Delving into the Latest Updates on Influenza A virus vaccine H5N2 intranasal(Institute Of Experimental Medicine Of The Russian Academy Of Medical Sciences) with Synapse

Overview

Basic Info

Drug Type

Prophylactic vaccine

Synonyms

GPO Avian Flu Vaccine, Influenza A virus vaccine H5N2 intranasal, Intranasal H5N2 vaccine

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Target-

Mechanism

Immunostimulants

Therapeutic Areas

Infectious DiseasesRespiratory Diseases

Active Indication

Influenza, Human

Inactive Indication-

Originator Organization

Institute Of Experimental Medicine Of The Russian Academy Of Medical Sciences

Active Organization

Institute Of Experimental Medicine Of The Russian Academy Of Medical Sciences

Inactive Organization-

Drug Highest PhaseApproved

First Approval Date

RU (28 Nov 2012),

Influenza, Human

Regulation-

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BackgroundRecent outbreaks of clade 2.3.4.4b highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 viruses in regions previously less affected since 2020 have raised global concerns. Implementing mass immunization or ring vaccination in poultry should be a countermeasure ready to contain disease outbreaks. This study focuses on developing a recombinant H5N2 vaccine based on virus-like particles (VLPs) against clade 2.3.4.4c, the predominant HPAI subclade in Taiwan since its emergence, leading to a large outbreak in 2015.MethodsThe study aimed to confirm the effectiveness of clade 2.3.4.4c H5N2 VLPs in protecting chickens and identify the best adjuvants for the VLP vaccine. We used Montanide 71VG-adjuvanted inactivated RG6 to establish the immunization protocol, followed by prime-boost H5N2-VLP immunizations. We compared adjuvants: 71VG, 71VG with VP3, and Alum with VP3. Serum samples were tested for antibodies against homologous vaccine antigens and cross-clade antigens by hemagglutination inhibition (HI) assays. Finally, we evaluated the protective efficacy by lethally challenging immunized chickens with H5 viruses from clade 1 or 2.3.4.4c.ResultsPoultry adjuvant 71VG significantly enhanced antibody responses in chickens with inactivated RG6 compared to unadjuvanted inactivated virus. While increasing antigen dosage enhanced 71VG adjuvanted RG6-induced antibody titers, the vaccine displayed minimal cross-reactivity against locally circulating HPAI H5N2. In contrast, H5N2-VLP containing the HA protein of clade 2.3.4.4c, adjuvanted with (FMDV) VP3 in 71VG, significantly promoted HI antibody responses. All H5N2-VLP immunized chickens survived lethal challenges with the local clade 2.3.4.4c H5 strain.ConclusionThe study demonstrated the immunogenic potential of the VLP vaccine in chickens. Our findings offer insights for optimizing VLP vaccines, allowing the incorporation of the HA of currently circulating H5 viruses to effectively mitigate the impact of the rapidly evolving clade 2.3.4.4 H5 outbreaks.

01 Dec 2022·Animal Diseases

Evaluating α-galactosylceramide as an adjuvant for live attenuated influenza vaccines in pigs

Article

Author: Artiaga, Bianca L ; Morozov, Igor ; Indran, Sabarish V ; Henningson, Jamie ; Ransburgh, Russell ; Balaraman, Velmurugan ; De Carvalho Madrid, Darling Melany ; Gu, Weihong ; Driver, John P ; Richt, Jürgen A ; Kwon, Taeyong ; Ma, Wenjun

