The investigators' previous studies demonstrate geriatric subject skin responds differently to ultraviolet B (UVB) light compared to young subject skin, which contribute to increased rates of nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC) and actinic keratosis (AK) development in geriatric populations. Previously, the investigators have shown that therapeutic dermal remodeling interventions (e.g., fractionated laser resurfacing and microneedling) can restore appropriate skin responses to UVB in geriatric skin. The investigators also demonstrated fractionated laser resurfacing (FLR) reduced rates of NMSC and AK development (compared to untreated control skin) in at risk geriatric subjects.
This interventional study will assess the ability of two therapeutic dermal remodeling therapies, microneedling and trichloroacetic acid chemical (TCA) peel, to impact NMSC and AK development in at risk geriatric subjects. Geriatric subjects will be enrolled into one of two study groups. In the first group, one arm will be treated with microneedling and the other arm will not be treated on day 1. In the second group, one arm will be treated with TCA peel and the other arm will not be treated on day 1. Subjects will subsequently be monitored for number of NMSC and AK on treated and untreated (control) forearms in each group. In addition to monitoring NMSC and AK development, subjects at the Richard L. Roudebush VAMC will undergo skin punch biopsy at one of their follow up visits for microscopic and molecular analyses of treated and untreated skin.

Start Date01 Nov 2026

Sponsor / Collaborator

VA Office of Research and Development

CTRI/2026/09/116904

/ Not yet recruitingNot ApplicableIIT

Comparison Of Efficacy And Safety Of 25 Percent Trichloroacetic Acid Peel Versus Fractional CO2 Laser With Topical Tranexamic Acid In Patients Of Primary Cutaneous Amyloidosis : A Randomised Control Study. - NIL

Start Date15 Sep 2026

Sponsor / Collaborator-

NL-OMON61363

/ RecruitingNot ApplicableIIT

VIGOR study - Vinegar Intake for Glycemic Outcome Regulation - VIGOR study

Start Date26 Aug 2026

Sponsor / Collaborator-

100 Clinical Results associated with Acetic Acid, Glacial

100 Translational Medicine associated with Acetic Acid, Glacial

100 Patents (Medical) associated with Acetic Acid, Glacial

158,736

Literatures (Medical) associated with Acetic Acid, Glacial

01 Jan 2027·Journal of Geriatric Oncology

Non-surgical therapies for localized non-melanoma skin cancer in older adults: A review

Review

Author: Caudill, Jennifer ; Kizy, Selene M ; Gardner, Kenzie ; Baylis, Luke T ; Nellis, Julia

Non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSCs) represent the most common malignancies in the United States, with a rapidly rising incidence that disproportionately affects older adults. While surgery remains the gold-standard treatment for NMSCs, an often-overlooked reality is that many affected older adults face a combination of comorbidities, cognitive impairment, functional limitations, and logistical barriers that make surgical treatment impractical or unrealistic. Accordingly, this review examines the role of non-surgical therapies (NSTs) as essential alternatives for older patients, highlighting their mechanisms, clinical utility, and older adult-specific considerations. Specifically, topical agents such as 5-fluorouracil, imiquimod, tirbanibulin, retinoids, and trichloroacetic acid offer effective, less-invasive options for superficial lesions but rely heavily on adherence, which may be compromised in cognitively impaired or functionally-limited individuals. Intralesional therapies (including 5-fluorouracil and methotrexate), on the other hand, provide high clearance rates with minimal systemic toxicity, while also reducing patient responsibility and daily application. Mechanical techniques like cryosurgery and electrodessication and curettage offer efficient, cost-effective treatments but require wound care that may be difficult for some older adults to manage. Photodynamic therapy and radiation modalities (SRT, IGSRT, brachytherapy, and EBRT) demonstrate strong short-term efficacy but may be limited by treatment-related discomfort of the need for multiple visits, posing challenges for those with transportation barriers. Importantly, systemic therapies such as hedgehog pathway inhibitors and PD-1 inhibitors are effective for advanced or inoperable disease, but carry significant toxicities and treatment burdens that limit their suitability for older patients, especially those with polypharmacy concerns. Furthermore, this review emphasizes that across all modalities, NST selection must prioritize geriatric principles, balancing efficacy with safety, comfort, functional status, cognitive capacity, support systems, and patient preferences. As the aging population grows and NMSC numbers expand in parallel, individualized, patient-centered care and expanded older adult-focused research are essential to optimizing treatment outcomes for older adults.

