Hefei University

The advancement of human monoamine oxidase B (hMAO-B) inhibitors for the management of Parkinson's disease (PD) has seen notable progress, however, the clinical application of existing hMAO-B inhibitors is hindered by their limited efficacy and associated adverse effects. This article presents highly potent and selective hMAO-B inhibitors characterized by either a 2,3,4,5-tetrahydrobenzo[f][1,4]oxazepine core or a 2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-benzo[c]azepine core. These compounds were designed through the cyclization of the amine group with the phenyl ring of safinamide, a second-generation hMAO-B inhibitor that has received approval for PD treatment. Among the synthesized compounds, ZM24 and ZM26, which possess the 2,3,4,5-tetrahydrobenzo[f][1,4]oxazepane core structure, exhibited a significant increase in both efficacy and isoform selectivity relative to safinamide. Subsequent biological assessments revealed that these two compounds act as reversible hMAO-B inhibitors, demonstrate substantial neuroprotective properties, and significantly improve motor dysfunction in MPTP-induced mouse models of PD, thereby reinforcing their potential therapeutic applications in the treatment of PD.

The long-term stability is indispensable to the commercialization of perovskite solar cells.Here, we propose for the first time an x-y nanosized interaction strategy to improve the stability of perovskite solar cells, which features a perovskite layer interdigitated by an interactive nanorod array (NA) to laterally limit the perovskite crystallization along x-y directions of substrate plane within nanosized inter-gaps between nanorods.Results show that the solar cell resulting from infiltrating CH₃NH₃PbI₃ layer into the Sb₂S₃-NA grown on TiO₂ film exhibits an improved stability against humidity by 86 % than the conventional counterpart device prepared by depositing bulk CH₃NH₃PbI₃ layer on TiO₂ film, where the improved stability originates from the limited migration and rearrangement of Pb²⁺ and I^- ions in x-y nanosized CH₃NH₃PbI₃ crystals by the strong interaction between such-nanosized perovskite crystals and Sb₂S₃ nanorods.Our findings provide a novel approach to prepare the stable perovskite solar cells.

The commercialization of Li-S batteries is constrained by the unstable interface, severe shuttle of polysulfides, and sluggish kinetic conversion reactions. Electrolyte regulation is a straightforward and efficient way to tackle those mentioned issues. Herein, a multifunctional electrolyte additive of 2,5-Dimercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole (DMTD) is introduced in the ether-based electrolyte, which can be lithiated into Li₂-DMTD when contacted with the Li or Li₂S during the discharge process. The generated Li₂-DMTD can operate as a highly ionic-conducting protective coating on the Li surface, inhibiting the formation of Li dendrites, and increasing interface stability. Then, it is reversibly oligomerized with Li₂S, forming two organosulfur oligomers during the ensuing electrochemical process. Such a modified reaction routine can reduce the shuttle effect and speed up the reaction kinetics of Li₂S at the cathode, preventing cathode passivation and boosting active material utilization. As a result, The Li||Li symmetric cells with DMTD exhibit about 5-fold cycle life than the reference cell under 5 mA cm^-2 current density. Meanwhile, the initial charge voltage of Li||Li₂S battery is greatly decreased from 3.7 V to 3.0 V with DMTD, and the assembled Li-S cell shows an improved capacity retention from 45.7 % to 81.2 % after 320 cycles. Therefore, this work successfully tackled the critical issues by designing functional organosulfur electrolyte additives in LSBs, which provides theoretical guidance for the electrolyte design in LSBs.