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Recent epidemics of immune diseases have increased interest in foods that can regulate immunity.This study examined the effects of Sargassum horneri extract (SH) on the immune function in in vivo and in vitro models.The SH treatment inhibited the decrease in body, spleen, and thymus weights in cyclophosphamide (CPA) induced immune-suppressed animal models.It improved the total number of white blood cells, neutrophils, lymphocytes, and monocytes, as well as the levels of Ig (Ig) M, IgG, and IgA, which are indicators of immune-enhancing activity in the blood.The natural killer (NK) cell activity is an essential indicator of immune activity, and SH administration increased the number of spleen cells and NK cells in CPA-treated immune-suppressed mice.In addition, Jurkat cells were used, as a T cell line to verify the immune activation mechanism of SH.The results showed that the SH treatment increased cell proliferation, cytokine production (IL-2 and INF-γ), and protein expression of MAPK.Overall, SH has value as a material for functional foods because of its immune-enhancing efficacy.

31 Dec 2023·Anatomy & Cell Biology

Rubus fruticosus leaf extract inhibits vascular dementia-induced memory impairment and neuronal loss by attenuating neuroinflammation

Article

Author: Kang, Hyun Bae ; Kim, Dong-Sub ; Sung, Nak-Yun ; Sung, Nak Song ; Kim, Do Kyung ; Lee, Nam Seob ; Han, Seung Yun ; Uhm, Sun Ho ; Jeong, Young-Gil ; Yoo, Young Choon

Vascular dementia (VaD) is characterized by progressive memory impairment, which is associated with microglia-mediated neuroinflammation. Polyphenol-rich natural plants, which possess anti-inflammatory activities, have attracted scientific interest worldwide. This study investigated whether Rubus fruticosus leaf extract (RFLE) can attenuate VaD. Sprague-Dawley rats were separated into five groups: SO, sham-operated and treated with vehicle; OP, operated and treated with vehicle; RFLE-L, operated and treated with low dose (30 mg/kg) of RFLE; RFLE-M, operated and treated with medium dose (60 mg/kg) of RFLE; and RFLE-H, operated and treated with high dose (90 mg/kg) of RFLE. Bilateral common carotid artery and hypotension were used as a modeling procedure, and the RFLE were intraorally administered for 5 days (preoperative 2 and postoperative 3 days). The rats then underwent memory tests including the novel object recognition, Y-maze, Barnes maze, and passive avoidance tests, and neuronal viability and neuroinflammation were quantified in their hippocampi. The results showed that the OP group exhibited VaD-associated memory deficits, neuronal death, and microglial activation in hippocampi, while the RFLE-treated groups showed significant attenuation in all above parameters. Next, using BV-2 microglial cells challenged with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), we evaluated the effects of RFLE in dynamics of proinflammatory mediators and the upstream signaling pathway. RFLE pretreatment significantly inhibited the LPS-induced release of nitric oxide, TNF-α, and IL-6 and upregulation of the MAPKs/NF-κB/iNOS pathway. Collectively, we suggest that RFLE can attenuate the histologic alterations and memory deficits accompanied by VaD, and these roles are, partly due to the attenuation of microglial activation.

17 Oct 2023·Current issues in molecular biology

Neuroprotective Effects of Water Extract from Brown Algae Petalonia binghamiae in an Experimental Model of Focal Cerebral Ischemia In Vitro and In Vivo.

Article

Author: Kim, Chun-Sung ; Kim, Do Kyung ; Han, Seung Yun ; Jeong, Young Gil ; Jung, Ju-Young ; Kim, Dong-Sub ; Hong, Geum-Lan ; Eom, Sun Ho ; Lee, Bong Ho ; Lee, Nam-Seob ; Yoo, Yung Choon ; Kang, Hyun Bae

Focal cerebral ischemia (fCI) can result in brain injury and sensorimotor deficits. Brown algae are currently garnering scientific attention as potential therapeutic candidates for fCI. This study investigated the therapeutic effects of the hot water extract of Petalonia binghamiae (wPB), a brown alga, in in vitro and in vivo models of fCI. The neuroprotective efficacy of wPB was evaluated in an in vitro excitotoxicity model established using HT-22 cells challenged with glutamate. Afterward, C57/BL6 mice were administered wPB for 7 days (10 or 100 mg/kg, intragastric) and subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion and reperfusion (MCAO/R) operation, which was used as an in vivo fCI model. wPB co-incubation significantly inhibited cell death, oxidative stress, and apoptosis, as well as stimulated the expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), an antioxidant enzyme, and the nuclear translocation of its upstream regulator, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in HT-22 cells challenged with glutamate-induced excitotoxicity. Pretreatment with either dose of wPB significantly attenuated infarction volume, neuronal death, and sensorimotor deficits in an in vivo fCI model. Furthermore, the attenuation of oxidative stress and apoptosis in the ischemic lesion accompanied the wPB-associated protection. This study suggests that wPB can counteract fCI via an antioxidative effect, upregulating the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway.

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100 Translational Medicine associated with Korea Prime Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd.

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Pipeline

Pipeline Snapshot as of 07 Nov 2024

The statistics for drugs in the Pipeline is the current organization and its subsidiaries are counted as organizations,Early Phase 1 is incorporated into Phase 1, Phase 1/2 is incorporated into phase 2, and phase 2/3 is incorporated into phase 3

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