Monitoring the responsiveness of T and antigen presenting cell compartments in breast cancer patients is useful to predict clinical tumor response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy

Q2 · MEDICINE

ArticleOA

Author: Parra-López, Carlos A ; Bernal-Estévez, David A ; García, Oscar ; Sánchez, Ramiro

BACKGROUNDVaccination of mice with tumors treated with Doxorubicin promotes a T cell immunity that relies on dendritic cell (DC) activation and is responsible for tumor control in vaccinated animals. Despite Doxorubicin in combination with Cyclophosphamide (A/C) is widely used to treat breast cancer patients, the stimulating effect of A/C on T and APC compartments and its correlation with patient's clinical response remains to be proved.METHODSIn this prospective study, we designed an in vitro system to monitor various immunological readouts in PBMCs obtained from a total of 17 breast cancer patients before, and after neoadjuvant anti-tumor therapy with A/C.RESULTSThe results show that before treatment, T cells and DCs, exhibit a marked unresponsiveness to in vitro stimulus: whereas T cells exhibit poor TCR internalization and limited expression of CD154 in response to anti-CD3/CD28/CD2 stimulation, DCs secrete low levels of IL-12p70 and limited CD83 expression in response to pro-inflammatory cytokines. Notably, after treatment the responsiveness of T and APC compartments was recovered, and furthermore, this recovery correlated with patients' residual cancer burden stage.CONCLUSIONSOur results let us to argue that the model used here to monitor the T and APC compartments is suitable to survey the recovery of immune surveillance and to predict tumor response during A/C chemotherapy.

01 Dec 2017·Annals of Intensive CareQ2 · MEDICINE

Are third-generation cephalosporins unavoidable for empirical therapy of community-acquired pneumonia in adult patients who require ICU admission? A retrospective study

Q2 · MEDICINE

ArticleOA

Author: Ait-Oufella, Hafid ; Dubée, Vincent ; Hariri, Geoffroy ; Galbois, Arnaud ; Boëlle, Pierre-Yves ; Bourcier, Simon ; Maury, Eric ; Leblanc, Guillaume ; Pichereau, Claire ; Tankovic, Jacques ; Bigé, Naike ; Baudel, Jean-Luc

BACKGROUNDThird-generation cephalosporins (3GCs) are recommended for empirical antibiotic therapy of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in patients requiring ICU admission. However, their extensive use could promote the emergence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases-producing Enterobacteriaceae. Our aim was to assess whether the use of 3GCs in patients with CAP requiring ICU admission was justified.METHODSWe assessed all patients with CAP who required ICU admission during a 7-year period. We recorded empirical and definitive antibiotic therapies and susceptibility of causative pathogens. Amoxicillin, amoxicillin/clavulanate (A/C) susceptibilities as well as amikacin susceptibility of A/C-resistant strains were recorded.RESULTSFrom January 2007 to March 2014, 391 patients were included in the study. Empirical 3GCs were used in 215 patients (55%). Among 267 patients with microbiologically documented CAP (68%), 241 received a beta-lactam as definitive therapy, and of those, 3CGs were chosen for 43 patients (18%). Amoxicillin or A/C was active against isolated pathogens in 159 patients (66%), while 39 patients (16%) required a beta-lactam with a broader spectrum than 3GCs. Ninety-four per cent of A/C-resistant strains were amikacin susceptible.CONCLUSIONSIn ICU patients with CAP, 3GCs given on an empirical basis are changed, according to microbiological documentation, for another beta-lactam in 82% of cases especially to A/C in the absence of resistance risk factor. In patients evidencing risk factors for A/C-resistant strains infection, 3GCs or antipseudomonal beta-lactams including carbapenem associated with amikacin in the most severe patients seem a relevant empirical antibiotic therapy. This strategy could decrease 3GCs' use.

07 Nov 2014·Organic LettersQ1 · CHEMISTRY

Inducamides A–C, Chlorinated Alkaloids from an RNA Polymerase Mutant Strain of Streptomyces sp.

Q1 · CHEMISTRY

Article

Author: MacMillan, John B. ; Fu, Peng ; Jamison, Matthew ; La, Scott

Inducamides A-C (1-3), three new chlorinated alkaloids featuring an amide skeleton generated by a tryptophan fragment and a 6-methylsalicylic acid unit, were isolated from a chemically induced mutant strain of Streptomyces sp. with the inducamides only being produced in the mutant strain. Their structures, including stereochemistry, were determined by spectroscopic analysis, Marfey's method, and CD spectroscopy.

100 Deals associated with Group A and C Meningococcal Polysaccharide Vaccine(Zhejiang Tianyuan Bio-Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.)

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Indication	Country/Location	Organization	Date
Meningitis	CN	Zhejiang Tianyuan Bio-Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.	30 Sep 2007

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Study	Phase	Population	Analyzed Enrollment	Group	Results	Evaluation	Publication Date


ASCO2008	Not Applicable	Breast Cancer Neoadjuvant	52	TAC	(cjlybuuovx) = sukmfvzuam nsdrgqypal (lmatmyrrrw ) View more	-	20 May 2008
				A and C	(cjlybuuovx) = jrsrscnwip nsdrgqypal (lmatmyrrrw ) View more

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