Universidad Simón Bolívar

Dysglycaemia, defined as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) or impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), increases the cardiovascular risk and prognosis. INTERASPIRE performed in 14 countries across 6 WHO regions evaluated guideline adherence and management of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and dysglycaemia.

A total of 4,548 CAD patients (18-80 years) were interviewed 6 months-2 years after hospital admission. All without diabetes were eligible for an oral glucose test (OGTT).

Overall, 1990 (44%) had known T2DM. The OGTT revealed that 808 (40%) had previously unknown dysglycaemia (T2DM 12% and IGT 28%). Two thirds of all dysglycaemic patients were obese. A similar proportion reported low physical activity and only one third received dietary advice. Only half of dysglycemic patients were prescribed all guideline recommended cardioprotective drugs. A majority did not reach recommended blood pressure, lipids or HbA1c targets. Only 16% had attended a diabetes education program.

The INTERASPIRE study shows that screening for glucose perturbations in coronary patients is inadequate, achievement of lifestyle recommendations suboptimal and pharmacological management insufficient resulting in a poor risk factor control. Patients with coronary disease, especially those with glucose perturbations require professional support to achieve healthier lifestyles, and prescription of all cardioprotective medications to achieve guideline targets.

Abstract: Proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) is a common reaction in biol. systems, with potential implications for DNA damage and repair.This study showed that tris-(2-pyridine carboxylate) chromium (III) (complex 1) exhibited an increased electrochem. reaction rate in the presence of a strong acid, suggesting that PCET via proton donation promotes the reduction reaction.Conversely, complex 1 with picolinic acid showed a decreased electrochem. exchange constant, suggesting kinetic control by slow electronic exchange, consistent with PCET.Bis(pyridine-2,6-dicarboxylate) chromate (III) of sodium (complex 2), showed potential shifts and broadening of signals in the presence of dipicolinic and ascorbic acids, further supporting the involvement of PCET.Overall, the study highlighted the modulation of the electrochem. behavior of the chromium complexes through proton-coupled shifts in reduction potentials and kinetics, shedding light on their potential interactions with cellular reductant agents and protons.The weaker interactions of complexes 1 and 2 with BSA and DNA, together with their lower bioavailability and solubility compared to CQDP, contribute to our understanding of the potential biol. effects of the chromium complexes studied.This abstract provides a comprehensive overview of the results of the study, highlighting the significance of the PCET reactions and their potential implications for biol. processes and health effects.

Loneliness and suicidality are interrelated phenomena. Several studies suggest that they often co-exist, but the magnitude is unclear. This systematic review aims to analyze this association in general population samples of varying age groups and persons with depressive and bipolar disorders.

Search terms in this review included words related to loneliness and suicidality among general populations and depressive and bipolar disorders. Databases included PubMed, PsychINFO, and Web of Science. The search occurred up until May 27, 2024. Screening and data extraction were performed independently. Studies were categorized by age group or clinical diagnosis. Quality assessments were conducted using NIH tools.

Fifty-six studies met eligibility criteria: 52 involved general population samples and 4 involved patients with depressive or bipolar disorders. In healthy adults aged 18 to 64, loneliness mainly showed a moderate positive correlation with suicidality (r = 0.26 to 0.59), while correlations in older adults (aged 65+) (r = 0.498) and in adolescents aged 13-17 were weaker. In depressive and bipolar disorders, correlations ranged from weak to moderate (r = -0.06 to 0.40), with associations stronger in unadjusted models (UOR = 2.8 to 7.07). Furthermore, some studies suggested that depressive symptoms mediate the association between loneliness and suicidality.

A moderate and positive association was observed between loneliness and suicidality in healthy adults and patients with depressive disorders. However, the role of bipolar disorders in the association remains unclear. Practitioners should routinely evaluate persons living with depressive or bipolar disorders for loneliness as part of a comprehensive assessment.