01 Dec 2026·ARCHIVES OF MICROBIOLOGY

Enhanced ethanol fermentation by thermotolerant Pichia kudriavzevii LC671435 in the presence of major lignocellulosic inhibitors

Article

Author: Ugwuanyi, Jerry Obeta ; Ogbonna, James Chukwuma ; Nnabuife, Obianuju Obiajulu ; Ahamefule, Chukwuemeka Samson ; Ndubuisi, Ifeanyi Amara

Lignocellulosic biomass is a sustainable feedstock for bioethanol production, but its industrial utilization is hindered by fermentation inhibitors generated during biomass pretreatment, including furfural, acetic acid, and formic acid. Developing robust thermotolerant yeasts capable of maintaining high ethanol productivity under these inhibitory conditions is essential for economically viable bioprocesses. This study evaluated the growth, viability, and fermentative performance of the thermotolerant yeast Pichia kudriavzevii LC671435 in the presence of major lignocellulosic inhibitors at 42 °C. The strain exhibited remarkable tolerance, remaining viable at concentrations of up to 35 mM furfural, 100 mM acetic acid, and 50 mM formic acid. Under these conditions, ethanol production reached 40.4 g/L (79.2% theoretical yield) in the presence of 35 mM furfural, 41.2 g/L (80.8% theoretical yield) with 80 mM acetic acid, and 39.3 g/L (77.1% theoretical yield) with 50 mM formic acid. Ethanol productivity remained above 2.0 g/L/h during the first 16 h of fermentation across all inhibitor treatments. Although combined inhibitor cocktails reduced fermentation efficiency, the strain consistently maintained ethanol production and retained fermentative activity over four consecutive repeated-batch fermentations although ethanol production progressively declined. These findings demonstrate that P. kudriavzevii LC671435 combines thermotolerance with broad inhibitor tolerance, enabling efficient ethanol production under conditions relevant to lignocellulosic biorefineries. This unique multi-stress-tolerant feature of P. kudriavzevii LC671435 makes it a potential strain for second-generation bioethanol production as well as positions it as a suitable candidate for investigating the molecular basis underlying the robust stress tolerance.

01 Dec 2026·Biotechnology reports (Amsterdam, Netherlands)

Acetic acid induces strain-specific metabolic adaptation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae during pH stress

Article

Author: Trchounian, Karen ; Guaragnella, Nicoletta ; Azbekyan, Gohar ; Shirvanyan, Anahit

This study investigates the effects of acetic acid (AA) on the central carbon metabolism of S. cerevisiae ATCC 9804 and ATCC 13,007 under aerobic or static cultivation at pH 3.0. 10 mM AA caused only minor physiological changes, whereas 20 mM AA stimulated respiratory activity, increasing oxygen consumption up to 3.0-fold. In contrast, 50 mM AA markedly impaired metabolism, reducing biomass formation ∼ 110.0-fold under static cultivation, decreasing CO₂ production ∼ 250-fold, and suppressing glucose utilization and ethanol production. ATCC 9804 maintained higher respiratory capacity, acetate utilization, biomass carbon recovery, whereas ATCC 13,007 exhibited pronounced metabolic exhaustion under static cultivation. The results demonstrate that maintenance of respiratory capacity and efficient carbon flux allocation are key determinants of AA tolerance at pH 3.0. These findings provide new insights into the metabolic mechanisms underlying weak organic acid adaptation and offer framework for engineering robust industrial yeast strains.

