The Effect of Esketamine on Postoperative Anxiety in Women Undergoing In Vitro Fertilization-Embryo Transfer: A Double-Blind, Randomized Controlled Trial

Start Date01 Dec 2024

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100 Clinical Results associated with Esketamine Hydrochloride

100 Translational Medicine associated with Esketamine Hydrochloride

100 Patents (Medical) associated with Esketamine Hydrochloride

1,984

Literatures (Medical) associated with Esketamine Hydrochloride

01 Jan 2025·Journal of Affective Disorders

Electroconvulsive therapy combined with esketamine improved depression through PI3K/AKT/GLT-1 pathway

Article

Author: Hu, Jingping ; Zhang, Jingting ; Zang, Xiangyang ; Mo, Xingying ; Zhou, Shaoli ; Chen, Chaojin ; Zheng, Tingwei ; Ji, Jiaming ; Xing, Jibin

Neuron excitotoxic damage induced by extracellular glutamate accumulation pathologically is one of the main mechanisms of depression. Glutamate transporter-1 (GLT-1) expressed in astrocyte is responsible for glutamate clearance to maintain glutamate balance. Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is prevalently recommended for severe depression due to its significant anti-depressant effect. Esketamine could offer advantages of rapid anti-depressant effect and neuron protection. The aim of this study is to investigate the anti-depressant efficacy of esketamine plus ECT, and further to explore the mechanism. Firstly, total 12 patients were randomized into anesthesia with propofol (P) or propofol+esketamine (PK) before ECT. 24-Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) was used to evaluate the severity of depression after each ECT. Then, depressive rat model was built using chronic unpredictable mild stress method, and subsequently received infusion of esketamine (5 mg/kg) or saline before ECT treatment (0.5 mA; 100 V) for consecutive 10 days. Tests including sucrose preference test, open field test and forced swimming test were used to evaluate depression-like behaviors. In next experiments, rats were injected with RIL, DHK or LY294002 intracerebroventricularly for continuous 10 days before individual treatment. After the fifth and sixth ECT, PK group displayed lower HAMD score compared to P group. In rat model, we found that esketamine plus ECT could significantly improve depression-like behaviors and decrease glutamate level. Esketamine and ECT could both activate PI3K/Akt/GLT-1 pathway. The GLT-1 agonist RIL made equivalent effect as esketamine plus ECT. Furthermore, after using PI3K/Akt inhibitor LY294002 and GLT-1 inhibitor DHK, esketamine plus ECT could neither improve depression-like symptoms, nor upregulate GLT-1 level. Our present study suggested that esketamine plus ECT could dramatically improve depression symptom. The activation of PI3K/Akt/GLT-1 pathway may be the potential mechanism.

01 Jan 2025·Journal of Affective Disorders

Repeated subcutaneous esketamine on treatment-resistant depression: An open-label dose titration study

Article

Author: Lopes, Eduardo Igor Torquato Cardoso ; da Costa Gonçalves, Kaike Thiê ; de Araújo Ferreira, Marcos André ; Bolcont, Raynara ; Arcoverde, Emerson ; Falchi-Carvalho, Marcelo ; de Brito, Aldielyson Jorge Cavalcanti ; de Medeiros Lima, Nicole Bezerra ; Palhano-Fontes, Fernanda ; Barbosa, David C ; de Almeida, Victor Rocha Nobrega ; De Souza, Lara Carvalho Araújo Melo ; Cavalcanti-Ribeiro, Patrícia ; Cavalcanti-Ribeiro, Patricia ; Santos, Nestor Caetano ; Barbosa, David C. ; Galvão-Coelho, Nicole Leite ; Araujo, Draulio

