Delving into the Latest Updates on Amarin Neuroscience Ltd. with Synapse

Overview

An increased inflammatory response and deficient synthesis of neurotrophic factors (NTFs) may contribute to the etiology of depression. However, the interrelationship between inflammation and NTFs is unknown. Recently, ethyl-eicosapentaenoate (EPA) has been used to treat depression. The mechanism by which EPA benefits depression is also unclear. Using the olfactory bulbectomized (OB) rat model of depression, this study evaluated two pathways from bulbectomy to the induction of depression-like changes (the inflammation–hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis–stress response pathway and inflammation–nerve growth factor–memory pathway) and the effect of EPA on these pathways. When compared with sham-operated rats fed a control diet, significantly increased locomotor and rearing activities in an “open field,” impaired memory in the Morris water maze, increased expression of corticotrophin-releasing factor (CRF), and increased secretion of corticosterone were found in OB rats. mRNA expression of nerve growth factor (NGF) was significantly lower in the hippocampus, and phospholipase A2 (PLA2) was higher in the hypothalamus; this change was associated with increased interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in the serum and brain. EPA treatments normalized these behavioral impairments and reduced CRF expression and corticosterone secretion. EPA also reduced serum concentrations of IL-1β and PGE2, but reversed NGF reduction. Similar to the effects of EPA, the anti-inflammatory drug celecoxib significantly reduced blood PGE2, IL-1β, and corticosterone concentrations and increased NGF expression in OB rats. Furthermore, anti-NGF treatment blocked EPA effects on behavior. These results suggest that an interaction exists between inflammation and NGF in the depression model. EPA may improve depression via its anti-inflammation properties and the upregulation of NGF.

01 Oct 2008·Journal of International Medical ResearchQ4 · MEDICINE

Reduction in Cerebral Atrophy Associated with Ethyl-Eicosapentaenoic Acid Treatment in Patients with Huntington's Disease

Q4 · MEDICINE

ArticleOA

Author: Puri, BK ; Bydder, GM ; Beckmann, CF ; Manku, MS ; Waldman, AD ; Clarke, A

Ultra-pure ethyl-eicosapentaenoic acid (ethyl-EPA), a semi-synthetic ethyl ester of eicosapentaenoic acid, is associated with clinical improvement in motor functioning in Huntington's disease. The aim was to determine the extent to which it might reduce the rate of progress of cerebral atrophy. High-resolution cerebral magnetic resonance imaging scans were acquired at baseline, 6 months and 1 year in up to 34 patients with stage I or II Huntington's disease who took part in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of ethyl-EPA. For each subject and each pair of structural images, the two-timepoint brain volume change was calculated in a double-blind manner. Significant group-level reductions in brain atrophy were observed in the head of the caudate nucleus and the posterior thalamus. These findings show that treatment with ethyl-EPA is associated with significant reduction in brain atrophy, particularly in the caudate and thalamus. No other drug tested in Huntington's disease has shown this effect.

01 May 2004·Blood

Cytosolic phospholipase A2 type IVA is present in human red cells

Article

Author: Boyle, Rose M. ; Macdonald, Donald J. ; Glen, Alastair C. A. ; Horrobin, David F.

AbstractPhospholipase A2 type IVA (IVAPLA2) is a cytosolic enzyme that on activation selectively releases arachidonic acid (AA) from cell membrane phospholipids. Both AA and lysophospholipid, products of the enzymic reaction, can function as signal transducers in cellular interactions. The enzyme is present in most cells, including polymorphs, eosinophils, and platelets. This study used affinity purification to extract IVAPLA2 from red cell lysate prepared from leukocyte- and platelet-depleted human blood to overcome the masking effect of hemoglobin on Western blot detection. We show that IVAPLA2 is present in red cells as a 90-kDa protein. (Blood. 2004;103:3562-3564)

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Pipeline

Pipeline Snapshot as of 07 Nov 2024

The statistics for drugs in the Pipeline is the current organization and its subsidiaries are counted as organizations,Early Phase 1 is incorporated into Phase 1, Phase 1/2 is incorporated into phase 2, and phase 2/3 is incorporated into phase 3

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Current Projects

Drug(Targets)	Indications	Global Highest Phase

LX-103	Bipolar Disorder More	Pending
Icosapent Ethyl ( PPARα )	Hodgkin's Lymphoma More	Pending
LX-104	Dementia More	Pending
LX-102(Amarin Neuroscience)	Schizophrenia More	Pending