News (Medical) associated with Acetic Acid, Glacial

27 Jan 2026

·www.sciencedaily.com

These common food preservatives may be linked to cancer

A large French study tracking more than 100,000 people over a decade has found that higher consumption of certain food preservatives—commonly found in processed foods and drinks—is linked to a modestly higher cancer risk. While many preservatives showed no association, several widely used ones, including potassium sorbate, sulfites, sodium nitrite, and potassium nitrate, were tied to increased risks of overall cancer and specific types such as breast and prostate cancer.A large study from France published by The BMJ reports that people who consume higher amounts of food preservatives may face a slightly increased risk of developing cancer. These additives are commonly used in industrially processed foods and drinks to extend shelf life. The researchers emphasize that more studies are needed to fully understand the relationship. Still, they say the findings raise important questions about current regulations and suggest that safety standards for food preservatives may need to be re-examined to better protect consumers. Why Preservatives Are Under Scrutiny Food preservatives are added to packaged products to prevent spoilage and extend how long foods remain safe to eat. Previous laboratory research has shown that some preservatives can damage cells and DNA. However, until now, there has been limited real world evidence directly linking these additives to cancer risk. To explore this issue more closely, researchers analyzed long term dietary and health data collected between 2009 and 2023. Their goal was to determine whether exposure to specific preservative food additives was associated with cancer risk in adults. A Large and Detailed Long Term Study The study followed 105,260 participants aged 15 years and older (average age 42 years; 79% women) who were part of the NutriNet-Santé cohort. All participants were cancer free at the start and regularly completed detailed 24 hour brand-specific dietary records over an average period of 7.5 years. Researchers then tracked cancer diagnoses using health questionnaires along with official medical and death records through December 31, 2023. Preservatives Examined in the Study The analysis focused on 17 individual preservatives, including citric acid, lecithins, total sulfites, ascorbic acid, sodium nitrite, potassium sorbate, sodium erythorbate, sodium ascorbate, potassium metabisulfite, and potassium nitrate. These preservatives were categorized into two groups. Non-antioxidants inhibit microbial growth or slow chemical reactions that cause spoilage. Antioxidants help delay food deterioration by reducing or limiting oxygen exposure in packaging. Cancer Cases Identified During the follow-up period, 4,226 participants were diagnosed with cancer. These cases included 1,208 breast cancers, 508 prostate cancers, 352 colorectal cancers, and 2,158 other types of cancer. When researchers looked at all preservatives combined, they found no overall link with cancer risk. In addition, 11 of the 17 preservatives studied individually showed no association with cancer incidence. Specific Preservatives Linked to Increased Risk Higher intake of several individual preservatives was linked to a greater risk of cancer, particularly among non-antioxidant preservatives. These included potassium sorbate, potassium metabisulfite, sodium nitrite, potassium nitrate, and acetic acid. Total sorbates, especially potassium sorbate, were associated with a 14% higher risk of overall cancer and a 26% higher risk of breast cancer. Total sulfites were linked to a 12% increase in overall cancer risk. Sodium nitrite was associated with a 32% higher risk of prostate cancer. Potassium nitrate was linked to a 13% increased risk of overall cancer and a 22% higher risk of breast cancer. Total acetates were associated with a 15% higher risk of overall cancer and a 25% higher risk of breast cancer. Acetic acid alone was linked to a 12% increase in overall cancer risk. Among antioxidant preservatives, only total erythorbates and sodium erythorbate were associated with a higher incidence of cancer. Possible Biological Explanations The researchers note that several of the preservatives linked to cancer risk may affect immune function and inflammation. These changes could potentially contribute to cancer development, although more research is needed to confirm these mechanisms. Because this was an observational study, it cannot prove that preservatives directly cause cancer. The authors also acknowledge that other unmeasured factors could have influenced the results. Why the Findings Still Matter Despite these limitations, the researchers point out that the study was large, relied on detailed dietary data linked to food databases, and followed participants for more than a decade. They add that the findings align with existing experimental research suggesting cancer related effects for some of these compounds. Based on the results, they conclude: "This study brings new insights for the future re-evaluation of the safety of these food additives by health agencies, considering the balance between benefit and risk for food preservation and cancer." Implications for Consumers and Policy The researchers encourage food manufacturers to reduce the use of unnecessary preservatives and support guidance for consumers to choose freshly prepared, minimally processed foods whenever possible. In a related editorial, US researchers note that preservatives do offer clear benefits, including longer shelf life and lower food costs, which can be especially important for lower income populations. However, they argue that the widespread and often poorly monitored use of these additives, combined with uncertainty about long term health effects, calls for a more balanced regulatory approach. They suggest that findings from NutriNet-Santé could prompt regulators to revisit existing policies. Possible steps include stricter limits on preservative use, clearer labeling, mandatory disclosure of additive content, and international monitoring efforts similar to those used for trans fatty acids and sodium. "At the individual level, public health guidance is already more definitive about the reduction of processed meat and alcohol intake, offering actionable steps even as evidence on the carcinogenic effects of preservatives is evolving," they conclude.