BACKGROUNDKetamine has gained prominence as one of the most effective therapeutic options in unipolar treatment-resistant depression (TRD). However, most studies related to the antidepressant action of ketamine used intravenous (IV) or intranasal (IN) administration. The subcutaneous (SC) route of administration is a promising alternative, as it results in plasma levels comparable to IV, causes fewer side effects, and is easier and cheaper to administer than both IV and/or IN routes.METHODSIn this context, we conducted an open-label clinical trial for investigating the efficacy and safety of 8 weekly sessions of SC esketamine in TRD patients (n = 30).RESULTSAt the end of the treatment, a partial response rate of 26.09 %, a response rate of 52.17 % and remission rate of 34.78 % were observed, assessed by Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale. Moreover, the self-reported depressive symptoms, as measured by the Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II), significantly decreased from the baseline to the final session, and the improvements were sustained throughout the week. Follow-up evaluations (BDI-II) up to the sixth month consistently showed scores lower than the baseline.LIMITATIONSThe small sample size and the drop-out during the follow-up phase may limit the generalizability of the findings. Additionally, the absence of a control group necessitates cautious interpretation of causality.CONCLUSIONSThis groundbreaking study, which addresses SC esketamine treatment for TRD, reported promising response and remission rates, as well as sustained antidepressant effects. It highlights the need for further research to improve and expand our knowledge of this innovative, more accessible, and cost-effective therapeutic approach.

01 Jan 2025·Brain Research

Repeated high-dose esketamine in early postnatal rats leads to behavioural deficits with long-term modifications in white matter microstructural integrity

Article

Author: Li, Yibo ; Cao, Tianyu ; Jiang, Sufang ; Huang, Lining ; Wang, Xianlei ; Zhou, Lijie

Esketamine is commonly used for sedation or general anaesthesia in infants and young children. However, repeated esketamine administration during periods of rapid brain growth and development may result in various pathophysiological and cognitive changes. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the influence of recurrent esketamine exposure on long-term behavioural and white matter consequences. Seven-day-old (P7) male rats were allocated to control, high-, and low-dose groups. Behavioural paradigm assessment was conducted at P25-29. Diffusion tensor imaging revealed long-term effects on water diffusivity in the splenium and cingulum white matter of the corpus callosum at P30. Subsequent two-dimensional structure-tensor analysis of brain tissue sections stained with Luxol fast blue (LFB) showed marked changes in the white matter microstructure in rats after multiple exposures to varying esketamine doses. High-dose esketamine significantly reduced activity time and total distance in the open-field experiment. High-dose esketamine exposure might lead to impaired short-term memory in rats. Additionally, the high-dose group showed prolonged immobility time during the forced swimming test. On the balance beam, the high-dose group displayed more right turns and right-foot slips and lower time spent on the rotating bar, indicating motor defects, than did the other groups. Diffusion tensor imaging demonstrated a decreased water molecule diffusion ability in the corpus callosum in the high-dose group. LFB staining indicated microstructural differences in the white matter of animals in the high-dose group. These findings suggest that behavioural deficits in high-dose esketamine-treated rats are at least partially attributed to changes in the white matter microstructure.

