Delving into the Latest Updates on Azadirachta indica Extract with Synapse

Overview

Basic Info

Drug Type

Herbal medicine

Synonyms

Neem

Target-

Mechanism-

Therapeutic Areas

Mouth and Tooth Diseases

Active Indication

Periodontitis

Inactive Indication-

Originator Organization

Ain Shams University

Active Organization

Ain Shams University

Inactive Organization-

Drug Highest PhasePhase 2

First Approval Date-

Regulation-

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Introduction:Chikungunya Virus (CHIKV), a mosquito-transmitted pathogen, poses a significant global health threat owing to its widespread prevalence and high morbidity. There are no approved vaccines or antivirals for prevention or treatment. Screening of folklore medicinal plants has emerged as a promising approach to finding novel therapeutics to combat pathogens. Hence, this study aimed to evaluate the anti-chikungunya potential of folklore medicinal plants and their phytochemicals.Methods:Maximum non-toxic concentrations (MNTD) of the extracts to Vero cells were determined by the cytotoxicity assay. A Focus-Forming Unit (FFU) assay was used to assess the antiviral activity of the extracts (at MNTD) against CHIKV in Vero cells under pre-, co-, and post-treatment conditions. GC-MS was used to detect the phytochemicals of the extracts, and Schrodinger (Maestro) software was employed for their molecular docking against the target protein of CHIKV.Results:Azadirachta indica exhibited anti-CHIKV activity during pre- and post-treatment, decreasing the virus titer from 8.145 to 7.998 and 8.361 to 8.040 mean log10 FFU/ml, respectively. Calendula officinalis and Piper retrofractum exhibited anti-CHIKV activity only during post-treatment (8.361 to 8.135, 8.361 to 8.075). Moreover, molecular docking studies of phytochemicals detected in GCMS analysis of all the extracts revealed that many phytochemicals (especially F3, F5, F6, and A1) could bind to the non-structural protein (nSP2) target of CHIKV and suppress the viral replication.Conclusion:The screened plants showed the ability to inhibit CHIKV infection and replication and hold potential for further investigation in developing treatments for Chikungunya.

22 Aug 2024·International Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry

Comparative Evaluation of Microbial Reduction Using Silver Diamine Fluoride, Azadirachta indica (Neem) and Sodium Hypochlorite as Root Canal Irrigants after Biomechanical Preparation in Uniradicular Canals: An In Vivo Study

Article

Author: Dhinsa, Kavita ; Yadav, Gunjan ; Saha, Sonali ; Sharma, Prerna ; Raj, Shruti ; Sharma, Anshul ; Sharma, Prerna ; Dhinsa, Kavita ; Raj, Shruti ; Saha, Sonali ; Yadav, Gunjan

BackgroundIt is difficult to completely eradicate microorganisms from the infected root canal system. Intracanal irrigants seem necessary for eradication of infected tissues and microorganisms in addition to mechanical debridement. Continuous use of chemical antimicrobial agents leads to serious side effects. Therefore, the need arises for alternative agents to overcome the disadvantages of their chemical counterparts.AimTo evaluate and compare the antimicrobial efficacy of three endodontic irrigants against clinically isolated bacteria found in root canals containing necrotic pulp.Materials and methodsPreirrigation sample were collected using sterile paper points and sent for microbial count. Chemomechanical preparation was performed, and the root canals were irrigated with 5 mL of test samples. After 3 days, the patient was recalled, and a postirrigation sample was collected and sent for microbial count.Result synthesisBoth 3.8% silver diamine fluoride (SDF) and 3% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) showed a superior capacity to sterilize the root canals compared to the neem group.ConclusionThe use of SDF as an endodontic irrigant is feasible as it effectively removes the microbes present in the canal.Clinical significanceSilver diamine fluoride has not been shown to be cytotoxic or carcinogenic, unlike NaOCl, suggesting it could be used as a potential endodontic irrigant. However, few studies have evaluated the antimicrobial efficacy of SDF as an endodontic irrigant.How to cite this articleRaj S, Sharma A, Dhinsa K, et al. Comparative Evaluation of Microbial Reduction Using Silver Diamine Fluoride, Azadirachta indica (Neem) and Sodium Hypochlorite as Root Canal Irrigants after Biomechanical Preparation in Uniradicular Canals: An In Vivo Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2024;17(6):625-629.

15 Aug 2024·Heliyon

Molecular identification and eco-friendly management of rice brown planthoppers in Bangladesh.

Article

Author: Rahman, Mohammad Atikur ; Jahan, S M Hemayet ; Kar, Moumita ; Datta, Shuvo Dip

Infestation by various insect pests is the main constraint for growing rice where rice brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens Stål) can severely damage rice plants directly through feeding. Therefore, the study aims to detect rice brown planthoppers (BPH) and provide environment-friendly management tactics to mitigate the problem which caused by brown planthoppers. The BPH samples were collected from rice fields of different locations in the Patuakhali of Bangladesh for molecular identification. A molecularly single species of rice brown planthopper, Nilaparavata lugens was identified using mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (mtCOI) universal marker. The nucleotide sequences of collected samples were compared with other nucleotide sequences from the GenBank database of NCBI, which make single clades in the phylogenetic tree at an insignificant distance. Moreover, brown planthopper management observations were recorded in laboratory conditions after providing an artificial diet with different treatments of plant-based insecticides Neem oil (1 %, 5 %, and 10 %), Castor oil (1 %, 5 %, and 10 %) where only 20 % sucrose solution was used as negative control and Abamectin (1 %, 5 % and 10 %) were also used as a positive control for comparing the efficacy of plant-based insecticides on rice brown planthoppers. The results showed the highest mortality (100 %) of rice brown planthoppers was recorded by Abamectin 10 %, followed by Abamectin 5 %. Neem 10 % performed better than Abamectin 1 % during 1st hour. Initial after exposure of 2nd hour for Abamectin 1 % revealed greater mortality (59 %) than Neem 10 %. Neem 5 % showed less effect on mortality in brown planthopper than Neem 10 % but was higher than Neem 1 % during 6 h of observation. The Castor oil of 10 % caused higher mortality than the Castor of 5 % but not up to the marks of Abamectin and different concentrations of Neem oil. Castor oil of 1 % and control have shown no mortality of brown planthopper for 6 h of observation.

100 Deals associated with Azadirachta indica Extract

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R&D Status

10 top R&D records.

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Indication	Highest Phase	Country/Location	Organization	Date
Periodontitis	Phase 2	EG	Ain Shams University	01 Sep 2021

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Clinical Result

Indication

Phase

Evaluation

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Study	Phase	Population	Analyzed Enrollment	Group	Results	Evaluation	Publication Date


NCT01898091 (OM, CTgov)	Phase 2	Neoplasms \| radiation oral mucositis	50	Placebo Mouthrinse+Neem Mouthrinse (Neem Mouthrinse)	jrawaacowj(lpixzfvgaj) = yplrqqpsni bggkigxvud (oeawerxftg, teltjdbvce - jjvjnravax) View more	-	06 Mar 2017
				Placebo Mouthrinse (Placebo Mouthrinse)	jrawaacowj(lpixzfvgaj) = faildghoqq bggkigxvud (oeawerxftg, pqrwbidkph - bkpavmetoc) View more