Clinical Result

09 Jan 2026

·www.sciencedaily.com

Common food preservatives linked to higher risk of type 2 diabetes

Foods that rely heavily on preservatives may be doing more than extending shelf life. In a large study spanning more than a decade, people with the highest intake of preservative additives were far more likely to develop type 2 diabetes. The increased risk appeared across many commonly used additives found in everyday processed foods. Researchers say the findings support advice to limit highly processed products when possible.People who consume higher amounts of food preservatives may face a greater risk of developing type 2 diabetes, according to a large new study. Preservatives are commonly added to processed foods and beverages to extend shelf life. The research was conducted by scientists from Inserm, INRAE, Sorbonne Paris Nord University, Paris Cité University and Cnam as part of the Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (CRESS-EREN). The findings are based on health and diet data from more than 100,000 adults enrolled in the NutriNet-Santé cohort and were published in the journal Nature Communications. Preservatives are part of the broader category of food additives and are widely used throughout the global food supply. Their presence is extensive. In 2024, the Open Food Facts World database listed around three and a half million food and beverage products. More than 700,000 of those products contained at least one preservative. Two Major Types of Preservative Additives In their analysis, Inserm researchers divided preservative additives into two main groups. The first group includes non-antioxidant preservatives, which slow spoilage by limiting microbial growth or slowing chemical reactions in food. The second group consists of antioxidant additives, which help preserve foods by reducing or controlling exposure to oxygen in packaging. On ingredient labels, these additives typically appear under European codes between E200 and E299 (for preservatives in the strict sense) and between E300 and E399 (for antioxidant additives). Why Researchers Are Investigating Preservatives Earlier experimental research has raised concerns that some preservatives may harm cells or DNA and interfere with normal metabolic processes. However, direct evidence linking preservative intake to type 2 diabetes in large human populations has been limited until now. To better understand this potential connection, a research team led by Mathilde Touvier, Inserm Research Director, examined long-term exposure to food preservatives and the incidence of type 2 diabetes using detailed data from the NutriNet-Santé study. Tracking Diet and Health Over More Than a Decade The study followed more than 100,000 French adults between 2009 and 2023. Participants regularly provided information about their medical history, socio-demographic background, physical activity, lifestyle habits, and overall health. They also submitted detailed food records covering multiple 24-hour periods. These records included the names and brands of industrial food products they consumed. Researchers cross-referenced this information with several databases (Open Food Facts, Oqali, EFSA) and combined it with measurements of additives in foods and beverages. This allowed the team to estimate each participant's long-term exposure to preservatives. Measuring Preservative Consumption Across all food records, researchers identified a total of 58 preservative-related additives. This included 33 preservatives in the strict sense and 27 antioxidant additives. From this group, 17 preservatives were analyzed individually because they were consumed by at least 10% of the study participants. The analysis accounted for many factors that could influence diabetes risk, including age, sex, education, smoking, alcohol use, and overall diet quality (calories, sugar, salt, saturated fats, fibre, etc.). Diabetes Cases and Risk Increases Over the study period, 1,131 cases of type 2 diabetes were identified among the 108,723 participants. Compared with people who consumed the lowest levels of preservatives, those with higher intake showed a markedly increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Overall preservative consumption was linked to a 47% higher risk. Non-antioxidant preservatives were associated with a 49% increase, while antioxidant additives were linked to a 40% higher risk. Specific Preservatives Associated With Risk Among the 17 preservatives examined individually, higher intake of 12 was associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes. These included widely used non-antioxidant preservatives (potassium sorbate (E202), potassium metabisulphite (E224), sodium nitrite (E250), acetic acid (E260), sodium acetates (E262) and calcium propionate (E282)) as well as antioxidant additives (sodium ascorbate (E301), alpha-tocopherol (E307), sodium erythorbate (E316), citric acid (E330), phosphoric acid (E338) and rosemary extracts (E392)). What the Researchers Say "This is the first study in the world on the links between preservative additives and the incidence of type 2 diabetes. Although the results need to be confirmed, they are consistent with experimental data suggesting the harmful effects of several of these compounds," explains Mathilde Touvier, Inserm research director and coordinator of this work. "More broadly, these new data add to others in favor of a reassessment of the regulations governing the general use of food additives by the food industry in order to improve consumer protection," adds Anaïs Hasenböhler, a doctoral student at EREN who conducted these studies. "This work once again justifies the recommendations made by the National Nutrition and Health Programme to consumers to favor fresh, minimally processed foods and to limit unnecessary additives as much as possible," concludes Mathilde Touvier. This work was funded by the European Research Council (ERC ADDITIVES), the National Cancer Institute, and the French Ministry of Health.