275

News (Medical) associated with Esketamine Hydrochloride

15 Nov 2024

·www.prnewswire.com

GREENBROOK RECEIVES FINAL COURT APPROVAL FOR ARRANGEMENT WITH NEURONETICS

TORONTO, Nov. 15, 2024 /PRNewswire/ - Greenbrook TMS Inc. (OTC: GBNHF) (" Greenbrook" or the " Company") is pleased to announce that the Company has obtained a final order from the Ontario Superior Court of Justice (Commercial List) approving the previously-announced plan of arrangement in accordance with the Business Corporations Act (Ontario) (the " Arrangement"). Pursuant to the terms of the Arrangement, Neuronetics, Inc. (" Neuronetics") will acquire all of the issued and outstanding common shares of Greenbrook. Each common share of Greenbrook outstanding immediately prior to the effective time of the Arrangement will be exchanged for a fraction of a share of common stock of Neuronetics upon the closing of the Arrangement. Receipt of the final order follows Greenbrook's special meeting of shareholders held on November 8, 2024, where the Arrangement was overwhelmingly approved by over 99% of the votes cast by shareholders of Greenbrook and over 99% of the votes cast by minority shareholders of Greenbrook. Neuronetics also received all requisite stockholder approvals required by Neuronetics for the completion of the Arrangement at a special meeting of the stockholders of Neuronetics held on November 8, 2024. The Arrangement is expected to close before the end of November 2024, subject to the satisfaction of customary closing conditions. In connection with the Arrangement, Neuronetics intends to have the common shares of Greenbrook removed from the OTCQB Market and to cause Greenbrook to apply to cease to be a reporting issuer under the securities legislation of each of the provinces and territories of Canada, and to otherwise terminate Greenbrook's public reporting requirements. About Greenbrook TMS Inc. Operating through 118 company-operated treatment centers, Greenbrook is a leading provider of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ("TMS") and Spravato®, FDA-cleared, non-invasive therapies for the treatment of Major Depressive Disorder ("MDD") and other mental health disorders, in the United States. TMS therapy provides local electromagnetic stimulation to specific brain regions known to be directly associated with mood regulation. Spravato® is offered to treat adults with treatment-resistant depression and depressive symptoms in adults with MDD with suicidal thoughts or actions. Greenbrook has provided more than 1.61 million treatments to over 49,000 patients struggling with depression. For further information, please contact: Glen Akselrod Investor Relations Greenbrook TMS Inc. Contact Information: [email protected] 1-855-797-4867 Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Information Certain information in this press release, including, but not limited to, information relating to whether, and when, the Arrangement will be consummated and the anticipated satisfaction of customary closing conditions, including the timing thereof, constitute forward-looking information within the meaning of applicable securities laws in Canada and the United States, including the United States Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 (collectively, " forward-looking information"). Forward-looking information may relate to the Company's future financial and liquidity outlook and anticipated events or results and may include information regarding the Company's business, financial position, results of operations, business strategy, growth plans and strategies, technological development and implementation, budgets, operations, financial results, taxes, dividend policy, plans and objectives. In some cases, forward-looking information can be identified by the use of forward-looking terminology such as "plans", "targets", "expects" or "does not expect", "is expected", "an opportunity exists", "is positioned", "estimates", "outlook", "forecasts", "projection", "prospects", "strategy", "intends", "assumes", "anticipates" or "does not anticipate" or "believes", or variations of such words and phrases or statements that certain actions, events or results "may", "should", "could", "would", "might", "will" or "will be taken", "occur" or "be achieved". In addition, any statements that refer to expectations, intentions, projections or other characterizations of future events or circumstances contain forward-looking information. Statements containing forward-looking information are not historical facts but instead represent management's expectations, estimates and projections regarding future events or circumstances. Forward-looking information is necessarily based on a number of opinions, assumptions and estimates that, while considered reasonable by the Company as of the date of this press release, are subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties, assumptions and other factors that may cause the actual results, level of activity, performance or achievements or future events or developments to differ materially from those expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements, including, without limitation: macroeconomic factors such as inflation and recessionary conditions, substantial doubt regarding the Company's ability to continue as a going concern due to recurring losses from operations; inability to increase cash flow and/or raise sufficient capital to support the Company's operating activities and fund its cash obligations, repay indebtedness and satisfy the Company's working capital needs and debt obligations; prolonged decline in the price of the common shares of the Company reducing the Company's ability to raise capital; inability to satisfy debt covenants under the Company's credit agreement (the " Credit Agreement") and the potential acceleration of indebtedness; risks related to the ability to continue to negotiate amendments to the Credit Agreement to prevent a default; risks relating to maintaining an active, liquid and orderly trading market for the common shares of the Company as a result of our delisting from trading on the Nasdaq Capital Market of the Nasdaq Stock Market LLC; risks related to the Company's negative cash flows, liquidity and its ability to secure additional financing; increases in indebtedness levels causing a reduction in financial flexibility; inability to achieve or sustain profitability in the future; inability to secure additional financing to fund losses from operations and satisfy the Company's debt obligations and obligations under the arrangement agreement dated August 11, 2024 between Neuronetics and Greenbrook; risks relating to completion of the Arrangement or any other strategic alternatives to the Arrangement should it fail to be consummated, including restructuring or refinancing of the Company's debt, seeking additional debt or equity capital, reducing or delaying the Company's business activities and strategic initiatives, or selling assets, other strategic transactions and/or other measures, including obtaining bankruptcy protection, and the terms, value and timing of any transaction resulting from that process; risks and uncertainties related to the Arrangement, including the timing for completion thereof and the ability to achieve the benefits expected to be derived therefrom; claims made by or against the Company, which may be resolved unfavorably to us; risks relating to the Company's dependence on Neuronetics as its exclusive supplier of TMS devices; risks and uncertainties relating to the restatement of our financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2022 and the quarter ended September 30, 2023, including any potential litigation and/or regulatory proceedings as well as any adverse effect on investor confidence and our reputation. Additional risks and uncertainties are discussed in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023 and in the Company's other materials filed with the Canadian securities regulatory authorities and the United States Securities and Exchange Commission from time to time, available at and , respectively. These factors are not intended to represent a complete list of the factors that could affect the Company; however, these factors should be considered carefully. There can be no assurance that such estimates and assumptions will prove to be correct. The forward-looking statements contained in this press release are made as of the date of this press release, and the Company expressly disclaims any obligation to update or alter statements containing any forward-looking information, or the factors or assumptions underlying them, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as required by law. SOURCE Greenbrook TMS Inc. 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11 Nov 2024

