Furazolidone

In pre-antibiotic times, various highly contagious diseases like cholera, smallpox and tuberculosis were widespread worldwide. Penicillin discovery in the late 1920s was a groundbreaking moment in medical history, saving countless lives. However, over the next few decades, microbes developed antibiotic resistance, leading to a global public health threat known as antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a major contributor to hospital-acquired infections, affecting millions of patients and causing numerous deaths annually. Several non-[Formula: see text]-lactam antibiotics combat these infections effectively, while their effect on P. aeruginosa quorum sensing (QS) has been insufficiently explored. We have undertaken comprehensive research to understand the effect of non-[Formula: see text]-lactam antibiotics on various targets of P. aeruginosa. Using molecular simulations, we scrutinize these antibiotics” dynamic behavior and stability. Based on toxicity, binding energy and binding site, platensimycin and sulfasalazine were identified as promising candidates against various targets of P. aeruginosa. The binding energies for sulfasalazine and platensimycin with LasA were found to be −8.1 and −8.6 kcal/mol, respectively. Both of these leading antibiotics were interacting at the active sites of all tested proteins (LasA, LasI and PqsR). The examination of molecular dynamics confirmed the stable complex formation of the lead non-[Formula: see text]-lactam antibiotics with all selected target proteins under normal physiological conditions. These findings emphasize the potential efficacy of platensimycin and sulfasalazine. They could potentially be repurposed for targeting the QS of P. aeruginosa.

Furazolidone (FZD), a nitrofuran antibiotic used for the treatment of bacterial and protozoal illnesses, generates apprehensions about its potential toxicity and mutagenicity. The swift and dependable identification of FZD in food and biological specimens is essential for public health and regulatory adherence. This study presents a novel electrochemical sensor using a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) modified with a cobalt-based metal-organic framework (Co-MOF) and carbon black (CB) composite (Co-MOF@CB/GCE) for the sensitive detection of FZD. The Co-MOF@CB composite enhances electron transport and expands the electroactive surface area. Characterization investigations confirmed the successful fabrication of the Co-MOF@CB/GCE sensor. Electrochemical analyses revealed an extensive detection range (0.4-610 μmolL^-1) and a minimal detection limit (0.0875 μmolL^-1). The sensor exhibited great repeatability, stability, and selectivity, demonstrating efficient FZD detection in milk, honey, and chicken. This sensor provides a reliable, economical tool for FZD detection in regulatory and public health contexts.