AbstractNatural killer T (NKT) cells activated with the glycolipid ligand α-galactosylceramide (α-GalCer) stimulate a wide variety of immune cells that enhance vaccine-mediated immune responses. Several studies have used this approach to adjuvant inactivated and subunit influenza A virus (IAV) vaccines, including to enhance cross-protective influenza immunity. However, less is known about whether α-GalCer can enhance live attenuated influenza virus (LAIV) vaccines, which usually induce superior heterologous and heterosubtypic immunity compared to non-replicating influenza vaccines. The current study used the swine influenza challenge model to assess whether α-GalCer can enhance cross-protective immune responses elicited by a recombinant H3N2 LAIV vaccine (TX98ΔNS1) encoding a truncated NS1 protein. In one study, weaning pigs were administered the H3N2 TX98ΔNS1 LAIV vaccine with 0, 10, 50, and 100 μg/kg doses of α-GalCer, and subsequently challenged with a heterologous H3N2 virus. All treatment groups were protected from infection. However, the addition of α-GalCer appeared to suppress nasal shedding of the LAIV vaccine. In another experiment, pigs vaccinated with the H3N2 LAIV, with or without 50 μg/kg of α-GalCer, were challenged with the heterosubtypic pandemic H1N1 virus. Pigs vaccinated with the LAIV alone generated cross-reactive humoral and cellular responses which blocked virus replication in the airways, and significantly decreased virus shedding. On the other hand, combining the vaccine with α-GalCer reduced cross-protective cellular and antibody responses, and resulted in higher virus titers in respiratory tissues. These findings suggest that: (i) high doses of α-GalCer impair the replication and nasal shedding of the LAIV vaccine; and (ii) α-GalCer might interfere with heterosubtypic cross-protective immune responses. This research raise concerns that should be considered before trying to use NKT cell agonists as a possible adjuvant approach for LAIV vaccines.

01 Nov 2022·Vaccine

Reverse genetics based H5N2 vaccine provides clinical protection against H5N1, H5N8 and H9N2 avian influenza infection in chickens

Article

Author: Bhatia, Sandeep ; Kalaiyarasu, Semmannan ; Bhandari, Nisha ; Panickan, Sivasankar ; Sood, Richa ; Tripathi, Meghna ; Pateriya, Atul Kumar ; Bhat, Sushant

The current study aimed to develop broadly protective vaccines for avian influenza. In an earlier study, HA stalk (universal flu vaccine) was found to be broadly protective against different subtypes of influenza virus in mice. Hence, we were interested to know its breadth of protective efficacy either alone or combined with inactivated rgH5N2 (clade 2.3.2.1a) vaccine against challenge viruses of homologous H5N1, heterologous H5N8 (clade 2.3.4.4) and heterosubtypic H9N2 virus in specific pathogen-free chickens. The rgH5N2 vaccine alone or in combination with HA stalk elicited sufficient pre-challenge immunity in the form of haemagglutination inhibiting (HI) antibodies and neutralizing antibodies (MNT) against H5N1, H5N8, and H9N2 in chickens. The rgH5N2 vaccine alone or in combination with HA stalk also attenuated the shedding of H5N1, H5N8 and H9N2 in chickens and protected against the lethal challenge of H5N1 or H5N8. In contrast, all HA stalk immunised chickens died upon H5N1 or H5N8 challenge and H9N2 challenged chickens survived. Our study suggests that the rgH5N2 vaccine can provide clinical protection against H5N1, H5N8 and can attenuate the viral shedding of H9N2 in chickens.

100 Deals associated with Influenza A virus vaccine H5N2 intranasal(Institute Of Experimental Medicine Of The Russian Academy Of Medical Sciences)

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External Link

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R&D Status

10 top approved records.

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Indication	Country/Location	Organization	Date
Influenza, Human	RU	Institute Of Experimental Medicine Of The Russian Academy Of Medical Sciences	28 Nov 2012

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Clinical Result

Indication

Phase

Evaluation

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Study	Phase	Population	Analyzed Enrollment	Group	Results	Evaluation	Publication Date


NCT01982331 (CTgov)	Phase 1	Influenza, Human	38	LAIV H2N2 (LAIV H2N2 Vaccine)	wsrtxnpnww(fewfyovmlu) = vmjscmchox kcqptnkhki (ssfigjlllp, tstybtviwt - nrtkzllrpn) View more	-	06 Feb 2019
NCT01982331 (CTgov)	Phase 1	Influenza, Human	38	Placebo (Placebo)	wsrtxnpnww(fewfyovmlu) = yeoysedtfl kcqptnkhki (ssfigjlllp, prfvhlorpw - xtskqwaviv) View more	-	06 Feb 2019
IAS2004	Not Applicable	HIV Infections	-	GPO-VIR	(tcmqqwfzuk) = Adverse events (rash, hepatitis, and nausea/vomiting) were found in 13 (14%) patients. wwwpibrfcq (twjremhcci )	-	01 Jan 2004