·www.prnewswire.com

GREENBROOK SHAREHOLDERS APPROVE ARRANGEMENT WITH NEURONETICS

TORONTO, Nov. 11, 2024 /PRNewswire/ - Greenbrook TMS Inc. (OTC: GBNHF) (" Greenbrook" or the " Company") is pleased to announce the voting results from its special meeting of shareholders held on November 8, 2024 (the " Meeting") in connection with the proposed acquisition of Greenbrook by Neuronetics, Inc. (" Neuronetics") by way of plan of arrangement under the Business Corporations Act (Ontario) (the " Arrangement"). The special resolution approving the Arrangement and the conversion of the outstanding amount owing under the Company's credit agreement (the " Credit Agreement") into common shares of Greenbrook (the " Arrangement Resolution") required (i) the approval of at least 66 2/3% of the votes cast by shareholders of the Company present or represented by proxy and entitled to vote at the Meeting (" Company Shareholders") and (ii) the approval of a simple majority of the votes cast by the Company Shareholders present or represented by proxy and entitled to vote at the Meeting, excluding shareholders required to be excluded for the purpose of Multilateral Instrument 61-101 – Protection of Minority Security Holders in Special Transactions (" Minority Shareholders"). At the Meeting, the Arrangement Resolution was approved by (i) approximately 99.9% of the votes cast by Company Shareholders, and (ii) approximately 99.9% of the votes cast by Minority Shareholders. Greenbrook has also been informed by Neuronetics that all requisite stockholder approvals required by Neuronetics for the completion of the Arrangement, as described in the joint proxy statement/management information circular of Neuronetics and Greenbrook dated October 4, 2024, were obtained on November 8, 2024 at a special meeting of the stockholders of Neuronetics. Greenbrook is scheduled to seek a final order from the Ontario Superior Court of Justice (Commercial List) (the " Final Order") approving the Arrangement on November 15, 2024. In addition to receipt of the Final Order, completion of the Arrangement is subject to the satisfaction or waiver of other customary conditions. Assuming that the remaining conditions are satisfied, it is expected that the Arrangement will be effected during the week of November 18, 2024. In connection with the Arrangement, Neuronetics intends to have the common shares of Greenbrook removed from the OTCQB Market and to cause Greenbrook to submit an application to cease to be a reporting issuer under the securities legislation of each of the provinces and territories of Canada, and to otherwise terminate Greenbrook's public reporting requirements. About Greenbrook TMS Inc. Operating through 118 company-operated treatment centers, Greenbrook is a leading provider of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (" TMS") and Spravato®, FDA-cleared, non-invasive therapies for the treatment of Major Depressive Disorder (" MDD") and other mental health disorders, in the United States. TMS therapy provides local electromagnetic stimulation to specific brain regions known to be directly associated with mood regulation. Spravato® is offered to treat adults with treatment-resistant depression and depressive symptoms in adults with MDD with suicidal thoughts or actions. Greenbrook has provided more than 1.61 million treatments to over 49,000 patients struggling with depression. Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Information Certain information in this press release, including, but not limited to, information relating to whether, and when, the Arrangement will be consummated and the anticipated satisfaction of customary closing conditions, including the timing thereof, and court approval, constitute forward-looking information within the meaning of applicable securities laws in Canada and the United States, including the United States Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 (collectively, " forward-looking information"). Forward-looking information may relate to the Company's future financial and liquidity outlook and anticipated events or results and may include information regarding the Company's business, financial position, results of operations, business strategy, growth plans and strategies, technological development and implementation, budgets, operations, financial results, taxes, dividend policy, plans and objectives. In some cases, forward-looking information can be identified by the use of forward-looking terminology such as "plans", "targets", "expects" or "does not expect", "is expected", "an opportunity exists", "is positioned", "estimates", "outlook", "forecasts", "projection", "prospects", "strategy", "intends", "assumes", "anticipates" or "does not anticipate" or "believes", or variations of such words and phrases or statements that certain actions, events or results "may", "should", "could", "would", "might", "will" or "will be taken", "occur" or "be achieved". In addition, any statements that refer to expectations, intentions, projections or other characterizations of future events or circumstances contain forward-looking information. Statements containing forward-looking information are not historical facts but instead represent management's expectations, estimates and projections regarding future events or circumstances. Forward-looking information is necessarily based on a number of opinions, assumptions and estimates that, while considered reasonable by the Company as of the date of this press release, are subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties, assumptions and other factors that may cause the actual results, level of activity, performance or achievements or future events or developments to differ materially from those expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements, including, without limitation: macroeconomic factors such as inflation and recessionary conditions, substantial doubt regarding the Company's ability to continue as a going concern due to recurring losses from operations; inability to increase cash flow and/or raise sufficient capital to support the Company's operating activities and fund its cash obligations, repay indebtedness and satisfy the Company's working capital needs and debt obligations; prolonged decline in the price of the common shares of the Company reducing the Company's ability to raise capital; inability to satisfy debt covenants under the Credit Agreement and the potential acceleration of indebtedness; risks related to the ability to continue to negotiate amendments to the Credit Agreement to prevent a default; risks relating to maintaining an active, liquid and orderly trading market for the common shares of the Company as a result of our delisting from trading on the Nasdaq Capital Market of the Nasdaq Stock Market LLC; risks related to the Company's negative cash flows, liquidity and its ability to secure additional financing; increases in indebtedness levels causing a reduction in financial flexibility; inability to achieve or sustain profitability in the future; inability to secure additional financing to fund losses from operations and satisfy the Company's debt obligations and obligations under the arrangement agreement dated August 11, 2024 between Neuronetics and Greenbrook; risks relating to completion of the Arrangement or any other strategic alternatives to the Arrangement should it fail to be consummated, including restructuring or refinancing of the Company's debt, seeking additional debt or equity capital, reducing or delaying the Company's business activities and strategic initiatives, or selling assets, other strategic transactions and/or other measures, including obtaining bankruptcy protection, and the terms, value and timing of any transaction resulting from that process; risks and uncertainties related to the Arrangement, including the timing for completion thereof and the ability to achieve the benefits expected to be derived therefrom; claims made by or against the Company, which may be resolved unfavorably to us; risks relating to the Company's dependence on Neuronetics as its exclusive supplier of TMS devices; risks and uncertainties relating to the restatement of our financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2022 and the quarter ended September 30, 2023, including any potential litigation and/or regulatory proceedings as well as any adverse effect on investor confidence and our reputation. Additional risks and uncertainties are discussed in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023 and in the Company's other materials filed with the Canadian securities regulatory authorities and the United States Securities and Exchange Commission from time to time, available at and , respectively. These factors are not intended to represent a complete list of the factors that could affect the Company; however, these factors should be considered carefully. There can be no assurance that such estimates and assumptions will prove to be correct. The forward-looking statements contained in this press release are made as of the date of this press release, and the Company expressly disclaims any obligation to update or alter statements containing any forward-looking information, or the factors or assumptions underlying them, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as required by law. SOURCE Greenbrook TMS Inc. 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Acquisition

