Author: Kesharwani, Prashant ; Naderi, Yazdan ; Kodehei, Armin Hashem ; Sahebkar, Amirhossein ; Bahadoran, Ensiyeh ; Atlasbaf, Amirhossein ; Zare, Isareza ; Yousefzadeh, Salar

Cerebral ischemia is associated with memory deficits. Bavachinin, a natural flavonoid derived from Psoralea Corylifolia seeds, exhibits various pharmacological properties, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticancer, and anti-allergic activities. We looked into the neuroprotective effects of bavachinin on rats' memory impairments brought on by transient cerebral ischemia/reperfusion. Blocked carotid arteries caused transient cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. Wistar male rats were randomized to bavachinin, ischemia/reperfusion, and sham groups. After surgery, bavachinin (100 mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally once a day for seven days. Spatial memory was evaluated using the Morris water maze test. The vitality of the hippocampal pyramidal neurons was assessed by Nissl staining. The production of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-1β) has been detected using ELISA. Oxidative stress was evaluated by determining the hippocampal levels of malondialdehyde (MDA). In rats with transient cerebral ischemia/reperfusion, bevacichinin markedly improved the performance of learning. The bavachinin-treated group had a higher number of surviving pyramidal neurons, as demonstrated by the Nissl staining. In the hippocampus, bevacichinin lowered MDA, TNF-α, and IL-1β levels. The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of bavachinin likely protect against memory impairment caused by transient cerebral ischemia. These findings suggest that bavachinin could be a potent therapeutic agent for the prevention of cognitive deficits and neuronal damage associated with cerebral ischemia/reperfusion. More studies are needed to explore its clinical applications and mechanisms of action.

01 Jul 2025·Practical Laboratory Medicine

Evaluation of CircHIPK3 biomarker potential in breast cancer

Article

Author: Bahadoran, Ensiyeh ; Jalilvand, Manijeh ; Moghbelinejad, Sahar ; Mohammadi, Davood

BackgroundNowadays, the investigation of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in various cancers is of great interest. In this research, we evaluated circHIPK3 biomarker potential in breast cancer (BC).MethodsThe studied samples were 100 cancer and adjacent normal tissues, plasma from 95 cancer patients, 42 patients with fibroadenomatosis, and 93 healthy donors. Illumina high-throughput Hi Seq 2000 sequencing performed expression profiling on 4 pairs of cancerous and normal breast tissues. For expression confirmation, Quantitative real-time fluorescent polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to detect the expression level of circHIPK3. CircHIPK3 diagnostic efficacy was evaluated by the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC).ResultsBased on high-throughput sequencing and bioinformatics results circHIPK3 had the highest expression in cancer tissues (P = 0.00034). Real-time results showed expression upregulation of circHIPK3 in BC tissues and plasma in comparison to healthy controls (P < 0.0001). For diagnostic potential, the area under the curve (AUC) result was 0.8087 (95 % CI: 0.7309 to 0.8866, P < 0.0001). Also, our results showed high specificity and sensitivity of circHIPK3 when evaluated alongside the CA-15-3 and CEA. Pathologic criteria evaluation showed that upregulation of circHIPK3 correlates with tumor size.ConclusionsCircHIPK3 is significantly upregulated in BC tissues and plasma compared to healthy controls, demonstrating high diagnostic potential with an AUC of 0.8087. The expression of circHIPK3 correlates with tumor size, indicating its relevance in the pathologic assessment of BC.

01 Jul 2025·Microbial Pathogenesis

Systematic review and meta-analysis on the prevalence of extended-spectrum β-lactamases-producing Acinetobacter baumannii in Iran: Evaluation of TEM, PER, SHV, CTX-M, VEB and GES

Review

Author: Sadeghi, Hamid ; Fardsanei, Fatemeh ; Rahimi, Sara ; Khanjani, Susan ; Nikkhahi, Farhad ; Aslanimehr, Masoumeh ; Gholamzadeh Khoei, Saeideh ; Maleki, Mohammad Reza ; Bakht, Mehdi

Acinetobacter baumannii's resistance to antibiotics restricts treatment ways, and has enhanced its mortality rates approaching 35%. Resistance to β-lactams in Acinetobacter baumannii, related to extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs), has become a worldwide concern. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase-Producing Acinetobacter baumannii in Iran. Important databases (PubMed, Scopus, Wily Online Library, ScienceDirect and Google Scholar) were searched for related literature published from January 2010 to April 2024. The inclusion criteria were predefined based on PRISMA guidelines. A random-effects model was used according to the heterogeneity test. Publication bias was specified using Egger's weighted regression and Begg's rank correlation methods. The statistical analyses were carried out relying on the Comprehensive Meta-Analysis Software (CMA). Among 2409 articles identified, 15 papers met the eligibility criteria. Among encoding genes of ESBLs, TEM, PER, SHV, CTX-M, VEB and GES were found with the prevalence of 25.0% (95% CI: 15.9-37.1%), 16.1% (95% CI: 7.4-31.5%), 14.3% (95% CI: 6.3-29.4%), 11.1% (95% CI: 4.3-25.8%), 9.9% (95% CI: 5.2-18.1%) and 8.5% (95% CI: 1.4-37.2%), respectively. A subgroup analysis based on province showed some differences in TEM prevalence. The evaluated pooled prevalence of TEM was highest in Ilam (53.4%; 95% CI: 42.0-64.5%), however, it was based only on one study. It was 51.1% (95% CI: 33.7-68.3%) in Tehran. The present studies demonstrate a high prevalence of ESBL in Acinetobacter Baumannii in Iran which poses a serious concern in critically ill patients. As well as these findings can assist our conception of the real prevalence of ESBL to work on new strategies for the control and prevention of infection.

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