Article
Author: Mack, Stephen C ; Mount, Christopher W ; Fong, Vernon ; Pollack, Ian F ; Northcott, Paul A ; Hendriske, Liam D ; Phillips, Joanna J ; Hamilton, Ronald L ; Tominaga, Teiji ; Richman, Cory M ; Daniels, Craig ; Garzia, Livia ; Morrissy, Sorana ; Saad, Ali G ; Cho, Byung-Kyu ; Dai, Shizhong ; Farooq, Hamza ; Abeysundara, Namal ; Lee, Ji-Yeoun ; Singh, Sheila K ; Lee, John J Y ; Palotta, Jonelle ; Leary, Sarah E S ; Gallo, Marco ; Lach, Boleslaw ; Rasnitsyn, Alex ; Loukides, James ; Bognár, László ; Chico Ponce de León, Fernando ; Das Gupta, Neha ; Visvanathan, Abhi ; Kool, Marcel ; Thompson, Reid C ; Klekner, Almos ; Grajkowska, Wieslawa A ; Luu, Betty ; Weiss, William A ; Batts, Melissa ; Bendel, Anne ; Millen, Kathleen J ; You, Zhen ; Liu, Miao ; Livingston, Bryn G ; Kros, Johan M ; Cooper, Michael K ; Wang, Evan Y ; Wang, Kyu-Chang ; Jabado, Nada ; Wu, Xiaochong ; Huang, L Frank ; Lupien, Mathieu ; Bailey, Swneke ; Suzuki, Hiromichi ; Haldipur, Parthiv ; Tao, Ran ; Kim, Seung-Ki ; Korshunov, Andrey ; Perezpeña-Diazconti, Mario ; Zadeh, Gelareh ; Perek-Polnik, Marta ; Cavalli, Florence M G ; Ra, Young-Shin ; Hadley, Jennifer ; Erickson, Anders W ; Suarez, Raul ; Ramaswamy, Vijay ; Kenney, Anna M ; Michealraj, Kulandaimanuvel Antony ; French, Pim J ; Suva, Mario L ; Taylor, Michael D
AbstractTranscription factors are frequent cancer driver genes, exhibiting noted specificity based on the precise cell of origin. We demonstrate that ZIC1 exhibits loss-of-function (LOF) somatic events in group 4 (G4) medulloblastoma through recurrent point mutations, subchromosomal deletions and mono-allelic epigenetic repression (60% of G4 medulloblastoma). In contrast, highly similar SHH medulloblastoma exhibits distinct and diametrically opposed gain-of-function mutations and copy number gains (20% of SHH medulloblastoma). Overexpression of ZIC1 suppresses the growth of group 3 medulloblastoma models, whereas it promotes the proliferation of SHH medulloblastoma precursor cells. SHH medulloblastoma ZIC1 mutants show increased activity versus wild-type ZIC1, whereas G4 medulloblastoma ZIC1 mutants exhibit LOF phenotypes. Distinct ZIC1 mutations affect cells of the rhombic lip in diametrically opposed ways, suggesting that ZIC1 is a critical developmental transcriptional regulator in both the normal and transformed rhombic lip and identifying ZIC1 as an exquisitely context-dependent driver gene in medulloblastoma.