Baqiyattallah University of Medical Sciences

The study will be a multi-center, triple-blinded, cluster randomized controlled trial (c-RCT) conducted with a three-arm parallel design and a 1:1:1 allocation ratio. The experimental groups will consist of two arms: the intervention group, where patients will receive training in relevant pressure injury care bundles, and the placebo group, where patients will receive training in an irrelevant topic like respiratory care. Both intervention and placebo groups will receive specialized pressure injury prevention (PIP) care bundle from trained wound specialist nurses (WSNs). The third arm will be the control group comprising patients who do not undergo any training course and will receive only routine standard care for PIP care bundle. The aim of c-RCT will be to compare the incidence of hospital-acquired pressure injury (HAPI) in the three study groups and to provide detailed evidence on the effect of the developed pressure injury care bundle, administered by WSNs on the development of HAPI in trained hospitalized patients, as opposed to those receiving routine standard care for PIP care bundle without training.

The goal of this clinical trial study is to evaluate the clinical effectiveness of respiratory critical care nurses (RCCN) in improving outcomes for critically ill patients who require admission to the intensive care units (ICUs). The main question it aims to answer is: What is the effect of the respiratory critical care nurse in improving outcomes for critically ill patients? Participants will consist of critically ill patients who will be randomly allocated in a 1:1 ratio into two groups: the intervention group, who will receive specialized respiratory care from RCCN from the time they arrive in the emergency room until their discharge from the hospital, and the control group, who will receive only routine care.