Objective: To study the feasibility of paeoniflorin content in Qizhiweitong granules by near IR spectroscopy in one-step granulation process.Methods: Using near IR online detection system, the non-contact probe was used to scan the whole process of granulation by near-IR spectroscopy.The spectra of the samples were pretreated and the bands were selected.A fast and nondestructive method for the paeoniflorin content was established by using partial least squares (PLS).Results: The determination coefficient R of the established model was 0.9172, and the root mean square difference of cross-validation was 0.535.The samples of the validation set were predicted and statistically analyzed, and there was no significant difference between the predicted value and the true value (P > 0.05).Conclusion: The established model has high accuracy and is suitable for real-time prediction of paeoniflorin content in one-step granulation process of Qizhi Weitong granules.