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Lectins are a heterogeneous group of carbohydrate-binding proteins that vary in size, structure, molecular organization, and binding patterns. They evoke diverse biological responses by specifically binding to cell surface glycans and function as recognition molecules. In this study, a lectin from the fruit of Phyllanthus reticulatus was purified using mucin-affinity chromatography. The Phyllanthus reticulatus lectin (PRL) is non-specific to blood groups, with its hemagglutination activity strongly inhibited by asialo-mucin and weakly inhibited by mucin, fetuin, asialo-fetuin, and ovalbumin. The purified PRL exists in a monomeric form and has an estimated molecular weight of approximately 36 kDa (as determined by SDS-PAGE) and 35.07 kDa (as determined by ESI-Q-TOF-MS/MALDI-TOF-MS). The hemagglutination activity of PRL remains stable at an acidic pH of 4.2 and at temperatures up to 60 °C. Glycan array analysis revealed a fine sugar specificity towards fucose and fucose-containing complex glycans. Notably, PRL exhibited a dose-dependent cytotoxic effect on T47D and SKBR3 breast cancer cell lines by inducing apoptosis, as assessed through MTT assay and annexin V/PI staining. These results suggest that PRL is a novel plant lectin with strong apoptotic effects on breast cancer cell lines and distinct carbohydrate specificity, highlighting its potential significance in cancer glycobiology.

28 Apr 2025·Indian Journal of Orthopaedics Surgery

A rare cause of knee pain in adult – pigmented villonodular synovitis: A case report

Author: Pawar, Vinay ; Naik, Rajesh B ; Hosangadi, Adiveppa ; Kalluraya, Suryakanth

01 Apr 2025·MRIMS Journal of Health Sciences

Prospective interventional study of intrastromal voriconazole injection in nonhealing fungal keratitis

Author: Seethalakshmi, D. K. ; Goudar, Shobha ; Mridula, A. K. ; Amulya, P.

AbstractBackground:Fungal keratitis is difficult to manage. The fungi are fungistatic. There are limited drugs available. These drugs do not penetrate the cornea deep layers. Thus, the concentration of these drugs is low where it is required.Objective:The objective of this study was to study the efficacy of intrastromal voriconazole injection in nonhealing fungal keratitis.Materials and ethods:Hospital-based prospective interventional study was carried out among 20 cases with fungal keratitis. Detailed clinical evaluation was done. Visual acuity was tested using Snellen chart. Freshly prepared voriconazole in the dose of 50 mg/0.1 mL was given. It was divided into five doses. It was infiltrated near the lesion. Any complication occurring during the intrastromal injection was noted. Patients were followed for 3 months.Results:Mean age was 53.2 years. Most cases were of 41–50 years (35%). There were 16 males (80%) and 4 females (20%). Six had diabetes mellitus. Fifty percentage had previous history of trauma with vegetative matter. All patients had deep stromal involvement except 2. At 4 weeks, 16 (80%) improved in the size of stromal infiltrate after 3 doses of intrastromal injection, 1 (5%) did not show any improvement in the size of stromal infiltrate, 1 (5%) showed an increase in the size of stromal infiltrate, and 2 (10%) had perforation and were taken for keratoplasty. Overall, there was an improvement in the visual acuity of the majority of cases.Conclusion:Intrastromal voriconazole injection is a safe and effective way to treat nonhealing deep fungal keratitis.

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