Kahramanmaras Sütçü Imam Üniversitesi

High-risk of Infants are defined as one with a history of negative environmental and biological factors that could lead to neuromotor developmental problems. This heterogeneous group encompasses premature babies born at less than 37 weeks, term babies with low birth weight (LBW), or babies with developmental delays due to various causes.Studies have highlighted that individual developmental care, family education, kangaroo care, and early physiotherapy approaches applied to at-risk infants in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) enhance infant development. However, further research is needed to determine the most effective interventions for infants who are more environmentally at risk and biologically vulnerable. Studies investigating the effectiveness of early intervention methods initiated in the NICU on the motor, cognitive, and behavioral outcomes of premature infants have highlighted that postural control interventions or physiotherapy consisting of developmental care programs implemented in the neonatal period improve motor development in the short term, but parent-implemented motor interventions are more effective in improving infants' cognitive and motor outcomes in the long term.The aim of this study is to examine the effects of family-based early physiotherapy approaches applied to at-risk infants in the NICU on motor, cognitive, language development and developmental outcomes at term age and in the long term (adjusted 3, 6, 9, 12 months).

Abstract
Disasters are among the major crisis situations that adversely affect children's psychological well-being, emotional regulation, and adaptation. Children diagnosed with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) are considered particularly vulnerable during disasters because they are more likely to experience heightened anxiety, behavioral dysregulation, trauma-related symptoms, and difficulties adapting to rapidly changing environments. Effective parental support and appropriate psychosocial interventions are therefore essential for promoting resilience and facilitating recovery in this high-risk population.
Evidence suggests that disaster-related experiences may exacerbate emotional and behavioral difficulties among children with ADHD, especially when continuity of care and family support are disrupted. Parent-focused psychoeducation has been shown to strengthen parenting competencies, improve parent-child interactions, reduce behavioral difficulties, and increase parental confidence in managing challenging situations. Likewise, structured parent-training programs have demonstrated positive effects on family functioning, stress reduction, and children's behavioral outcomes. These findings underscore the importance of developing disaster-specific interventions that equip parents with the knowledge and skills necessary to support their children before, during, and after emergencies. Furthermore, the region in which this study will be conducted is located in an area with a high risk of natural disasters, particularly earthquakes, highlighting the practical significance of the research.
This study will employ a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest control group design to evaluate the effectiveness of a micro-psychoeducation program developed for parents of children with ADHD in disaster situations. The study sample will include at least 60 parents assigned to intervention and control groups. The psychoeducation program will consist of five structured sessions addressing disaster preparedness, crisis communication, behavioral management during emergencies, emotional regulation strategies, and post-disaster recovery. The intervention will be delivered by a researcher who is an authorized regional disaster trainer and has advanced academic and professional experience in disaster management and therapeutic interventions, in collaboration with child and adolescent psychiatry specialists. Data will be collected using the Personal Information Form, the Revised Berkeley Parenting Self-Efficacy Scale, the Disaster Preparedness Scale, the Psychological Preparedness for Disaster Threat Scale, and the Conners Parent Rating Scale.
Developing a structured disaster-focused psychoeducation program for parents of children with ADHD is expected to address an important clinical and public health need. The intervention is anticipated to improve parents' disaster preparedness, knowledge, awareness, and coping skills while strengthening their ability to support their children during disaster-related crises. Ultimately, the program is expected to contribute to reducing anxiety, stress, behavioral problems, and psychological distress among children with ADHD, thereby promoting healthier family adaptation and resilience throughout the disaster management process.

**Abstract**
Although pregnancy is a physiological process, it also involves various risks that may threaten the health of both the mother and fetus. Complications arising in high-risk pregnancies and prolonged bed rest increase stress and anxiety levels in women, negatively affecting both physical and psychological well-being. Failure to recognize or appropriately manage these adverse conditions may lead to serious perinatal outcomes such as preterm birth, low birth weight, depression, and difficulties in mother-infant bonding, thereby creating an additional burden on both maternal-infant health and the healthcare system.
This proposed project aims to examine the effect of mandala coloring activity on perceived stress and anxiety in women with high-risk pregnancies. The study will be conducted as a randomized controlled experimental study with a pretest-posttest design. The population of the study will consist of pregnant women hospitalized in the Obstetrics and Gynecology service of Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University Health Practice and Research Hospital. Based on power analysis, with a significance level of α = 0.05 and statistical power of (1-β) = 0.80, at least 26 participants per group were required assuming a large effect size (Cohen's d ≈ 0.80). Considering potential sample loss, 30 participants were planned for each group, resulting in a total sample size of 60.
Before data collection, ethics committee approval and institutional permission will be obtained. Data will be collected using the Personal Information Form, the Perceived Stress Scale in Risky Pregnancies Based on the Neuman Systems Model, and the State Anxiety Inventory. Pregnant women in the experimental group will participate in mandala coloring once daily for three consecutive days. Stress and anxiety levels will be assessed before and after the intervention using the relevant scales. In addition to descriptive statistical methods, appropriate statistical tests will be used according to normality assumptions. The methods specified in the project will be carried out by the principal investigator under the supervision of the advisor.
The project is expected to demonstrate that mandala coloring is effective in reducing stress and anxiety in women with high-risk pregnancies. In line with the goals emphasized in Türkiye's 12th Development Plan regarding innovative healthcare practices and strengthening public health, the findings are expected to contribute to the protection of maternal and infant health and the promotion of psychological well-being. Furthermore, by supporting reductions in medication use, length of hospital stay, and healthcare costs, the project may contribute to the dissemination of cost-effective, accessible, and holistic care approaches within the healthcare system.
Mandala coloring is an easily applicable, side-effect-free, and low-cost method that does not require special equipment, technical expertise, or a professional art therapist. In this respect, it represents a sustainable non-pharmacological intervention that can be easily implemented by nurses in both hospital settings and community-based healthcare services, with almost no training or material costs. Therefore, the findings of this project are expected to support not only individual-level psychological relaxation but also the development of cost-effective, innovative, and accessible care models in healthcare services. The project outcomes are also expected to strengthen the holistic care approach in nursing and promote the integration of non-pharmacological interventions into clinical protocols.
The findings of the study will be published in scientific journals and presented at national and international congresses. In addition, this research will contribute to the literature and provide a basis for the development of more comprehensive future projects. One of the most important outcomes of this research is that it will enable an undergraduate student to gain experience in conducting research, interpreting results, and preparing for publication, thereby contributing to the training of qualified researchers in priority areas of our country.