Bispecific Antibody Combination Therapies Clinical Landscape
21 May 2024
ImmunotherapyPhase 2ADC
“More Than 800 Bispecific Antibodies In Clinical Trials Offering USD 50 Billion Sales Opportunity In Next 5 Years”
Over the preceding three decenniums, therapeutic antibodies have become a strategic constituent of cancer treatment owing to their specificity as well as sensitivity. Ever since the first monoclonal antibody, Muromonab-CD3 (OKT3), entered into the commercial landscape, it altered the treatment picture for cancer patients. Following that, scientists have idealized the portrait of an antibody targeting two different epitopes, or antigens, and this resulted in the development of bispecific antibodies (BsAb) that have become one of the most imperative types of drugs.
Introductory studies have illustrated that leveraging the plausibility of combination regimen of bispecific therapies with other therapeutic intervention aids to targets multiple pathways at the same time, in this way, improving therapeutic casement as well as help to surpass drug resistance. For that reason, the panorama of bispecific antibody clenches the plausibility to alter the treatment landscape of cancer along with other diseases, signifying colossal opportunities for the pharmaceutical companies in the forthcoming years.
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In dichotomy with the conventional treatments, such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy, which clenches the possibility to damage healthy cells, the arrival of bispecific antibody combination therapies has transformed the landscape of targeted medicine. The beginning of bispecific antibodies characterizes a noteworthy progression in the management of the cancer malignancies disease. As a monotherapy, the bispecific antibodies have validated antitumor activity in severely pretreated patients, but plentiful efforts are necessary in order to determine the optimal setting, comprising their usage in combination therapy, ways to diminish toxicity, in addition to mitigating the development of resistance mechanisms.
In the realm of cancer therapy, the initial clinical development for the domain of bispecific antibody combinations were focused on creating anti-CD3, anti-BCMA or anti-PD-L1 combinations; however, there has been modern improvement observed in harnessing the potential of bispecific antibodies in conjugation with chemotherapy or other targeted therapies. Currently, numerous clinical studies evaluating the combination of bispecific antibodies are ongoing.
For instance, Akeso Pharmaceuticals in collaboration with Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, in November 2023, has begun a phase II clinical study which evaluate the efficacy and safety of cadonilimab (anti PD-1 and CTLA-4 bispecific antibody) in combination with anlotinib, an orally multitargeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), and pemetrexed for treatment of elderly patients with T790M-negative advanced non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer. Currently, the study has included an estimated enrollment of 20 participants which is projected to be complete by June 2025.
Leveraging the potential of combinations of bispecific antibody offers several advantages such as improved efficiency, diminished toxicities, delayed development of therapy, drug resistances and dose reduction. Due to these advantages, myriad pharmaceutical and biotech companies such as, Pfizer, Akeso Pharmaceuticals, AstraZeneca, invoX Pharma, Onward Therapeutics, Betta Pharmaceuticals, Phanes Therapeutics, and Regeneron Pharmaceuticals together with healthcare professionals are focused on investigating the potential of bispecific antibody combinations to treat cancer.
One of the key aspects which influence the expansion of combination of global bispecific antibody market is the rise in research collaborations amid pharma companies. These collaborations bestow to develop an innovative, advanced and improved combinatorial bispecific antibody in the realm. For instance, in December 2023, NAYA Biosciences announced strategic research collaboration with ONK Therapeutics in order to evaluate proof of concept as well as establish activity and feasibility of the combination of GPC3 targeted NY-303 FLEX-NK™ bispecific antibody with ONKT105, CISH plus TGFβR2 double knock-out (KO), sIL-15 knock-in (KI) allogeneic NK cell therapy for the treatment of cancer.
Hitherto, the clinical pipeline for the domain of bispecific antibody combination therapy for treating cancer modalities majorly consists of combinations with chemotherapy or targeted therapies. Although, no bispecific antibody combination is approved; yet, it is expected that the imminent years will certainly witness innovative bispecific antibody combinations for the treatment of cancer malignancies as evident from augmenting interest in pharmaceutical sectors to novel combination therapy.
With the snowballing prevalence of cancer diseases at an alarming gait urges the prerequisite to develop better as well as innovative bispecific antibody combination therapies which could provide across the globe. Furthermore, an inclining market trend towards utilizing the realm of bispecific antibody combination has been observed due to involvement of various stakeholders. With the current market scenario, the future of the bispecific antibody combination market looks promising and is expected to multiple further in imminent years.
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