11 Nov 2024

·www.pharmaceutical-technology.com

Investment surges, hurdles and emerging innovations in neuroscience

FT Global Pharma and Biotech Summit 2024. Credit: Irena Maragkou Innovation in neuropsychiatry has been dormant for nearly forty years, said Kabir Nath, CEO, Compass Pathways in a panel discussion at the FT Global Pharma and Biotech Summit on 7 November. Recent developments, such as the approval of Bristol Myers Squibb’s Cobenfy (xanomeline-trospium) for the treatment of schizophrenia and Sage Therapeutics’ approval of Zurzuave (zuranolone) in post-partum depression signify a change in that. The significant lack of innovation is changing, with large Phase III studies investigating psychedelics such as psylocibin in an effort to “move from anecdotal experience to evidence” Nath stated. Free Report How is the Biopharmaceutical industry evolving? 2021 was a year of continued innovation and change in the Biopharmaceutical industry. As the COVID-19 pandemic continues to take its toll on businesses worldwide, it’s time to look for new ways to create value, prepare for the future, and remain competitive in the ever-changing landscape. GlobalData’s expansive report examines the business environment and trends that shape the Biopharmaceutical industry. We highlight the most impactful emerging technologies, as well as the industry, regulatory, and macroeconomic factors that influence growth prospects. Access the report to: Benchmark the impact of major themes on the Biopharmaceutical industry. Gain a deeper "on the ground" perspective through exclusive opinions and analysis from industry respondents. Evaluate the effects of COVID-19 on the sector. Download the full report to understand what to expect and how to align your strategies for success. Thank you. You will receive an email shortly. Please check your inbox to download the Report. 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Our services are intended for corporate subscribers and you warrant that the email address submitted is your corporate email address. A major hurdle in the neuroscience field is that Phase III trials are costly and current animal models do not translate well for CNS disorders, which makes clinical research for neuropsychiatry and neurodegenerative diseases challenging. This makes the right patient selection strategy crucial. Targeting the right patient population While discussing if the pharmaceutical sector is going to see a return on investment (ROI) in this field, Seth Ettenburg, President and CEO, BlueRock Therapeutics, highlighted that investment in neuroscience is cyclical, with some excitement for emerging treatments. However, this is underlined by a lack of clear causality and biomarkers which makes cures more elusive compared to other fields. Bromley noted that approval of a product in this very complex field is challenging and the launch of Leqembi was a remarkable example of establishing proof of concept in neurodegenerative diseases. Introducing new treatments for conditions like Alzheimer’s Disease requires massive infrastructure, said Kylie Bromley, Vice President and Managing Director, UK & Ireland, Biogen. Biogen’s Aduhelm (aducanumab) was one of the first amyloid-targeting drugs to be approved for Alzheimer’s treatment wave, but it was pulled from the market earlier this year. Additionally, identifying the right patients is crucial, as only a small subset—around 2% of diagnosed Alzheimer’s patients—are suitable for current treatments, with early-stage patients showing the best response. Therefore, improving diagnosis will be key to tackling neurodegenerative disease and thus investment in less intrusive diagnosis methods, such as blood-based biomarkers will be crucial. Overall “infrastructure implementation will enable access to treatments” she concluded. According to the speakers, investment in neuroscience involves a high risk, cost and failure rate. While discussing the case of Leqembi, which saw less commercial success than analysts initially expected, Nath compared it to Johnson & Johnson’s Spravato, which took many years but is now becoming a blockbuster drug. Innovation in neurodegenerative diseases. The importance of biomarkers and technology (such as blood-based diagnostics, AI) offering new diagnostic tools, was highlighted by Bromley, who mentioned the software Novoic can use AI to identify patients earlier for clinical trials, streamlining the process. Technology is increasingly critical in early patient identification and trial recruitment, especially in identifying pre-symptomatic patients as research is looking earlier in the disease. According to her, AI and analytics advancements could improve diagnostic efficiency and foster a more targeted approach, crucial for treatments with narrow patient applicability. Is raising money in neuroscience becoming easier? In the case of neuropsychiatry, Nath stated that the space is a small community, but there is growing interest in the therapeutic potential of psychedelics for PTSD, depression, and anxiety, despite regulatory hurdles and mixed public perception. However, large-scale robust trials are essential, especially in a field that lacks robust biological markers, he added. The neuropsychiatry field faces persistent challenges due to the lack of biological biomarkers for conditions like depression, relying instead on broad diagnostic labels. According to Nath, a precision approach is not applicable in neuropsychiatry as companies fail to transition from Phase II to Phase III clinical trials, bringing up the example of Alto Neuroscience’s recent setback in a Phase IIb trial (NCT05712187). Nath believes that the potential for functional improvements and quality-of-life gains fuels optimism and investment. With one in nine people having a CNS disorder, there is an unmet need and untapped opportunity and Ettenbrugh said “opportunity in the space drives investment”. Free Report How is the Biopharmaceutical industry evolving? 2021 was a year of continued innovation and change in the Biopharmaceutical industry. As the COVID-19 pandemic continues to take its toll on businesses worldwide, it’s time to look for new ways to create value, prepare for the future, and remain competitive in the ever-changing landscape. GlobalData’s expansive report examines the business environment and trends that shape the Biopharmaceutical industry. 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Phase 2Phase 3Drug Approval

