

Literatures (Medical) associated with Biotin

01 Apr 2026·POULTRY SCIENCE

Antibiotic-free Wenchang chickens may promote blood levels of B vitamins by modulating the gut microbiota: An integrated analysis of cecal content metagenomics and serum metabolomics

Article

Author: Zheng, Xinli ; Pu, Lei ; Yang, Hua ; Hong, Liang ; Gu, Lihong ; Chu, Han ; Deng, Shifan ; Zhang, Jianbin

Through the selective breeding of superior strains, livestock and poultry can achieve enhanced disease resistance and production performance, thereby improving farming efficiency and increasing chicken meat yield. This study analyzed the expression of gut health-related genes, cecal microbiota, and untargeted serum metabolomics in Wenchang chickens from the NS strain (Normal strain) and the AFS strain (Antibiotic-free strain), and explored the relationships between their cecal microbiota and serum metabolites. Our results show that in the ileum, antioxidant-related indicators T-AOC (P < 0.05), T-SOD (P < 0.05), and GSH-PX (P < 0.05) were significantly higher in the AFS strain than in the NS strain, while MDA (P < 0.05) was significantly lower in the AFS strain than in the NS strain. The mRNA expression level of RORγt/FoxP3, which is related to immune regulation, was significantly lower in the AFS strain than in the NS strain (P < 0.05). The differential microorganisms in the cecum primarily included Muribaculum, Cryptobacteroides, Blautia, Enterocloster, Lachnoclostridium, Hydrogenoanaerobacterium, Ruminococcus, Subdoligranulum, Clostridioides, and Evtepia. The main differential metabolites in serum included folinic acid, biotin, lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), 3-hydroxy-3-methylbutanoic acid, 3-hydroxybutyric acid, and others. The differential metabolites are primarily enriched in the following metabolic pathways: gap junction, glycolipid metabolism, and fatty acid biosynthesis. In addition, the Pearson correlation analysis between the gut microbiota and serum metabolites showed that Blautia was positively correlated with folinic acid (P < 0.05) and biotin (P < 0.05); Lachnoclostridium was positively correlated with biotin (P < 0.01); and Ruminococcus was positively correlated with 3-hydroxybutyric acid (P < 0.05). This study mainly elucidates the metabolic characteristics of the antibiotic-free Wenchang chicken strain by analyzing gut microbiota and serum metabolites.

01 Mar 2026·Maternal and Child Nutrition

Evaluating the Effect of Random Multi‐Donor Pooling on the Nutritional Variability in Donor Human Milk Using Computer Modeling

Article

Author: Perrin, Maryanne T. ; Shahab‐Ferdows, Setareh ; Richter, Scott ; Iwayemi, Esther F. ; Smith, R. Mitchell ; Israel‐Ballard, Kiersten ; Mansen, Kimberly ; Hampel, Daniela ; Bode, Lars ; Allen, Lindsay H.

ABSTRACT:

Protein and fat concentrations in donor human milk (DHM) can vary twofold to threefold and are influenced by the number of unique donors per pool. The aim of this study was to broadly characterize how the number of donors (2–10) randomly combined into a pool during milk bank processing influenced the variability of macronutrients, vitamins, minerals, and bioactive factors in DHM. The minimum number of donors required for 80% of the pools to meet pre‐defined targets for true protein, fat, and disialyllacto‐N‐tetraose (DSLNT) was also evaluated. Monte Carlo simulation was used to create models that accounted for donor lifetime donation volume and milk bank production constraints. Variability in nutrients was quantified as a Nutrient Inequality Index (NII) which was computed as the ratio of the 90th percentile to the 10th percentile for each simulation. Random multi‐donor pooling of 2–10 donors produced lower variability in DHM macronutrients than most vitamins and minerals. A priori targets of 0.9 g/dL of true protein, 3.5 g/dL of fat, and 210 µg/L of DSLNT could not be achieved with any random pooling scenario. The NII for lactose stabilized at less than 1.1 when there were 3+ donors per pool, while the NII for fat and true protein stabilized at less than 1.3 when there were 5+ donors per pool. The NII exceeded 1.5, even at 10 donors per pool, for several micronutrients including zinc, copper, sodium, iron, biotin, riboflavin, B6, B12, and pantothenic acid.