Clinical Result

06 Jun 2025

·pharma.economictimes.indiatimes.com

API prices fall sharply, easing pressure on India's pharmaceutical industry

New Delhi: Prices of active pharmaceutical ingredients (API) used for manufacturing drugs are seeing a significant drop, bringing relief to India's pharmaceutical industry. The pharma industry depends largely on China for sourcing APIs, intermediates and bulk drugs. API prices had shot up during the Covid period and stayed elevated until last year. The situation has now started to change, reducing raw material cost and boosting profit margins for pharma companies. For instance, the price of paracetamol API has dropped from ₹900 per kg during the pandemic and ₹600 immediately after to ₹250 now, market sources told ET. The API for antibiotic meropenem has become cheaper at ₹45,000 per kg compared with ₹75,000. "Prices of APIs have gone down significantly. It's largely due to over-capacity. We are seeing a huge impact on the prices of antibiotics, steroids, hormones, statins, among others," said Mehul Shah, who tracks the Chinese pharmaceutical industry. Shah expects this trend to continue through this year. An industry expert said the prices have come down because of the aggressive strategy of Chinese suppliers to maintain market dominance. "This aggressive pricing has made Chinese APIs more attractive to Indian pharmaceutical companies, leading to increased imports when prices are low," he said on the condition of anonymity. Dinesh Dua, former chairman of the Pharmaceutical Export Promotion Council, said there were several factors that led to the price decline. "While China scaled up significantly after Covid-19, the demand for APIs has gone down too as India has taken steps to become self-reliant," he said. "India's government has implemented the production-linked incentive scheme to boost domestic API production. As a result, companies like Aurobindo Pharma and Torrent Pharmaceuticals have initiated local production of APIs such as penicillin-G. This increased domestic output has contributed to a surplus in supply, exerting downward pressure on prices." Dua said a decline in the prices of raw materials, such as acetic acid and para-aminophenol, essential for API production, has also contributed to lower costs. "Additionally, easing geopolitical tensions and improved logistics have reduced freight charges, further decreasing the overall cost of API," he added. According to industry experts, a gradual return of demand to pre-pandemic levels has also contributed to this situation. By Teena Thacker ,

100 Deals associated with Acetic Acid, Glacial

External Link

KEGG	Wiki	ATC	Drug Bank
D00010	Acetic Acid, Glacial	S02AA10 G01AD02	DB03166

R&D Status

10 top R&D records.

to view more data

Indication	Highest Phase	Country/Location	Organization	Date
Contraception	Phase 2	China	Shanghai New Asiatic Pharmaceutical Minhang Co. Ltd.	03 Jun 2024
Contraception	Phase 2	China	Shanghai Institute of Biomedical Technology	03 Jun 2024

Clinical Result

Indication

Phase

Evaluation

View All Results

Study	Phase	Population	Analyzed Enrollment	Group	Results	Evaluation	Publication Date


TRICIN (ESGO2022)	Phase 2	Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia HPV 16 \| other high risk types	102	85% TCA	lszszoltoa(rohazyriyu) = tfbwtgmrvc ihzeimxdjr (yvcawyrsrj, 66.0 - 83.5) View more	Positive	20 Oct 2022
TECAIN (IAS2021)	Not Applicable	Anal intraepithelial neoplasia	155	topical trichloroacetic acid (Electrocautery)	pqxputrysr(arloodpshb) = ixrnpqopce poinyywpey (pbojorvogs )	-	01 Jan 2021
				Topical trichloroacetic acid	pqxputrysr(arloodpshb) = rqoceupjws poinyywpey (pbojorvogs )
NCT02614703 (CTgov)	Phase 2/3	Barrett Esophagus	60	Chromoendoscopy using Acetic Acid 2.5% (Chromoendoscopy Using Acetic Acid 2.5%)	kpcgezexyp = lyzptgnclc tcfwwyngeh (okaqyoklqc, ecgxddbdyu - legtwocagj) View more	-	26 Aug 2019
				Standard random esophageal biopsies (Standard Random Esophageal Biopsies)	kpcgezexyp = uhdnjcatix tcfwwyngeh (okaqyoklqc, hjqopnygkb - lnusxqmdza) View more

Translational Medicine

Boost your research with our translational medicine data.

view full example data

Deal

Boost your decision using our deal data.

view full example data

Core Patent

Boost your research with our Core Patent data.

view full example data

Clinical Trial

Identify the latest clinical trials across global registries.

view full example data

Approval

Accelerate your research with the latest regulatory approval information.

view full example data

Regulation

Understand key drug designations in just a few clicks with Synapse.

view full example data

Hiro LS Researcher

The AI Search Engine Built to Accelerate Biopharma Decisions

Search across billion-scale life sciences data to uncover signals, validate evidence, and act with confidence.

Ask any biopharma research question→

Get started for free today!

Accelerate Strategic R&D decision making with Synapse, Patsnap’s AI-powered Connected Innovation Intelligence Platform Built for Life Sciences Professionals.

Discover Synapse Data Servers

Synapse data is now integrated into the PatSnap LS Model Context Protocol (MCP) service. Customize your LLM agent now using our MCP server!

Bio

Bio Sequences Search & Analysis

Chemical

Chemical Structures Search & Analysis