100 Deals associated with Esketamine Hydrochloride

External Link

KEGG	Wiki	ATC	Drug Bank
D10627	Esketamine Hydrochloride	N01AX14 N06AX27	DB11823

R&D Status

Approved

10 top approved records.

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Indication	Country/Location	Organization	Date
Depressive Disorder	CN	Janssen-Cilag International NV	17 Apr 2023
Major depressive disorder, moderate (MDD)	AU	Janssen-Cilag Pty Ltd.	09 Mar 2021
Depressive Disorder, Major	EU	Janssen-Cilag International NV	18 Dec 2019
Depressive Disorder, Major	IS	Janssen-Cilag International NV	18 Dec 2019
Depressive Disorder, Major	LI	Janssen-Cilag International NV	18 Dec 2019
Depressive Disorder, Major	NO	Janssen-Cilag International NV	18 Dec 2019
Anesthesia	CN	Jiangsu Hengrui Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd.	18 Nov 2019
Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant	US	Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Inc.	05 Mar 2019
Pain	DE	Pfizer Inc.	01 Aug 1997

Developing

10 top R&D records.

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Indication	Highest Phase	Country/Location	Organization	Date
Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant	Phase 3	DE	Janssen Research & Development LLC	07 Aug 2015
Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant	Phase 3	ES	Janssen Research & Development LLC	07 Aug 2015
Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant	Phase 3	PL	Janssen Research & Development LLC	07 Aug 2015
Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant	Phase 3	CZ	Janssen Research & Development LLC	07 Aug 2015
Suicidal Ideation	Preclinical	ES	Janssen Research & Development LLC	09 Jun 2017
Suicidal Ideation	Preclinical	SK	Janssen Research & Development LLC	09 Jun 2017
Suicidal Ideation	Preclinical	BG	Janssen Research & Development LLC	09 Jun 2017
Suicidal Ideation	Preclinical	US	Janssen Research & Development LLC	09 Jun 2017
Suicidal Ideation	Preclinical	MY	Janssen Research & Development LLC	09 Jun 2017
Tinnitus	Preclinical	US	Auris Medical AG	01 Feb 2014