01 Mar 2026·Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders

Screening for Biotinidase deficiency in children with spinal cord demyelination

Article

Author: Mohammed, Maha ; Tomoum, Hoda ; Sallam, Ola ; Ahmad, Khaled ; Mohammad, Shaimaa ; El Agouza, Iman ; Zaitoun, Raghda

INTRODUCTION:

Biotinidase deficiency (BD) is a disorder with autosomal recessive inheritance with protean clinical manifestations. Some cases present atypically with a neuroinflammatory phenotype that mimics neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder. This can occur acutely in children who are otherwise normal leading to misdiagnosis and mismanagement with a potential for residual deficits.

OBJECTIVE:

To investigate biotinidase enzyme activity among children with presentation and radiological findings consistent with myelopathy.

METHODS:

This prospective observational study included children (≤18 years) admitted to the Pediatric Neurology Department, Ain Shams University Children's Hospital, with myelopathy and MRI evidence of spinal cord demyelination. Clinical, laboratory, ophthalmological, and neuroimaging data were systematically collected. Serum biotinidase enzyme activity was measured in all participants.

RESULTS:

Thirty-nine children with spinal cord demyelination were included (44% male), with a median age at onset of 9 years. BD was identified in four patients. Presenting features included progressive limb weakness and gait disturbance, with optic neuropathy observed in three patients. Neuroimaging consistently demonstrated longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis involving the cervical and/or thoracic spinal cord, frequently accompanied by brainstem signal abnormalities. Prior to diagnosis, patients received immunomodulatory therapies with limited or transient benefit. Following biotin supplementation, all patients demonstrated clinical improvement, with residual deficits observed in those with delayed diagnosis.

CONCLUSION:

BD should be considered in the differential diagnosis of pediatric spinal cord demyelination, particularly in antibody-negative cases or those with suboptimal response to immunotherapy. Further studies incorporating immune biomarkers are needed to determine whether adjunctive management of inflammation, alongside metabolic correction, may improve neurological outcomes.

News (Medical) associated with Biotin

17 Jun 2024

·www.sciencedaily.com

Treating the gut-brain connection with B vitamins to treat Parkinson's Disease

A study has revealed a link between gut microbiota and Parkinson's disease. The researchers discovered a decrease in bacterial genes related to the synthesis of vitamins B2 and B7. The lack of these genes was associated with reduced intestinal short-chain fatty acids and polyamines, agents that maintain the intestinal barrier and prevent the leakage of toxins into the blood that can then access the brain. Using B vitamin therapy to address these deficiencies may restore the barrier and treat Parkinson's disease. A study led by Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine in Japan has revealed a link between gut microbiota and Parkinson's disease (PD). The researchers found a reduction in the gut bacteria of genes responsible for synthesizing the essential B vitamins B2 and B7. They also identified a relationship between the lack of these genes and low levels of agents that help maintain the integrity of the intestinal barrier. This barrier prevents toxins from entering the bloodstream, which causes the inflammation seen in PD. Their findings, published in npj Parkinson's Disease, suggest that treatment with B vitamins to address these deficiencies can be used to treat PD. PD is characterized by a variety of physical symptoms that hinder daily activities and mobility, such as shaking, slow movement, stiffness, and balance problems. While the frequency of PD may vary between different populations, it is estimated to affect approximately 1-2% of individuals aged 55 years or older. Various physiological processes are heavily influenced by the microorganisms found in the gut, which are collectively known as gut microbiota. In ideal conditions, gut microbiota produce SCFAs and polyamines, which maintain the intestinal barrier that prevents toxins entering the bloodstream. Toxins in the blood can be carried to the brain where they cause inflammation and affect neurotransmission processes that are critical for maintaining mental health. To better understand the relationship between the microbial characteristics of the gut in PD, Hiroshi Nishiwaki and Jun Ueyama from the Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine conducted a metanalysis of stool samples from patients with PD from Japan, the United States, Germany, China, and Taiwan. They used shotgun sequencing, a technique that sequences all genetic material in a sample. This is an invaluable tool because it offers researchers a better understanding of the microbial community and genetic makeup of the sample. They observed a decrease in the bacterial genes responsible for the synthesizing of riboflavin (vitamin B2) and biotin (vitamin B7) in patients diagnosed with PD. Riboflavin and biotin, derived from both food and gut microbiota, have anti-inflammatory properties, which may counteract the neuroinflammation seen in diseases like PD. B vitamins play crucial roles in the metabolic processes that influence the production and functions of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and polyamines, two agents that help maintain the integrity of the intestinal barrier, preventing toxins entering the bloodstream. An examination of fecal metabolites revealed decreases of both in patients with PD. The findings indicate a potential explanation for the progression of PD. "Deficiencies in polyamines and SCFAs could lead to thinning of the intestinal mucus layer, increasing intestinal permeability, both of which have been observed in PD," Nishiwaki explained. "This higher permeability exposes nerves to toxins, contributing to abnormal aggregation of alpha-synuclein, activating the immune cells in the brain, and leading to long-term inflammation." He added, "Supplementation therapy targeting riboflavin and biotin holds promise as a potential therapeutic avenue for alleviating PD symptoms and slowing disease progression." The results of the study highlight the importance of understanding the complex relationship among gut microbiota, metabolic pathways, and neurodegeneration. In the coming years, therapy could potentially be customized based on the unique microbiome pro each patient. By altering bacterial levels in the microbiome, doctors can potentially delay the onset of symptoms associated with diseases like PD. "We could perform gut microbiota analysis on patients or conduct fecal metabolite analysis," Nishiwaki said. "Using these findings, we could identify individuals with specific deficiencies and administer oral riboflavin and biotin supplements to those with decreased levels, potentially creating an effective treatment."

