An HPLC method for determination of the content and related substances of palonosetron hydrochloride injection was established.The separation was performed on an Agilent Zorbax SB-C18 column (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) at room temperature, the mobile phase consisted of ion-pair buffer-acetonitrile (70:30) at the flow rate of 1 mL/min-1, and the detection wavelength was 210 nm.Palonosetron hydrochloride was separated with its related substance thoroughly.There was a good linear relationship within the range of 12.00-150.01 μg/mL-1 (r = 0.9999, n = 6).The limit of detection (LOD) was 0.5 ng; and the limit of quantitation (LOQ) was 3 ng.The average recoveries were 99.5% (RSD = 1.0%), 99.0% (RSD = 0.5%), and 99.4% (RSD = 0.9%) for high, middle and low concentrations of palonosetron hydrochloride, resp.The method is simple, rapid, and accurate and is suitable for determination of the content and related substances of palonosetron hydrochloride injection.