PurposePosterior vitreous detachment (PVD) is implicated in numerous retinal pathologies. A necessary step in developing new therapies, an area of significant interest, is a quantifiable assessment of posterior vitreous adhesion (PVA) that is also clinically relevant.MethodsA 23-gauge vitrector was used at varying levels of vacuum to attempt PVD induction in a porcine eye model injected with either balanced salt solution (BSS) (control) or plasmin (2, 3, or 5 U), which can pharmacologically induce PVD.ResultsThe average minimum vacuum necessary to induce a PVD was 395 ± 28 mm Hg for BSS alone, 385 ± 58 mm Hg for 2 U of plasmin, 265 ± 53 mm Hg for 3 U of plasmin, and 145 ± 28 mm Hg for 5 U of plasmin. We demonstrated a dose-dependent response curve with increasing amounts of plasmin, leading to a statistically significantly lower minimum vacuum necessary to induce a PVD except between BSS and 2 U plasmin.ConclusionsA dose-dependent relationship between plasmin concentration and PVD was demonstrated. We believe that this model offers significant benefits over prior work as it minimizes confounding manipulations and offers a quantitative assessment that is translatable to in vivo surgical models.Translational RelevanceThis is the first methodology to quantitatively assess the degree of vitreous adhesion in situ.

01 Jul 2024·Stroke

Lack of Interactions Between Alteplase/Tenecteplase and the Adenosine A1R/A3R Agonist AST-004

Article

Author: Korinek, William S ; Lechleiter, James D ; Liston, Theodore E ; Holstein, Deborah ; Solt, Derek ; Lozano, Damian

BACKGROUND:AST-004, a small molecule agonist of the adenosine A1 and A3 receptors, is a potential cerebroprotectant for patients with acute stroke and is currently in clinical trials. Drug-drug interactions are critically important to assess in the context of acute stroke care. Lytic therapy with tPA (tissue-type plasminogen activator)–induced plasmin formation (alteplase) is the only available pharmacotherapy for acute stroke. Consequently, it is imperative to evaluate potential interactions between AST-004 and tPAs such as alteplase and tenecteplase.METHODS:The interactions between AST-004 and tPAs were evaluated in 3 ways in preparation for AST-004 phase II trials. First, the metabolic stability of AST-004 was determined in the presence of alteplase and plasmin. Second, the potential for AST-004 to influence the thrombolytic efficacy of alteplase and tenecteplase was evaluated with an in vitro assay system utilizing a fluorogenic substrate of plasmin. Finally, the potential for AST-004 to influence the thrombolytic efficacy of alteplase was also determined with an in vitro thrombolysis assay of human blood thrombi.RESULTS:Neither alteplase nor plasmin affected the stability of AST-004 in vitro. In 2 different in vitro systems, AST-004 had no effect on the ability of alteplase or tenecteplase to generate plasmin, and AST-004 had no effect on the thrombolytic efficacy of alteplase to lyse blood clots in human blood.CONCLUSIONS:These studies indicate that there will be no interactions between AST-004 and tPAs such as alteplase or tenecteplase in patients with stroke undergoing thrombolytic therapy.

01 May 2023·Experimental Eye Research

A novel recombinant human microplasminogen induced complete posterior vitreous detachment without morphological change of retina in juvenile rabbits

Article

Author: Liu, Rong-zeng ; Zhao, Bing ; Wang, Tian-fa ; Yu, Jin-chao ; Hu, Ya-jun ; Zhang, Yan-ling ; Yu, Min ; Wang, Yu-xiong

Vitreomacular traction syndrome results from persistent vitreoretinal adhesions in the setting of partial posterior vitreous detachment (PVD). Vitrectomy and reattachment of retina is an effective therapeutic approach. The adhesion between vitreous cortex and internal limiting membrane (ILM) of the retina is stronger in youth, which brings difficulties to induce PVD in vitrectomy. Several clinical investigations demonstrated that intravitreous injection of plasmin before vitrectomy could reduce the risk of detachment. In our study, a novel recombinant human microplasminogen (rhμPlg) was expressed by Pichia pastoris. Molecular docking showed that the binding of rhμPlg with tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) was similar to plasminogen, suggesting rh μPlg could be activated by t-PA to generate microplasmin (μPlm). Moreover, rhμPlg had higher catalytic activity than plasminogen in amidolytic assays. Complete PVD was found at vitreous posterior pole of 125 μg rhμPlg-treated eyes without morphological change of retina in juvenile rabbits via intraocular injection. Our results demonstrate that rhμPlg has a potential value in the treatment of vitreoretinopathy.

100 Deals associated with Plasmin

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10 top approved records.

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Indication	Country/Location	Organization	Date
Brain Infarction	CN	Jilin Jinsheng Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd.	22 May 2003
Thromboangiitis Obliterans	CN	Beijing Science Sun Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.	01 Jan 1999
Thrombotic cerebral infarction	CN	Beijing Science Sun Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.	01 Jan 1999

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Study	Phase	Population	Analyzed Enrollment	Group	Results	Evaluation	Publication Date


PA022 (AAO2008)	Not Applicable	Diabetic macular oedema	-	Intravitreal Plasmin	(rickzjhlsd) = wlfnfmsqqd nrrgqnfccr (raechycomp, 0.24) View more	Positive	09 Nov 2008
ARVO2002	Not Applicable	-	16	Plasmin 1U combined with hyaluronidase 20U	kcrltmqlhq(sgnaiyrirm) = tztswldpgb rtamdviuka (yfzxsxmtjf )	Positive	01 Dec 2002
				Plasmin 1U alone	kcrltmqlhq(sgnaiyrirm) = cvtmgmahsq rtamdviuka (yfzxsxmtjf )
AAO2000	Not Applicable	Diabetic Retinopathy	-	Autologous Plasmin Enzyme (APE)	(tcnzdxhlxm) = civetcopeg hvaojxwyjm (olxikakjqw )	Positive	23 Oct 2000
				Autologous Plasmin Enzyme	(tcnzdxhlxm) = jxthcmhxnz hvaojxwyjm (olxikakjqw )

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