Microbial therapy

12 Mar 2024

·www.prnewswire.com

Bizz Energy Can Help Build Muscle and Boost Metabolism

The Nutrition-Filled Beverage Is Rewriting the Script When It Comes to Energy Drinks FORT LAUDERDALE, Fla., March 12, 2024 /PRNewswire/ -- Traditional energy beverages have a negative reputation for unhealthy ingredients and sugary crashes. Bizz Energy was designed to be the ultimate zero-sugar energy drink. The healthy alternative to the classic concept was developed by a team led by entrepreneur Gavin Jacono. Part of the goal with Bizz Energy is to provide a potent dose of clean, sugar-free, crashless energy. However, Jacono and his team have gone above and beyond to ensure that the nutritional elements of their formula deliver more than a punchy pick-me-up. "Part of the point with Bizz Energy has always been to be a clean energy drink option," explains Jacono. "We want health-conscious individuals to be able to use it as a way to tap energy without compromising their health in the process. But our goal from day one was much bigger than that. We wanted a drink that could enhance performance on a nutritional level. We wanted something that brought together the ideas of an energy drink and a supplement." The first step in achieving this was to avoid classic sweet tooth ingredients, like sugar, high fructose corn syrup, and even aspartame. In addition, the group avoided any harmful chemicals or additives. When it came to the energy part of the process, the R&D team managed to create a unique form of soluble Turkesterone. The natural ecdysteroid has a reputation for stimulating physical and mental energy. This works alongside a punchy per-can dose of 200mg of caffeine anhydrous. Jacono's team also looked for ingredients that could provide a net nutritional positive to the consumer. They included ingredients like creatine and essential amino acids to help with muscle growth and protein synthesis. They also included Niacin and Biotin to support an active metabolism. In the end, the Bizz Energy formula is much more than an average energy drink — or even an improved one. It functions as a dual energy booster and supplement. It can supercharge the mind, energize the body, improve physical performance, and enhance whatever mental or physical activity an individual is attempting to accomplish. Bizz Energy is a refreshing new take on a classic concept. It is a clean, crashless, and nutritious energy drink built to help people reach their goals and go the distance. A bout Bizz Energy Bizz Energy was founded by Gavin Jacono. The fitness and nutrition fanatic hails from New York City and is obsessed with boxing, weightlifting, and soccer. As an aspiring 17-year-old entrepreneur, Jacono launched Bizz Energy as a way to create the ultimate energy drink he had always wanted to fuel his athletic pursuits. Along with a potent dose of caffeine, the Bizz Energy formula taps into a unique form of soluble Turkesterone. It is delicious, clean, and effective. Learn more at bizzenergy.com. Contact: Gavin Jacono 516-637-8701 374108@email4pr.com SOURCE Bizz Energy

20 Nov 2023

·www.prnewswire.com

Designs for Health Launches Two Collagen Formulas, Whole Beauty Collagen™ & Collagen + MCT