Clinical Result

Indication

Phase

Evaluation

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Study	Phase	Population	Analyzed Enrollment	Group	Results	Evaluation	Publication Date


NCT03373253;NCT02497287 (ICEBERG, Pubmed \| Front Psychiatry)	Not Applicable	Functional disorder	696	Esketamine nasal spray + SSRI/SNRI	wrcyxrudik(itrhjoowne) = aubzxamewg esktudsxlc (dwmsrfornc, 21.8 - 29.4)	Positive	07 Oct 2024
				esketamine nasal spray (Real-world treatment (RWT))	wrcyxrudik(itrhjoowne) = mphzigjbql esktudsxlc (dwmsrfornc, 6.9 - 16.1)
ChiCTR2200061956 (not available, Pubmed \| BMC Anesthesiol)	Phase 4	Hip Fractures brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) \| 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)	90	Esketamine	hhvjlggsmm(hkirzkzbfw) = ylsihvmvgy ioarltfsia (qfmbljsrmf ) View more	Positive	28 Sep 2024
				Saline	hhvjlggsmm(hkirzkzbfw) = ujabmgagdj ioarltfsia (qfmbljsrmf ) View more
NCT04757675 (Pubmed \| Transl Pediatr)	Early Phase 1	Strabismus	-	Intranasal esketamine 2 mg/kg	djspzmmygo(rtyuggulrd) = More gastrointestinal events were observed in Group K (P<0.001) tgfmyqbjvp (nfhtfloseu )	Negative	01 Aug 2024
				Intranasal esketamine 1 mg/kg and dexmedetomidine 1 µg/kg
ChiCTR2100054199 (Pubmed \| JAMA Netw Open)	Early Phase 1	Depression, Postpartum	298	Esketamine	ooldhiywkx(rvzkdnooji) = pcgmqhakms amfowdascw (fhevbemxgs )	Positive	06 Mar 2024
				Control (Saline)	ooldhiywkx(rvzkdnooji) = ghcmznotwn amfowdascw (fhevbemxgs )
ChiCTR2200060387 (Pubmed)	Phase 4	Depression, Postpartum stress \| inflammation	120	Esketamine 0.2 mg/kg	favsjvlcvd(jpqlnqmahw) = lcrnckilrl eiueuzqpoc (ekvqocahwj )	Positive	23 Nov 2023
				Placebo	favsjvlcvd(jpqlnqmahw) = achdicfapr eiueuzqpoc (ekvqocahwj )
NCT04338321 (ESCAPE-TRD, PipelineReview) Manual	Phase 3	Depressive Disorder, Major	676	Esketamine	(ycutxohquv) = gqdxtryxfs lxdrloihjh (exjsbmwzms ) View more	Positive	09 Oct 2023
				Quetiapine	(ycutxohquv) = mxkzxgiwlu lxdrloihjh (exjsbmwzms ) View more
ASPIRE I and II (Pubmed)	Phase 3	Suicidal Ideation \| Depressive Disorder, Major	451	Esketamine nasal spray + standard of care	lafegeaevo(jivfrtzvjd) = bgtlycubuf lhrulvobgm (hoirbyoish ) View more	Positive	11 Aug 2023
				Placebo + standard of care	lafegeaevo(jivfrtzvjd) = xwndgyqugw lhrulvobgm (hoirbyoish ) View more
ChiCTR2100052830 (Pubmed)	Phase 4	-	26	Esketamine combined with propofol	nnspxpulvv(aeguaphtvs) = recorded in two cases aucpwnrsyg (hzniefzjwi ) View more	-	18 Jul 2023
ChiCTR2100046479 (Pubmed \| BMC Anesthesiol)	Phase 4	-	44	s-ketamine	tombprhbjf(isirdflpxz) = waeabmhbaw otvhbwakdh (qqxreeqvfx ) View more	Positive	23 Jun 2023
				saline	tombprhbjf(isirdflpxz) = stytfluark otvhbwakdh (qqxreeqvfx ) View more

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