Leading supplement brand now offers three unique researched-back collagen products PALM COAST, Fla., Nov. 20, 2023 /PRNewswire/ -- Designs for Health, the expert-recommended and preferred brand for high-quality, professional strength, research-backed supplements, and recipient of the 2023 Top Supplement Manufacturing Company award ** today announced the launch of Whole Beauty Collagen™ and Collagen + MCT. These products complement the company's bestselling Whole Body Collagen, now offering consumers three superior, efficacious collagen formulas. Whole Beauty Collagen™ is a convenient once-daily powder featuring hydrolyzed collagen peptides and Lustriva®, a patented, clinically researched blend of stabilized biotin and silica, to provide comprehensive support for hair, skin, and nails.* Evidence suggests that Lustriva® may help promote hair fullness, optimal skin texture, and nail strength.* Additionally, the magnesium biotinate used in this formula may have 40 times greater dissolvability and absorption than the biotin used in common beauty products. Collagen + MCT is a keto-friendly powder featuring hydrolyzed collagen peptides from grass-fed, pasture-raised bovine sources and medium-chain triglycerides (C8 & C10 MCTs) from highly refined coconut oil. MCTs metabolize differently than other fats; the body converts them into ketones, even when not on a ketogenic diet, and provide a quick source of energy that most cells and tissues can use. They are especially known for fueling the brain, heart, and skeletal muscles. Research also suggests that MCTs may provide fuel for brain cells, helping to support cognitive function and mental clarity.* Whole Body Collagen is a synergistic formulation designed to benefit the health of bones, joints, and skin.* It contains the research-backed collagen peptide blends Verisol®, Fortigel®, and Fortibone® derived from specific dietary collagen proteins and produced with proprietary hydrolyzation technologies to optimize their beneficial properties. This unique blend is supported by clinical research showing its efficacy for collagen production, bone strength, joint health and integrity, and skin elasticity.* "While the market for collagen supplements has skyrocketed in recent years, all collagen products are not created equal, which is why we are proud to offer three high-quality research-backed formulations that consumers and practitioners can trust," said Chief Medical Officer, Dr. David M. Brady at Designs for Health. "Collagen makes up roughly 30% of the body's protein and 75% of the skin's structure; however, we start to produce less of it as we age, making supplementation vital to helping the body rebuild the collagen that it depends on. Our three unique SKUs have been carefully formulated to provide adults with an easy and convenient way to incorporate specific molecular weight clinically studied collagen into their daily wellness routines at any age." Designs for Health began in 1989 as a small educational services company with deep roots in natural medicine – and big ambitions to revolutionize the industry. More than 30 years later, the company is pioneering new approaches to nutritional science, breaking barriers in quality standards, and ultimately transforming the healthcare ecosystem. Through a robust product pipeline and a diverse portfolio of more than 300 nutritional products, Designs for Health is leading the charge in the natural and integrative medicine movement to design a well world for all. Whole Beauty Collagen, Collagen + MCT, and Whole Body Collagen are unflavored and unsweetened, making them easy to add to any beverage or shake. They are gluten-free, dairy-free, soy-free, and non-GMO, and available to purchase at . To learn more about Designs for Health and its comprehensive portfolio of products, including its line of oral health products, visit . Please tune in to Designs for Health's new podcast, Conversations for Health, and immerse yourself in the current landscape of Functional Medicine to empower you to design a well world with us. About Designs for Health, Inc. Family-owned Designs for Health, Inc. offers high-quality dietary supplements and functional foods to healthcare professionals and their patients. Guided by its founding philosophy of "Science-First™," the company holds an unwavering commitment to creating research-driven formulations with meaningful quantities of functional ingredients that maximize the potential for successful health outcomes. For over 30 years, Designs for Health has been many healthcare professionals' trusted source for not only product innovation but also leadership in clinical education and practice development solutions. **Awarded by Food Business Review *These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. Contact: 5WPR 212-999-5585 [email protected] SOURCE Designs for Health

100 Deals associated with Biotin

External Link

KEGG	Wiki	ATC	Drug Bank
D00029	Biotin	A11HA05	DB00121

R&D Status

Approved

10 top approved records.

to view more data

Indication	Country/Location	Organization	Date
Diabetes Mellitus	-	-	-
Eczema	-	-	-

Developing

10 top R&D records.

to view more data

Indication	Highest Phase	Country/Location	Organization	Date
Multiple Sclerosis	NDA/BLA	European Union	MedDay Pharmaceuticals SA	-
Adrenoleukodystrophy	Phase 3	France	MedDay Pharmaceuticals SA	01 Oct 2014
Adrenoleukodystrophy	Phase 3	Germany	MedDay Pharmaceuticals SA	01 Oct 2014
Adrenoleukodystrophy	Phase 3	Spain	MedDay Pharmaceuticals SA	01 Oct 2014
Multiple Sclerosis, Chronic Progressive	Phase 3	France	MedDay Pharmaceuticals SA	01 Oct 2013
Optic Neuritis	Phase 3	France	MedDay Pharmaceuticals SA	01 Oct 2013
Optic Neuritis	Phase 3	United Kingdom	MedDay Pharmaceuticals SA	01 Oct 2013
Vision, Low	Phase 3	France	MedDay Pharmaceuticals SA	01 Oct 2013
Vision, Low	Phase 3	United Kingdom	MedDay Pharmaceuticals SA	01 Oct 2013
Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease, Type Ib	Phase 2	France	MedDay Pharmaceuticals SA	05 Dec 2016

Clinical Result

Indication

Phase

Evaluation

View All Results

Study	Phase	Population	Analyzed Enrollment	Group	Results	Evaluation	Publication Date


EADV2023	Not Applicable	-	61	Oral biotin	xmzmvnlhxg(pgfqfkdyih) = zbihliyrfl zwdruntuxf (ugkxpfxioo ) View more	Positive	11 Oct 2023
				Pyridoxine	xmzmvnlhxg(pgfqfkdyih) = extmdbupel zwdruntuxf (ugkxpfxioo ) View more
NCT02936037 (SPI2, Pubmed) Manual	Phase 3	Multiple Sclerosis, Chronic Progressive	642	MD1003	kgdpbuzzzj(dagpgajawn) = hcwwdzwjct vhebyxsqwm (qfbtjxakly ) View more	Negative	01 Dec 2020
				Placebo	kgdpbuzzzj(dagpgajawn) = hebzayuxrl vhebyxsqwm (qfbtjxakly ) View more
NCT02936037 (SPI2, CTgov)	Phase 3	Multiple Sclerosis, Chronic Progressive	642	PLACEBO (GROUP 1)	euuajvdzea(tskjbhlwtd) = heeqjvrssa dutjwojakk (sjloogekyb, nfodudnkau - yrhyxmpbyh) View more	-	23 Nov 2020
				MD1003 100mg capsule (GROUP 2)	euuajvdzea(tskjbhlwtd) = hzsedtbudf dutjwojakk (sjloogekyb, oxlpumsydi - xcbsboufol) View more
NCT04223232 (CTgov)	Phase 1	-	6	[14C]-MD1003	jipjvchkbs(ppunwsicqu) = traqwyqsmc gntotkrtiu (lkefhdwpuc, 16.9) View more	-	02 Nov 2020
NCT02967679 (CTgov)	Phase 2	Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease, Type Ia \| Polyradiculoneuropathy, Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating \| Central Nervous System Diseases ... View more	15	MD1003	anmcoymygy(dhztuvfhrp) = cndsuceefo dpnhmymkaq (zybgzpqfyy, 11.45) View more	-	02 Nov 2020
NCT02220933 (MS-SPI, ECTRIMS2019)	Phase 3	Multiple Sclerosis	133	MD1003	muqjkunsrb(zvsbfttbdq) = The main reasons for treatment withdrawal (M12 to M60) were: perceived lack of efficacy (34 patients), consent withdrawal (23 patients), and discontinuations due to AEs (8 patients) waptxkxrmy (vxmveyvzqf ) View more	Positive	10 Sep 2019
ECTRIMS2019	Not Applicable	Multiple Sclerosis	579	MD1003 high dose pharmaceutical-grade biotin	jsukpircbf(wsspupyvhl) = ekggthgqsi isqtmxsbxq (zjilnqcwjv )	Positive	10 Sep 2019
				Concomitant immunotherapy	jsukpircbf(wsspupyvhl) = nqzdgnyqzj isqtmxsbxq (zjilnqcwjv )
NCT02220933 (MS-SPI, AAN2019)	Phase 3	Multiple Sclerosis, Chronic Progressive	154	MD1003	aaivjdwgrt(anrwhhxldq) = ufttibounp jpwhcsdrqm (rbnqotzzal ) View more	Positive	09 Apr 2019
				Placebo	aaivjdwgrt(anrwhhxldq) = oazvudhrsr jpwhcsdrqm (rbnqotzzal ) View more
NCT02220933 (MS-SPI, ECTRIMS2018)	Phase 3	Multiple Sclerosis	154	MD1003	xapjehkotr(tjucvlqrhc) = A total of 38% vs 34% of pts in MM and PM groups, respectively, experienced AEs dumzidqnzy (oqltgrqjpq )	Positive	09 Oct 2018
				Placebo
NCT02936037 (SPI2, ECTRIMS2018)	Phase 3	Multiple Sclerosis	660	MD1003 300 mg/day	rhxkqybnex(dvccgdjmxk) = mfxsnumsfb yxethlgcsd (tsmvnvaail )	-	09 Oct 2018
				Placebo	rhxkqybnex(dvccgdjmxk) = gticuuoryq yxethlgcsd (tsmvnvaail )

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